mackerle 2005 international journal of pressure vessels and piping
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Review
Finite elements in the analysis of pressure vessels and piping,
an addendum: A bibliography (2001–2004)
Jaroslav Mackerle*
Linkoping Institute of Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, S-581 83 Linkoping, Sweden
Received 30 November 2004; revised 13 December 2004; accepted 31 December 2004
Abstract
The paper gives a bibliographical review of finite element methods(FEMs) applied for the analysis of pressure vessel
structures/components and piping from the theoretical as well as practical points of view. This bibliography is a new addendum to the
Finite elements in the analysis of pressure vessels and piping—a bibliography [1–3]. The listings at the end of the paper contain 856
references to papers and conference proceedings on the subject that were published in 2001–2004. These are classified in the following
categories: linear and nonlinear, static and dynamic, stress and deflection analyses; stability problems; thermal problems; fracture mechanics
problems; contact problems; fluid–structure interaction problems; manufacturing of pipes and tubes; welded pipes and pressure vessel
components; development of special finite elements for pressure vessels and pipes; finite element software; and other topics.
q 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Keywords: Finite element; Bibliography; Pressure vessels; pipes; Linear and nonlinear static and dynamic analysis; Fracture mechanics; Contact problems;
Thermal problems; Fluid–structure interaction; Welding
1. Introduction
Pressure vessels and piping are widely used in reactor
technology, the chemical industry, marine and space
engineering. They often operate under extremes of high
and low temperatures and high pressures, are becoming
highly sophisticated and therefore also need advanced
methods for their analyses. Advances are also made with
materials applied for their fabrication. Concrete and
composite materials are used more frequently in pressure
vessels and their components to replace, in some cases,
conventional steels.
During the last three decades considerable advances have
been made in the applications of numerical techniques to
analyze pressure vessel and piping problems. Among the
numerical procedures, finite element methods are the most
frequently used.
Pressure vessel and piping analyses may have a variety of
phases such as: elastic stress and deformation analysis
0308-0161/$ - see front matter q 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
doi:10.1016/j.ijpvp.2004.12.004
* Corresponding author. Tel.: C46 13 281 111; fax: C46 13 282 717.
E-mail address: jarma@ikp.liu.se
where both mechanical and thermal loads may be applied;
heat transfer analysis; dynamic analysis; plastic and creep
analysis; etc. There is in existence a large number of general
purpose and special purpose finite element programs
available to cope with each phase of the analysis.
This review on the subject is divided into the following
parts and it concerns:
†
linear and nonlinear, static and dynamic, stress anddeflection analyses (STR)
†
stability problems (STA)†
thermal problems (THE)†
fracture mechanics problems (FRA)†
contact problems (CON)†
fluid–structure interaction problems (FLU)†
manufacturing of pipes and tubes (MAN)†
welded pipes and pressure vessel components (WEL)†
development of special finite elements for pressurevessels and pipes (ELE)
†
finite element software (SOF)†
other topics (OTH)The status of finite element literature published between
1976 and 2004, and divided into the categories described
above, is illustrated in Fig. 1. Data presented in this figure
International Journal of Pressure Vessels and Piping 82 (2005) 571–592
www.elsevier.com/locate/ijpvp
Fig. 1. Finite elements and various topics in pressure vessels and piping
(1976–2004).
J. Mackerle / International Journal of Pressure Vessels and Piping 82 (2005) 571–592572
include published technical papers in the primary literature;
this means papers appearing in the various general and
specialized journals, conference proceedings as well as
theses and dissertations. If we take the number of published
papers as a measure of research activity in these various
subjects, we can see the priority trend in research.
This paper is organized into two parts. In the first, each
subject listed above is briefly described by keywords where
current trends in application of finite element techniques are
mentioned. The second part, Appendix A, is a listing of
references on papers published in the open literature for the
period 2001–2004, retrieved from the author’s database
MAKEBASE [4,5]. Readers interested in the finite element
literature in general are referred to [6] or to the author’s
Internet Finite Element Book Bibliography(http://www.
solid.ikp.liu.se/fe/index.html). The presented bibliography
is an addendum to the author’s earlier bibliographies [1–3].
Also the bibliography on creep and creep fracture/damage
finite element modelling [7] may be of interest.
2. Finite elements in the analysis of pressure vessels
and piping
2.1. Linear and nonlinear, static and dynamic,
stress and deflection analyses (STR)
The main topics included deal with the static and
dynamic finite element analyses of pressure vessels, their
components and piping, namely: stress and deformation
analysis; 2D and 3D linear elastic static and dynamic
analysis; material and geometrical nonlinear static and
dynamic analysis; seismic response analysis; impact
analysis; response to detonation loading; damping charac-
teristics; analysis of residual stresses; shakedown analysis;
vibroacoustical analysis; mechanical behaviour studies;
local mechanical behaviour studies; determining plastic
and limit loads; stress concentration factors; stiffness
evaluation; wrinkling; probabilistic studies.
Applications to: pipes; tubes; pipelines; tubesheets;
piping elbows; pressure vessel components; containment
vessels; pressure vessel heads; reactor vessel heads; nozzle
models; thick-walled cylinders; reinforcing pads; tubular
structures; saddle supports; anchorage.
Materials under consideration: steels; stainless steels;
aluminium; composites; polymers; filament wound compo-
sites; fibre-reinforced composites; polymer matrix compo-
sites; titanium; foam filled aluminum tubes; steel reinforced
plastics; structural foams.
2.2. Stability problems(STA)
Stability problems are the main subject of this section
Other topics included are: static and dynamic buckling;
thermal buckling; inelastic buckling pressure; inelastic local
buckling; buckling response to seismic loading; creep-
induced buckling; critical, buckling strains; buckling of
cracked components; post-buckling analysis; buckle propa-
gation; bending instabilities; stability for cone–cylinder
intersections.
