martes catorce de octubre de 2014 objetivo: objetivo: understand the formation of the preterite and...

Martes catorce de octubre de 2014

Objetivo: Understand the formation of the preterite and imperfect tense

Hola!Today your work in

Spanish is COMPLETELY

INDEPENDENT

You need read through the slides

to understand what you are doing

today

TODAY YOU ARE GOING TO REVISE

THE PRETERITE AND THE IMPERFECT

TENSE

FIRST: 1.WHAT ARE CONJUGATIONS?

FIRST: 1.WHAT ARE CONJUGATIONS?

Conjugation is breaking a verb (ending ar, er, ir) down to its different persons and tenses. Verbs ending ar, er, ir are also known as infinitives.

Example: We are going to break three verbs down to its different persons in the present tense

Yo (I) hablo como vivoTu (You singular) hablas comes vivesEl (He, she, it) habla come viveNosotros (We) hablamos comemos vivimosVosotros (You plural) hablaís coméis vivéisEllos (They) hablan comen viven

Persons(Also known as Pronouns)

Hablar Comer Vivir

The verbs ending ar, er, ir have changed its ending to refer to other persons (I, you, he, she, we, you(plural), and they.THIS IS CONJUGATION

Copy this definition in your exercise book

THE PRETERIT

The Preterite tense is used for…

When the action has a definite beginning and end

Completed actions in the past.

Regular vs Irregular verbs

IRREGULAR VERBS:. These verbs ending (ar er ir) change not only the ending but also the start of the verb. For example when the verb tener (to have) changes to tuve (I had).

REGULAR VERBS : These are verbs ending (ar er ir) where the only change is in the ending. For example when the verb hablar (to speak) changes to hablé (I spoke)

To form the preterit tense in Spanish using REGULAR VERBS you need to follow these steps…

PRETERIT TENSE

STEP 1

Find the infinitive of the verb being done eg: to use – Usar

Usar – To use

Usar

Usar

Usar

Usar

Usar

Usar

PRETERIT TENSE

STEP 2

Take off the 2-letter ending (ar)

Usar – TO USE

Usar

Usar

Usar

Usar

Usar

Usar

XX

X

XX

X

PRETERIT TENSE

STEP 3

Add one of the following endings for ar verbs like jugar, hablar etc…….

‘AR’ VERBS example - Usar (To use)

Usar

Usar

Usar

Usar

Usar

Usar

XX

X

XX

X

aste

amos

ó

astéis

é

aron

PRETERIT TENSE

STEP 3

Add one of the following endings for er and ir verbs like comer, vivir etc…….

‘ER’ ‘IR’ VERBS example: comer y vivir

Comer

Comer

Comer

Comer

Comer

Comer

X

X

X

X

XX

iste

imos

ió

istéis

í

ieron

aste

amos

ó

astéis

é

aron

iste

imos

ió

istéis

í

ieron

‘AR ‘VERBS endings

‘ER, IR ‘VERBS endings

COPY THIS TABLE IN YOUR EXERCISE BOOK

Conjugate this verbs in the preterit

1.Ellos sacar (They took)Ellos sacaron2. Nosotros volver (We returned)Nosotros volvimos3. El comprar (He bought)El compró4. Tu llegar (You arrived)Tu llegaste5. Vosotros trabajar (You worked)Vosotros trabajastéis

USE THE TABLE OF ENDINGS IN YOUR BOOK TO HELP YOU

To form the preterit tense in Spanish using IRREGULAR VERBS you need to know that:

1.Irregular verbs do not have their ending with an accent

2.The only way of knowing how to conjugate

them is by memorizingI DO NOT EXPECT YOU TO MEMORIZE THEM BUT YOU NEED TO BE FAMILIAR WITH THEM.

