metadata for web ontologies and rules: current practices and perspectives
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Metadata for web ontologies and rules:
current practi ces and perspecti ves
Carlos Tejo-Alonso, Diego Berrueta, Luis Polo and Sergio Fernández
Context
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#Bicycle ">
<rdf:type rdf:resource="&owl;Class"/><rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="#Vehicle"/>
<rdfs:label xml:lang="en">bicycle</rdfs:label><dct:description xml:lang="en">Vehicle consisting of two wheels held in a frame one behind other, propelled by pedals</dct:description><dc:creator>Iván Mínguez</dc:creator>
</rdf:Description>
logic
annotation
Motivation to annotate
• Facilitate search
• Improve exchange and reuse
• Link them to the natural language
• Generate reference documentation
Overview
• Current ontology & rule metadata usage
• Proposed vocabulary to annotate rules
• Parrot, a documentation tool for ontologies and rules
• Conclusions/Future Work
Metadata vocabularies
• General purpose: DC, SKOS or RDFS– dc:creator, skos:prefLabel, rdfs:comment
• For ontologies: OWL– owl:versionInfo
• For rules: no specific vocabulary (with significant adoption)
Ontology metadata study
Ontology metadata study
• Massive use of RDF Schema(label & comment)
• Property synonymydc:description rdfs:commentdct:description skos:definition
• Absence of:– multimedia– legal rights and license information– expressive multilingual metadata
Rule metadata: a proposalMetadata Recommended propertiesLabeling dc:title, dct:title, rdfs:label,
skos:prefLabel, skos:altLabel
Authoring foaf:maker, dc:creator, dc:contributor, dc:publisher, dct:creator, dct:contributor, dct:publisher
Description dc:description, dct:description, rdfs:comment, skos:definition, skos:example, skos:note
Multimedia foaf:depiction, og:video
Versioning owl:versionInfo, dct:hasVersion, skos:changeNote
Rights dc:rights, dct:license
Date dc:date, dct:issued, dct:modified
Documentation dct:source, rdfs:seeAlso, rdfs:isDefinedBy
Annotated rule (example)(* ex:rule ex:rule [
rdfs:label -> “Example Rule”@endc:creator -> “Luis Polo”dc:date -> “1981-01-20”og:video -> <http://youtu.be/5h10QHpA5EU>dct:publisher -> http://ontorule-project.eu] *)
Forall ?person ?age ( If And( ?person #foaf :Person
?person [foaf:age -> ?age] External(pred:numeric-less-than(?age 18))
)Then Do( Assert(?person#ex:Under18Person) )
logic
annotation
Report
Parrot overview
• Multimedia-rich, customizable reports for humans
• Supports multiple metadata
• Combination of rules and ontologies
• Supports multilingual annotations
OWL
RIF
Parrot usage
Web service
Eclipse plugin
Command Line Interface
Parrot DEMO
http://ontorule-project.eu/parrot
Conclusions
• Ontology metadata exists in the wild, but there is still room for improvement
• Metadata facilitate rule exchange between Business Rules Management System
• We expect to impact on the quality and quantity of the metadata annotations in rules and ontologies
Future work
• To expand the analysis to large ontologies
• To account the use of metadata in RIF documents as they become available
• To extend proposal of rule metadata properties as new requirements arise
http://www.flickr.com/photos/ockam/2591316903/
Thanks for your attention
contact: carlos.tejo@fundacionctic.org
About this presentation
Fifth Metadata and Semantics Research
Conference (MTSR 2011)12-14 October 2011
Yaşar University, Izmir – TURKEYhttp://mtsr2011.yasar.edu.tr
AcknowledgementsThis work has been partially supported by the European
Commission under ONTORULE project
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