Applications to: pipes; tubes; pipelines; linepipes; reeled
pipe-in-pipe; pressure vessel components.
Materials: steels; low-alloy steels; aluminium; compo-
sites; titanium.
2.3. Thermal problems (THE)
Heat transfer problems and thermomechanical finite
element analyses are the main subjects of this section. The
following topics are also included: thermal loading and
temperature cycling; temperature attenuation; thermal
shock; pressurized thermal shock; heat transfer analysis;
convective heat and mass transfer; turbulent forced
convection and thermal radiation; thermal stratification;
thermal striping; freezing problems; creep; local creep;
high-temperature structural integrity procedures; design for
elevated temperature service; thermal fatigue; fire perform-
ance; thermal management studies; parametric studies.
Applications to: pipes; tubes; pipelines; boiler tubes;
banks of tubes; tube coolant piping systems; tube condenser;
pressure vessels; reactor pressure vessels; cryogenic press-
ure vessels; heat exchanger components; heated sterilizers;
tube–fin exchangers; bellows; tanks; valves; subsea
flowlines.
Materials: steels; concrete; composites; polymers; cer-
amics; thermal insulations.
2.4. Fracture mechanics problems(FRA)
In this section fracture mechanics and fatigue problems
are handled. The listing of references in the Appendix
includes: linear and nonlinear 2D and 3D static and dynamic
fracture mechanics problems; mechanical and thermal
loading; macromechanical and micromechanical modelling;
global/local analysis; crack tip opening; crack growth and
propagation; delamination growth; crack arrest behaviour;
stress corrosion cracks; multiple cracks; microcracking;
fracture toughness; strength; shear strength; cleavage
fracture; burst pressure prediction; predicting the failure
pressure; prediction of crack coalescence; progressive
J. Mackerle / International Journal of Pressure Vessels and Piping 82 (2005) 571–592 573
crushing; limit load solutions; fracture mechanics par-
ameters; stress intensity factors; J-integral; damage; damage
tolerance; progressive damage; interlaminar and intralami-
nar damage; fatigue problems; thermal fatigue; creep
rupture; tearing failure; local failure modes; leak-before-
break analysis; failure models for puncture; critical fracture
energy; flow induced vibration failure; load capacity of
corroded pipes; waveguide scattering by cracks; material
fracture testing; NDT; flaw detection; pipe inspection;
defect assessment at elevated temperature; fracture mech-
anics in material processing; fracture mechanics in welding;
life assessment; benchmark experiments; integrity evalu-
ation methods; reliability analysis.
Applications to: pipes; tubes; pipelines; elbows; line-
pipes; pipe bends; pressure vessels; reactor pressure vessels;
heat exchangers; power plant components; tube-to-tube-
sheets; pressurized cylinders; deep-water pipelines; branch
junctions; dents; perforated plates; drainage systems.
Materials: steels; stainless steels; aluminium; titanium;
composites; braided composites; sandwich composites;
polymers; rubber; cladding materials; foam fillings.
2.5. Contact problems(CON)
2D and 3D finite element studies of static and dynamic
contact problems dealing with pipes and pressure vessels are
included in this section. Other subjects under consideration
are: behaviour of joints to static, dynamic and thermal
loading; junctions under pressure and bending; creep
induced contact and stress evolution; contact pressure due
to thermal loading; stress concentration factor; lateral
contact stiffness; flexibility analysis; external flange loads;
moment resistance; estimation of sealing performance; bolt-
up and disassembly process; stick-slip and stick-slip-
separation; study of gaps between components.
Applications to: pipes; tubes; pressure vessels; pipe
flange connections; gasketed and non-gasketed flanged
pipes; flanged connections for high-temperature appli-
cations; piping branch junctions; tube-to-tubesheet joints;
tube–gusset plate connections; stub–flange joints; shear
joining; lapped shear joints; bolted flanged joints; tubesheet-
to-channel connections; nozzle–shell junctions; nozzle–
sphere connections; ferrule strap connections; bonded
connections; joining by curing.
Materials: steels; stainless steels; aluminium; polymers;
composites; concrete.
2.6. Fluid–structure interaction problems (FLU)
The main topics include: coupled fluid–structure
response analyses; fluid induced vibration problems;
dynamic analysis of fluid-filled pipes; analysis of pipes
conveying fluids; radial–axial deformations of pipes con-
veying fluid; instability analysis in shells conveying
fluid; modal vibration suppression; wave–seabed–pipe
interaction.
Applications to: pipes; tubes; pipelines; pressure vessels;
tube bundles; submerged pipes.
Materials: steels; composites; fluids.
2.7. Manufacturing of pipes and tubes(MAN)
The finite element simulation of manufacturing pro-
cesses is the subject of this section. The main topics listed
are: material characteristics and formability; determination
of the coefficient of friction; determination of forming limit;
study of forming parameters; flow stress determination;
bending problems; cold bending; laser tube bending; bulge
forming; hydrostatic tube bulging; electromagnetic bulging;
drawing; cold drawing; bend-stretching forming; tubular
hydroforming; dual hydroforming; planetary rolling; hot
roll sizing milling; roller levelling; rotationally molding;
extrusion; semi-solid extrusion; tube flaring; tube-nosing
process; outward curling; cold pilgering; casting; necking
and bursting; fold formation; lubrication mechanisms;
fixtures design.
Applications to manufacturing of: pipes; tubes; line-
pipes; pipelines; seamless tubes; T-shape tubes; elbows;
bellows; pressure vessels.
Materials: steels; stainless steels; microalloyed steels;
aluminium; titanium; zircaloy; steel reinforced plastics;
polymers; composites.