IRREGULAR VERBS

In the next two slides you will have a list of them and their conjugationsGlue this sheet in your exercise sheet and read them

Irregular Preterites(I, you(s), he/she/it, we, you(pl), they)

Andar(to walk)

anduve, anduviste, anduvo, anduvimos, anduvisteis, anduvieron

Caber(to fit)

cupe, cupiste, cupo, cupimos, cupisteis, cupieron

Dar(to give)

di, diste, dio, dimos, disteis, dieron

Decir(to say)

dije, dijiste, dijo, dijimos, dijisteis, dijeron

Estar(to be)

estuve, estuviste, estuvo, estuvimos, estuvisteis, estuvieron

Haber(to have)

hube, hubiste, hubo, hubimos, hubisteis, hubieron

Hacer(to do)

hice, hiciste, hizo, hicimos, hicisteis, hicieron

Ir(to go)

fui, fuiste, fue, fuimos, fuisteis, fueron

Poder(to be able)

pude, pudiste, pudo, pudimos, pudisteis, pudieron

Irregular Preterites(I, you(s), he/she/it, we, you(pl), they)

Poner(to put)

puse, pusiste, puso, pusimos, pusisteis, pusieron

Producir(to produce)

produje, produjiste, produjo, produjimos, produjisteis, produjeron

Querer(to want)

quise, quisiste, quiso, quisimos, quisisteis, quisieron

Saber(to know)

supe, supiste, supo, supimos, supisteis, supieron

Ser(to be)

fui, fuiste, fue, fuimos, fuisteis, fueron

Tener(to have)

tuve, tuviste, tuvo, tuvimos, tuvisteis, tuvieron

Traer(to bring)

traje, trajiste, trajo, trajimos, trajisteis, trajeron

Venir(to come)

vine, viniste, vino, vinimos, vinisteis, vinieron

Ver(to see)

vi, viste, vio, vimos, visteis, vieron

THE IMPERFECT

The Imperfect tense is used for…

It also describes places, objects, people, time and the weather in the past.

Things we did regularly in the past or where we do not know the beginning and the end of the action (incomplete action).

Regular vs Irregular verbs

The are similar to the preterit

IRREGULAR VERBS:. These verbs ending (ar er ir) change not only the ending but also the start of the verb. For example when the verb ver (to see) changes to veía (I used to see).

REGULAR VERBS : These are verbs ending (ar er ir) where the only change is in the ending. For example when the verb cantar (to sing) changes to cantaba (I used to sing)

To form the IMPERFECT tense in Spanish using REGULAR VERBS you need to follow these steps…

IMPERFECT TENSE

STEP 1

Find the infinitive of the verb being done eg: to use – Usar

Usar

Usar

Usar

Usar

Usar

Usar

Usar

IMPERFECT TENSE

STEP 2

Take off the 2-letter ending (ar)

Usar

Usar

Usar

Usar

Usar

Usar

Usar

XX

X

XX

X

PRETERIT TENSE

STEP 3

Add one of the following endings for ar verbs like jugar, hablar etc…….

‘AR’ VERBS example - Usar (To use)

Usar

Usar

Usar

Usar

Usar

Usar

XX

X

XX

X

abas

abamos

aba

abaís

aba

aban

PRETERIT TENSE

STEP 3

Add one of the following endings for er and ir verbs like comer, vivir etc…….

‘ER’ ‘IR’ VERBS example: comer y vivir

Comer

Comer

Comer

Comer

Comer

Comer

X

X

X

X

XX

ías

íamos

ía

íais

ía

ian

‘AR ‘VERBS endings

‘ER, IR ‘VERBS endings

COPY THIS TABLE IN YOUR EXERCISE BOOK

abas

abamos

aba

abaís

aba

aban

ías

íamos

ía

íais

ía

ian

Conjugate this verbs in the imperfect tense

1.Ellos hablar (They used to talk)Ellos hablaban2. Nosotros vivir (We used to live)Nosotros vivíamos3. El escribir (He used to write )El escribía4. Tu aprender (You used to learn)Tu aprendías5. Vosotros saltar (You used to jump)Vosotros saltabaís