2.8. Welded pipes and pressure vessel components(WEL)
The subjects in the simulation of welding processes
included here are: 2D and 3D thermomechanical analysis;
heat transfer analysis; residual stresses caused by welding;
temperature distribution; determination of welding pressure;
prediction of welding parameters; creep behaviour of welds;
local stress effect; fracture behaviour of welds; weld fatigue;
life prediction; weld testing; structural integrity assessment.
Welding of: pipes; tubes; gas pipelines; pressure vessel
components; pressure vessels; tubesheet assembly; long
seam welds; girth welds; butt welds; friction welding;
ultrasonic welding; multi-pass welding; prepregs welding;
sleeve repair welding.
Materials: steels; stainless steels; austenitic steels;
polymers.
2.9. Development of special finite elements
for pressure vessels and pipes(ELE)
In this section, references dealing with development as
well as applications of special finite elements used for
analyses of pressure vessels and piping systems are given.
The element types included are: modelling experiences with
various types of elements; pipe and tube elements; contact
elements; elbow elements; shell elements; toroidal shells;
shell elements for collapse load analysis; elements for
generalized in-plane pipe loading; 3D elements for saddle
support pressure vessels; special element for the study of
J. Mackerle / International Journal of Pressure Vessels and Piping 82 (2005) 571–592574
drag chains; special tube element for thermomechanical
analysis; exact Timoshenko pipe element.
2.10. Finite element software (SOF)
At present, thousands of finite element software packages
exist and new programs are under development. The existing
software can vary from large, sophisticated, general purpose,
integrated systems to small, special purpose programs for
PCs. Most of these programs have been mentioned and
described in [1,8]. In the respective section of the Appendix
some new references dealing with development/applications
of FE software are listed. They are concerned with: code
for prestressed concrete containment vessels; code for
thermal-hydraulics pressurized thermal shock analysis;
new pressure vessel code for ASME; software for lifetime
assessment; software for offshore pipelines; finite element
parallel processing; distributed computation.
2.11. Other topics(OTH)
In this last section subjects not treated earlier are
included. They deal with: static and dynamic geomechani-
cal analyses of pressure vessels and pipes in 2D and 3D;
buried structures; soil–structure interaction; side and deep
excavations; laying operations; deflection analysis; surface
impact; pipelines subject to settlement; buried pipes under
vehicle loads; cyclone effects; pipes in sediment pocket;
seismic analysis; noise transmission; deployment dynamics
of inflatable tubes.
Applications to: pipes; tubes; submarine pipelines;
pipelines with elbows; pumping well pipes; perforated
drainage pipes; perforated stiffening tubes; sandwich pipes;
pipe-in-pipe; pipe culverts; water piping systems; tunnel
face reinforced with pipes; microtunneling applications;
nuclear fuel channels; check valves; servovalves; catenary
risers; anchorage; relaxed hanger spans.
Materials: steels; stainless steels; concrete; polymers;
composites; thermoplastics; geotextile; inflated fabrics.
Acknowledgements
The bibliography presented in the Appendix is by no
means complete but it gives a comprehensive representation
of different finite element applications on the subject. The
author wishes to apologize for the unintentional exclusions
of missing references and would appreciate receiving
comments and pointers to other relevant literature for a
future update.
Appendix A. A bibliography (2001–2004)
This bibliography provides a list of literature references
on finite element analysis of pressure vessel structures/
components and pipes/tubes. The listings presented contain
papers published in scientific journals and conference
proceedings retrospectively to 2001. References have been
retrieved from the author’s database, MAKEBASE. Also
COMPENDEX has been checked. References are grouped
into the same sections described in the first part of this
paper, and are sorted alphabetically according to the first
author’s name. In some cases, if a specific paper is relevant
to several subject categories, the same reference is listed
under the respective section headings.
A.1. Linear and nonlinear, static and dynamic,
stress and deflection analyses
1. Abdel-Haq MM. Constraint effects on energy absorption in
unidirectional polymeric composite PMC tubes. PhD Thesis,
Wayne State Univ, 2002.
2. Asada S, et al. Verification of alternative criteria for shakedown
evaluation using flat head vessel. ASME Press Vess Piping Conf, PVP
2002;439:17–22.
3. Asada S, et al. Verification of alternative criteria for shakedown
evaluation using 2-dimensional and 3-dimensional nozzle models.
ASME Press Vess Piping Conf, PVP 2002;439:23–30.
4. Ayob AB, et al. The interaction of pressure, in-plane moment and
torque loadings on piping elbows. Int J Press Vess Piping 2003;
80(12):861–9.
5. Beltman WM, Shepherd JE. Linear elastic response of tubes to
internal detonation loading. J Sound Vib 2002;252(4):617–55.
6. Bjorset A, et al. Titanium pipes subjected to bending moment and
external pressure. Int Conf Offshore Mech Arctic Engng, Rio de
Janeiro. New York: ASME 2001;33–41.
7. Bjorset A, et al. Titanium pipes subjected to bending moment and
external pressure. Comput Struct 2003;81(30):2691–704.
8. Bjorset A, et al. Probabilistic analysis of bending moment capacity of
titanium pipes. Struct Safety 2004;26(3):241–69.
9. Blyukher B, et al. Computer simulation of pipeline deformations on
the basis of data from an intelligent caliper inspection tool. ASME
Press Vess Piping Conf, PVP 2003;458:309–12.
10. Boot JC, et al. Predicting the creep lives of thin-walled cylindrical
polymeric pipe linings subject to external pressure. Int J Solids Struct
2003;40(26):7299–314.
11. Borvik T, et al. Empty foam-filled aluminium tubes subjected to
axial and oblique quasistatic loading. Int J Crashworth 2003;8(5):
481–94.
12. Caillaud S, et al. Aeroacoustical coupling and its structural effects on
a PWR steam line Part 2-Vibroacoustical analysis of pipe shell
deformations. ASME Int Mech Engng Cong Expo, AMD 2002;253:
843–50.
13. Chapuliot S, et al. Mechanical behavior of a branch pipe subjected to
out-of-plane bending load. J Press Vess Tech, ASME 2002;124(1):
7–13.
14. Chattopadhyay J. The effect of internal pressure on in-plane collapse
moment of elbows. Nuclear Engng Des 2002;212(1/3):133–44.
15. De Sousa JRM, et al. Local mechanical behaviour of flexible pipes
subjected to installation loads. Int Conf Offshore Mech Arctic Engng,
Rio de Janeiro. New York: ASME 2001;219–27.
16. Demma A, et al. Mode conversion of longitudinal and torsional
guided modes due to pipe bends. AIP Conf, No. 557A 2001;172–9.
17. Dixon RD, et al. Stress concentration factors of cross-bores in thick
walled cylinders and square blocks. ASME Press Vess Piping Conf,
PVP 2002;436:31–6.
18. Duffey TA, Romero C. Vibration modes of spherical shells and
containment vessels. ASME Press Vess Piping Conf, PVP 2002;440:
177–84.
J. Mackerle / International Journal of Pressure Vessels and Piping 82 (2005) 571–592 575
19. Estrada H. Axisymmetric analysis of a laminated cylindrical shell
with variable thickness. Int SAMPE Tech Conf, Long Beach
2004;2589–98.
20. Ezekoye LI. An examination of the effect of valve design on stifffiess.
ASME Press Vess Piping Conf, PVP 2001;426:153–7.
21. Famiyesin OOR, et al. Post-finite-element prediction strategies for
engineering structures. J Struct Engng, ASCE 2001;127(11):1366–9.
22. Famiyesin OOR, et al. Semi-empirical equations for pipeline design
by the finite element method. Comput Struct 2002;80(16):1369–82.
23. Florizone DJ. Design of ellipsoidal heads using elastic–plastic finite
element analysis. ASME Press Vess Piping Conf, PVP 2002;440:
163–70.
24. Franco JRQ, et al. Adaptive FE method for the shakedown and limit
analysis of pressure vessels. Eur J Mech, A/Solids 2003;22(4):
525–33.
25. Fujita K, et al. Seismic response analysis of piping systems with
nonlinear supports using differential algebraic equations. ASME Press
Vess Piping Conf, PVP 2001;428:57–65.
26. Fujiwaka T, et al. Simulation of excessive deformation of piping due
to seismic and weight loads. ASME Press Vess Piping Conf, PVP
2002;439:345–52.
27. Fukuda N, et al. Changes in tensile properties due to cold bending of
line pipes. Int Conf Offshore Mech Arctic Engng, Oslo. New York:
ASME 2002;189–96.
28. Fukuda N, et al. Effect of changes in tensile properties due to cold
bending on large deformation behavior of high-grade cold bend pipe.
4th Int Conf Offshore Mech Arctic Engng, Oslo. New York: ASME
2002;363–70.
29. Guillot MW, Helms JE. Comparison of different methodologies for
stress analysis of reinforcing pads. ASME Press Vess Piping Conf,
PVP 2003;459:75–9.
30. Gupta NK, et al. A study of lateral collapse of square and rectangular
metallic tubes. Thin-Wall Struct 2001;39(9):745–72.
31. Haapaniemi H, et al. Numerical simulation of piping vibrations using
an updated FE model. Proc SPIE 2002;4753:193–9.
32. Hardy SJ, et al. Upper lower bound limit and shakedown loads for
hollow tubes with axisymmetric internal projections under axial
loading. J Strain Anal Engng Des 2001;36(6):595–604.
33. Hardy SJ, et al. Elastic and elastic–plastic finite element analysis of
hollow tubes with axisymmetric internal projections under com-
bined axial and pressure load. J Strain Anal Engng Des 2001;36(4):
373–90.
34. Hart JD, et al. Development of acceptance criteria for mild ripples
in pipeline field bends. 4th Int Pipeline Conf, Calgary. New York:
ASME 2002;659–72.
35. Hsieh MF, et al. Limit loads for knuckle-encroaching nozzles in
torispherical heads: experimental verification of finite element
predictions. J Strain Anal Engng Des 2002;37(4):313–26.
36. Hsu PW. Stresses in a uniformly paralelepiped solid with a
pressurized cylindrical cavity. 42nd Str Str Dyn Mater Conf, Seattle.
Washington, DC: AIAA 2001;2947–50.
37. Hub NS, et al. Effect of nozzle geometry on leak-before-break
analysis of pressurised piping. Engng Fract Mech 2001;68(16):
1709–22.
38. Kumar IS. Application of code case N-597 for local thinning
assessment for Class 1 piping. ASME Press Vess Piping Conf, PVP
2002;440:93–101.
39. Joshi B, et al. Finite element modeling of a PE pipe heap leachate
collection system. Finite Elem Anal Des 2001;37(12):979–96.
40. Kalnins A. Guidelines for sizing of vessels by limit analysis. Weld
Res Counc Bull; No. 464 2001;464:1–16.
41. Kalnins A. Shakedown check for pressure vessels using plastic FEA.
ASME Press Vess Piping Conf, PVP 2001;419:9–16.
42. Kalnins A. Shakedown ratchetting directives of ASME B and PV
code and their execution. ASME Press Vess Piping Conf, PVP 2002;
439:47–55.
43. Karadeniz H. A method for including ovalization effects of tubular
member on cross-section properties. Int Offshore Polar Engng Conf,
Stavanger 2001;426–32.
44. Kim YJ, et al. Estimation of non-linear deflection for cylinder under
bending and its application to CANDU pressure tube integrity
assessment. Nuclear Engng Des 2003;223(3):255–62.