USE THE TABLE OF ENDINGS IN YOUR BOOK TO HELP YOU

To form the preterit tense in Spanish using IRREGULAR VERBS you need to know that:

1.The bad news is that there are irregular verbs in the imperfect tense

2.The good news is that there are only three

The list of the irregular verbs is in the next slide

IRREGULAR VERBS

YOU DON’T NEED TO MEMORIZE THEM BUT YOU NEED TO BE FAMILIAR WITH THEM

ALGUNOS IRREGULARES…

SER (To be)

ERA

ERAS

ERA

ÉRAMOS

ERAIS

ERAN

IR (To go)

IBA

IBAS

IBA

ÍBAMOS

IBAIS

IBAN

VER (To see)

VEÍA

VEÍAS

VEÍA

VEÍAMOS

VEÍAIS

VEÍAN

The following exercises are homework which you can

access on www. señorrecalde.weebly.com

To complete this activity you don’t

need to know what every word means.

PRÁCTICA 1- The preterit1. Ayer compré un coche nuevo para mi hermano (comprar).

2. Mi hermana fue al cine con sus amigas (ir).

3. Mis padres estuvieron en Barcelona el verano pasado (estar).

4. Pedro escribió una carta a María (escribir).

5. Yo trabajé el fin de semana en el supermercado(trabajar).

6. Tú leíste un libro y yo leí una revista (leer).

7. Antonio no hizo los deberes anoche (hacer).

8. Juan tuvo mucha suerte con los exámenes (tener).

9. Los profesores fueron muy estrictos con los alumnos (ser).

10. Mi familia y yo comimos en un restaurante muy caro (comer)

Yesterday I bought a new car for my brother. (to buy)

My sister went to the cinema with her friends (to go)

My parents were in Barcelona last summer(to be).

Pedro wrote a letter to Maria(to write).

I worked in a supermarket at the weekend (to work).

Antonio didn’t do his homework last night (to do).

Juan had a lot of luck with exams (to have).

You read a book and I read a magazine (to read) .

The teachers were very strict with the pupils (to be ).

My family and I ate in a very expensive restaurant (to eat)

PRÁCTICA 2 – The imperfect

1. Mi madre hablaba por teléfono con mi tía (hablar).

2. Yo comía mucho chocolate antes (comer).

3. Mis padres vivían en Madrid hace 3 meses (vivir).

4. Juan y tú estabais de vacaciones en Málaga (estar).

5. Mi hermano cantaba para un grupo de Pop(cantar).

6. Yo bailaba en la discoteca todos los sábados (bailar)

7. Mis hermanos jugaban al rugby juntos (jugar).

8. Nosotros estudiábamos mucho (estudiar).

9. Mi profesora de italiano hablaba muy claro (hablar).

10. Yo escribía muchas cartas a mi amigo José (escribir).

My mother used to talk on the phone with my untie (To talk)

I used to eat with a lot of chocolate before. (to eat)

My parents used to live in Madrid three months ago (to live)

Juan and you were on holiday in Malaga (to be).

My brothers used to play rugby together (to play)

I used to dance at the disco every Saturday (to dance)

My brothers used to play rugby together (to play)

We used to study a lot ( to study)

My Italian teacher used to talk very clear. (to talk)

I used to write a lot of letters to my friends (to write).

PRÁCTICA 3 Translate and conjugate Imperfect or preterit

1. I was playing rugby when John arrived.

Jugaba al rugby cuando llegó Juan.

2. I spoke to Tom whilst watching TV.

Hablé con Tom mientras veía la televisión.

3. I ate and drank all day.

Comí y bebí todo el día.

4. I was having breakfast when the phone rang.

Desayunaba cuando el telefonó sonó.

5. I saw María and I told her you were on holiday.

Vi a María y le dije que estabas de vacaciones.