45. Kochekseraii SB. Finite element modelling of plastic collapse of
metallic single mitred pipe bends subject to in-plane bending
moments. Int J Press Vess Piping 2004;81(1):75–81.
46. Kochekseraii SB, Robinson M. Flexural behavior of a polyvinyl
chloride-lined glass-reinforced plastic composite multi-mitred pipe
bend subjected to combined loads. J Strain Anal Engng Des 2004;
39(2):137–46.
47. Krieg R, et al. Load carrying capacity of a reactor vessel head under
molten core slug impact. Nuclear Engng Des 2003;223(3):237–53.
48. Kulikov YA, et al. Numerical–experimental investigation of the
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49. Kumar R, Saleem MA. Bend angle effect on B2 and C2 stress indices
for piping elbows. J Press Vess Tech, ASME 2001;123(2):226–31.
50. Kumar R, Saleem MA. B2 and C2 stress indices for large angle bends.
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51. Kumar R, Saleem MA. B2 and C2 stress indices for large-angle bends.
J Press Vess Tech, ASME 2002;124(2):177–86.
52. Laszlo JL, et al. Non-linear vibrations of the tube bend region of
a PWR steam generator: an experimental and numerical approach.
ASME Press Vess Piping Conf, PVP 2001;420:151–8.
53. Leila K, et al. Application of the simplified analysis to real structures.
ASME Press Vess Piping Conf, PVP 2002;446(2):181–7.
54. Leishear RA. Dynamic pipe stresses during water hammer: II—a
vibration analysis. ASME Press Vess Piping Conf, PVP 2002;440:
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55. Leishear RA, et al. Dynamic pipe stresses during water hammer: I—a
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56. Lengsfeld M, et al. Analysis of loads for nozzles in API 650 tanks.
ASME Press Vess Piping Conf, PVP 2001;430:67–77.
57. Lengsfeld M, et al. Stiffness coefficients for nozzles in API 650 tanks.
ASME Press Vess Piping Conf, PVP 2002;440:197–204.
58. STR, Lin CY. Analysis of laminated composite tubular structure. PhD
Thesis, The Univ of Texas 2002, Arlington.
59. Lin CY, Chan WS. Stiffness evaluation of elliptical laminated
composite tube under bending. 42nd Str Str Dyn Mater Conf, Seattle.
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60. Lubis A, Boyle JT. The pressure reduction effect in smooth piping
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61. Madureira L, Melo FQ. Stress analysis of curved pipes with a hybrid
formulation. Int J Press Vess Piping 2004;81(3):243–9.
62. Magnucki K, et al. Flexible saddle support of a horizontal cylindrical
pressure vessel. Int J Press Vess Piping 2003;80(3):205–10.
63. Maher A, Hamada AA. On the modelling of tubes with composite
coat. IMAC-XIX, Kissimmee, FL 2001;782–9.
64. Mangalaramanan P. Accelerated limit loads using repeated elastic
finite element analyses. ASME Press Vess Piping Conf, PVP 2003;
458:61–72.
65. Mantena PR, Mann R. Impact dynamic response of high-density
structural foams used as filler inside circular steel tube. Compos Struct
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66. Marie S, Nedelec M. Elastic stresses in elbows submitted to in-
plane bending moment. J Press Vess Tech, ASME 2003;125(2):
209–20.
67. Matzen VC, Tan Y. The history of the B2 stress index. J Press Vess
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68. Matzen VC, Tan Y. Using finite element analysis to determine piping
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J. Mackerle / International Journal of Pressure Vessels and Piping 82 (2005) 571–592576
69. Megahed MM, et al. Shakedown loads for structures with severe
geometrical discontinuities. ASME Press Vess Piping Conf, PVP
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70. Mihaylova E, et al. Dynamic ESPI measurements for mechanical
characterization of pipes. Proc SPIE 2003;5226:214–8.
71. Mihaylova E, et al. Mechanical characterization of unplasticised
polyvinylchloride thick pipes by optical methods. Opt Lasers Engng
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72. Miller GA, et al. An elastic-perfectly plastic limit load analysis of a
nozzle in a monobloc vessel with external loads. ASME Press Vess
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73. Mirza S, et al. Fiber-reinforced composite cylindrical vessel with
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74. Moffat DG, et al. An assessment of ASME III and CEN TC54
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75. Mourad HM, Younan MYA. Nonlinear analysis of pipe bends
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J Press Vess Tech, ASME 2001;123(2):253–8.
76. Mukaimachi N, et al. An advanced computational method for
nonlinear behavior of piping systems subject to earthquake load.
ASME Press Vess Piping Conf, PVP 2002;445(1):119–26.
77. Muscat M, Hamilton R. Elastic shakedown in pressure vessel
components under non-proportional loading. ASME Press Vess
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78. Muscat M, Mackenzie D. Elastic shakedown analysis of
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79. Muscat M, Mackenzie D. Elastic-shakedown analysis of axisym-
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80. Ng RKH, et al. Design analysis, manufacture, and test of shallow
water pressure vessels using E-glass/epoxy woven composite
material for an underwater vehicle. J Compos Mater 2002;36(21):
2443–78.
81. Nishiguchi I, et al. Analytical numerical evaluation of the cyclic yield
area criteria for shakedown requirements. ASME Press Vess Piping
Conf, PVP 2002;439:39–46.
82. O’Brien BJ, et al. Three dimensional finite displacements and
rotations of flexible beams including non-equal bending stiffnesses.
Int Conf Offshore Mech Arctic Engng, Cancun. New York: ASME
2003;567–74.
83. Ochoa OO, Rodriguez DE. Flexure behavior of composite spoolable
tubes. Int Conf Offshore Mech Arctic Engng, Oslo. New York: ASME
2002;233–7.
84. Okamoto A, et al. Recent advancement on the draft of alternative
stress evaluation criteria in Japan based on partial inelastic analyses.
ASME Press Vess Piping Conf, PVP 2001;419:17–24.
85. Okamoto A, et al. Evaluation criteria for alternating loads based on
partial inelastic analyses. ASME Press Vess Piping Conf, PVP 2002;
439:57–64.
86. Osadchuk VA, Banakhevych YV. Stress concentration in a pipeline
with surface hollow in the form of a semiellipsoid of revolution.
Mater Sci 2002;38(2):198–206.
87. Otani A, et al. The damping characteristics of piping with plastic
deformation. Part 2.. ASME Press Vess Piping Conf, PVP 2001;428:
21–9.
88. Park J, et al. Identification of reactor internals vibration modes of a
Korean standard of PWR using structural modeling and neutron noise
analysis. Progr Nucl Energy 2003;43(1/4):177–86.
89. Pasqualino IP, et al. Comparative structural analyses between
sandwich and steel pipelines for ultra-deep water. Int Conf Offshore
Mech Arctic Engng, Oslo. New York: ASME 2002;165–73.
90. Peek R. Wrinkling of tubes in bending from finite strain three-
dimensional continuum theory. Int J Solids Struct 2002;39(3):
709–23.
91. Peters DT. Effect of blend radius on stress concentration factor of
crossbored holes in thick walled pressure vessels. ASME Press Vess
Piping Conf, PVP 2003;455:53–7.
92. Petrovic A. Stress analysis in cylindrical pressure vessels with loads
applied to the free end of a nozzle. Int J Press Vess Piping 2001;78(7):
485–93.
93. Porter MA, et al. Comparison of limit load, linear and nonlinear FE
analysis of a typical vessel nozzle. ASME Press Vess Piping Conf,
PVP 2001;430:139–44.
94. Rajan, et al. Collapse analysis of thin walled pressure vessels using
the finite element method. J Inst Engng(India) Aerospace Engng J
2001;82(1):23–8.
95. Reinhardt W. Design method for perforated plates with triangular
perforation pattern. ASME Press Vess Piping Conf, PVP 2001;417:
79–89.
96. Reinhardt W. A non-cyclic method for plastic shakedown analysis.
ASME Press Vess Piping Conf, PVP 2003;458:51–9.
97. Reinhardt WD. Yield criteria for the elastic–plastic design of
tubesheet with triangular penetration pattern. J Press Vess Tech,
ASME 2001;123(1):118–23.
98. Rilo NF, et al. Stresses from radial loads and external moments in
spherical pressure vessels. Proc, Inst Mech Engng, Part E 2001;
215(2):99–109.
99. Salley L, Pan J. A study of the modal characteristics of curved pipes.
Appl Acoustics 2002;63(2):189–202.
100. Sang ZF, et al. Limit burst pressures for a cylindrical shell intersection
with intermediate diameter ratio. Int J Press Vess Piping 2002;79(5):
341–9.
101. Scott CS, Kozluk MJ. A finite element analysis of the residual stresses
incurred during bending of pipes. ASME Press Vess Piping Conf,
PVP 2002;441:63–70.
102. Seipp TG. Comparison of methods to evaluate finite element results
for an atypical vessel nozzle. ASME Press Vess Piping Conf, PVP
2001;430:21–5.
103. Shim DJ, et al. Assessment of local wall thinned pipeline under
combined bending and pressure. ASME Press Vess Piping Conf, PVP
2002;442:125–30.
104. Shu DW. A tube under transverse loading—FEM and experiment.
Key Engng Mater 2002;233–236:731–6.
105. Shu JJ. A finite element model and electronic analogue of pipeline
pressure transients with frequency-dependent friction. J Fluids Engng,
ASME 2003;125(1):194–9.
106. Staat M. Some achievements of the European project LISA for FEM
based limit and shakedown analysis. ASME Press Vess Piping Conf,
PVP 2002;441:177–85.
107. Sun H, et al. Finite element analysis of the steel reinforced plastic
pipe. J Mater Sci Technol 2003;19:43–5.
108. Tan Y. Experimental and nonlinear FEA investigation of elbows
leading to a new definition of the B(2) stress index. PhD Thesis, North
Carolina State Univ 2001.
109. Tan Y, Matzen V. Correlation of in-plane bending test and FEA
results for thin-walled elbows. Nuclear Engng Des 2002;217(1/2):
21–39.
110. Tan Y, et al. Correlation of test and FEA results for elbows
subjected to out-of-plane loading. Nuclear Engng Des 2002;217(3):
213–24.
111. Tan Y, et al. Correlation of test and FEA results for the nonlinear
behavior of straight pipes and elbows. J Press Vess Tech, ASME
2002;124(4):465–75.
112. Ten Horn CHLJ, Bakker A. Applicability of the fraction model to
cyclic plastic deformation of pipeline steel. Comp Mater Sci 2002;
25(1/2):246–52.
113. Wang S, Zhao J. Deformation relaxation: a finite element optimiz-
ation method for tee. ASME Press Vess Piping Conf, PVP 469. New
York: ASME 2003;63–8.
114. Wang X, et al. Self-strengthening research of fiber reinforced pressure
vessel with metalic liners. J Reinf Plast Compos 2001;20(16):1390–413.
J. Mackerle / International Journal of Pressure Vessels and Piping 82 (2005) 571–592 577
115. Webb DC, et al. Finite element simulation of energy absorption
devices under axial static compressive and impact loading. Int
J Crashworth 2001;6(3):399–423.
116. Williams DK. Shock tube treatment of high pressure discharge of
pipe blockage. ASME Press Vess Piping Conf, PVP 2001;430:27–33.
117. Williams DK. Axisymmetric closed form solution of pipe strap
anchors. ASME Press Vess Piping Conf, PVP 2001;430:51–8.
118. Williams DK. A proposed design criterion for vessel lifting lugs in
lieu of ASME B30.20. ASME Press Vess Piping Conf, PVP 2002;
440:205–12.
119. Williams DK. Predictions of residual stresses in the mechanical roll of
HX tubes into TEMA grooves. ASME Press Vess Piping Conf, PVP
2003;459:121–9.
120. Williams DK, Ranson WF. Pipe-anchor discontinuity analysis
utilizing power series solutions, Bessel Functions, and Fourier series.
Nuclear Engng Des 2003;220(1):1–10.
121. Yang J, Gurdal R. Piping elbow cyclic analyses for shakedown
verification. ASME Press Vess Piping Conf, PVP 453 New York:
ASME 2003;49–59.
122. Yatabe H, et al. Effects of mechanical properties on the deformability
of high grade linepipe. Int Conf Offshore Mech Arctic Engng, Rio de
Janeiro. New York: ASME 2001;77–84.
123. Yatabe H, et al. Analytical study of appropriate design for the
high-grade induction bend pipes subjected to large ground defor-
mation. Int Conf Offshore Mech Arctic Engng, Oslo. New York:
ASME 2002;181–8.
124. Yatabe H, et al. Effect of material stress–strain behavior and pipe
geometry on the deformability of high-grade pipelines. J Offshore
Mech Arctic Engng, ASME 2004;126(1):113–9.
125. Yazdchi M, Crisfield MA. Non-linear dynamic behaviour of
flexible marine pipes and risers. Int J Num Meth Engng 2002;54(9):
1265–308.
126. Yokoyama T. Finite element computation of torsional plastic waves
in a thin-walled tube. Arch Appl Mech 2001;71(6/7):359–70.
127. Zhang L, et al. Evaluation of local thinned pressurized elbows. Int
J Press Vess Piping 2001;78(10):697–703.
128. STR, Zhao W. Finite element analysis and statistical modeling of
pipeline rehabilitation liners with material imperfections. PhD Thesis,
Louisiana Tech Univ 2003.
A.2. Stability problem (STA)
1. Bastard AH, Bell M. Evaluation of buckle arrestor concepts for
reeled pipe-in-pipe. Int Conf Offshore Mech Arctic Engng, Rio de
Janeiro. New York: ASME 2001;283–90.
2. Da Costa AM, et al. An engineering solution to the problem of thermal
buckling of heated pipelines buried in soft clay. Pipes Pipelines Int
2003;48(1):19–31.
3. Dorey AB. Critical buckling strains in energy pipelines. PhD Thesis,
Univ of Alberta, Canada, 2001.
4. Dorey AB, et al. Material property effects on critical buckling strains in
energy pipelines. 4th Int Pipeline Conf, Calgary. New York: ASME
2002;475–84.
5. Einsfeld RA, et al. Buckling analysis of high-temperature pressurized
pipelines with solid–structure interaction. J Brazil Soc Mech Sci 2003;
25(2):164–9.
6. EI-Sawy KM, Elshafei AL. Neural network for the estimation of the
inelastic buckling pressure of loosely fitted liners used for rigid pipe
rehabilitation. Thin-Wall Struct 2003;41(8):785–800.
7. Guarracino F. On the analysis of cylindrical tubes under flexure:
theoretical formulations experimental data and finite element analyses.
Thin-Wall Struct 2003;41(2/3):127–47.
8. Hoo Fatt MS, Xue J. Propagating buckles in corroded pipelines. Marine
Struct 2001;14(6):571–92.
9. Karagiozova D, Jones N. Dynamic buckling of elastic–plastic square
tubes under axial impact—II: structural response. Int J Impact Engng
2004;30(2):167–92.
10. Karamanos SA. Bending instabilities of elastic tubes. Int J Solids Struct
2002;39(8):2059–85.
11. Lin P, et al. Application of plastic buckling of pipes to a structural
fastening system. Trans Jpn Soc Mech Engng, Ser A 2003;69(12):
1753–60.
12. Lin P, et al. Application of plastic buckling of pipes with flange to a
structural fastening system. Trans Jpn Soc Mech Engng, Ser A 2004;
70(5):749–55.
13. Ma W, et al. Effects of lateral stability on the design of HT/HP
flowlines. Int Conf Offshore Mech Arctic Engng, Oslo. New York:
ASME 2002;81–6.
14. Miyazaki M, Negishi H. Influence of geometrical initial imperfection
on dynamic axial compressive deformation of aluminum square tubes.
J Jpn Inst Light Met 2002;52(7):313–7.
15. Mohareb M, et al. Testing analysis of steel pipe segments. J Transport
Engng 2001;127(5):408–17.
16. Mork KJ, et al. Collapse buckling design aspects of titanium alloy
pipes. Int Conf Offshore Mech Arctic Engng, Rio de Janeiro. New
York: ASME 2001;185–94.
17. Murase K, et al. Transition of plastic buckling modes for circular tubes
subjected to an impact axial compressive load. J Soc Mater Sci Jpn
2001;50(7):739–44.
18. Newman KR. Finite element analysis of coiled tubing forces. Coiled
Tubing Conf Exhib, Houston. SPE 2004;139–47.
19. Olso E, Kyriakides S. Internal ring buckle arrestor for pipe-in-pipe
systems. Int J Non-Linear Mech 2003;38(2):267–84.
20. Sriskandarajah T, et al. Dynamic versus static lateral buckling of
subsea pipelines. Int Offshore Polar Engng Conf, Stavanger
2001;185–91.
21. Suzuki N, et al. Effects of a strain hardening exponent on inelastic local
buckling strength and mechanical properties of line pipes. Int Conf
Offshore Mech Arctic Engng, Rio de Janeiro. New York: ASME
2001;99–106.
22. Suzuki N, et al. Local buckling behavior of X100 linepipes. Int
Conf Offshore Mech Arctic Engng, Cancun. New York: ASME
2003;67–76.
23. Tafreshi A. Buckling post-buckling analysis of composite cylindrical
shells with cutouts subjected to internal pressure and axial compression
loads. Int J Press Vess Piping 2002;79(5):351–9.
24. Tutuncu I. Compressive load and buckling response of steel pipelines
during earthquakes. PhD Thesis, Cornell Univ 2001.
25. Vaziri A, et al. Buckling of cracked cylindrical shells with internal
pressure subjected to an axial load. ASME Press Vess Piping Conf,
PVP 2002;451:73–80.
26. Vaziri A, et al. Buckling of the composite cracked cylindrical shells
subjected to axial load. ASME Int Mech Engng Cong, PVP 2003;470:
87–93.
27. Wang B, Lu G. Mushrooming of circular tubes under dynamic axial
loading. Thin-Wall Struct 2002;40(2):167–82.
28. Xue J, et al. Buckle propagation in pipelines with non-uniform
thickness. Ocean Engng 2001;28(10):1383–92.
29. Yatabe H, et al. Effects of mechanical properties on the deformability
of high grade linepipe. Int Conf Offshore Mech Arctic Engng, Rio de
Janeiro. New York: ASME 2001;77–84.
30. Zhao Q, et al. Numerical simulation of creep-induced buckling
of thin-walled pipe liners. J Press Vess Tech, ASME 2001;123(3):
373–80.
31. Zhao Y, Teng JG. Buckling experiments on cone–cylinder intersec-
tions under internal pressure. J Engng Mech, ASCE 2001;127(12):
1231–9.
32. Zhao Y, Teng JG. A stability design proposal for cone–cylinder
intersections under internal pressure. Int J Press Vess Piping 2003;
80(5):297–309.
J. Mackerle / International Journal of Pressure Vessels and Piping 82 (2005) 571–592578
A.3. Thermal problem (THE)
1. Alawadhi EM. Thermal insulation using phase change material. ASME
Int Mech Engng Cong, HTD 2003;374:273–9.
2. Allam MA, et al. Tube-to-tubesheet joints: maximum tensile stress and
contact pressure due to thermal loading and temperature cycling. Int
Joint Power Gener Conf, Scottsdale. New York: ASME 2002;51–62.
3. Augutis V, Gailius D. A test method for the evaluation of the heat
insulation layer of heat supply pipes. Insight: Non-Destr Test Cond
Monit 2001;43(6):390–3.
4. Basavaraju C, Fox RC. Temperature attenuation along pipe support
stanchions. ASME Press Vess Piping Conf, PVP 2002;440:45–58.
5. Bass BR, et al. Overview of the international comparative assessment
study of pressurized thermal shock in reactor pressure vessels(RPV
PTS ICAS). Int J Press Vess Piping 2001;78(2/3):197–211.
6. Bezdikian G, et al. French RPV assessment—contribution of expertises
in mechanical analyses. ASME Press Vess Piping Conf, PVP 2002;
443:59–71.
7. Bilir S. Transient conjugated heat transfer in pipes involving two-
dimensional wall and axial fluid conduction. Int J Heat Mass Transf
2002;45(8):1781–8.
8. Bonn R, et al. Temperature and residual stress fields in an austenitic
circumferential pipe weld. ASME Press Vess Piping Conf, PVP 2002;
434:55–62.
9. Broyles RK. Bellows design equations supported by limit analysis.
ASME Press Vess Piping Conf, PVP 2003;458:27–34.
10. Budden PJ. Validation of the high-temperature structural integrity
procedure R5 by component testing. Int J Press Vess Piping 2003;
80(7/8):517–26.
11. Bugat S, et al. Assessment of the French reactor pressure vessel
integrity in PTS conditions thermalhydraulic and thermomechanical
studies of the small break LOCA. ASME Press Vess Piping Conf, PVP
2002;443:79–89.
12. Cardella A. Analytical methodology and boundary problem for
computing temperature and thermal stresses in tubes. Heat Technol
2002;20(1):61–7.
13. Carucci VA, et al. Recommendations for design of vessels for elevated
temperature service. Weld Res Counc Bull No. 470 2002;21.
14. Chattopadhyay S. Structural evaluation of a piping system subject to
thermal stratification. ASME Press Vess Piping Conf, PVP 2002;440:
59–65.
15. Chen HF, Ponter ARS. Integrity assessment for a tubeplate using the
linear matching method. Int J Press Vess Piping 2004;81(4):327–36.
16. Comini G, Croce G. Connective heat and mass transfer in tube-fin
exchangers under dehumidifying conditions. Num Heat Transf A 2001;
40(6):579–99.
17. Comini G, Croce G. Numerical simulation of convective heat and mass
transfer in banks of tubes. Int J Num Meth Engng 2003;57(12):
1755–73.
18. Da Costa AM, et al. An engineering solution to the problem of thermal
buckling of heated pipelines buried in soft clay. Pipes Pipelines Int
2003;48(1):19–31.
19. Gabrielaitiene I, et al. Analysis of fluid flow and heat transfer in district
heating pipelines using the finite element method. Heat Transf VII.
Southampton: WIT Press 2002;13–22.
20. Hagihara S, Miyazaki N. Finite element analysis for local creep of a
tube coolant piping system in light water reactor due to local heating
under severe accident condition. ASME Press Vess Piping Conf, PVP
2002;440:25–32.
21. Han LH. Fire performance of concrete filled steel tubular beam-
columns. J Constr Steel Res 2001;57(6):697–711.
22. Hari Y. Finite element analysis and design of an annular tank. ASME
Press Vess Piping Conf, PVP 2003;453:187–94.
23. Hari Y, et al. Qualification of a jacketed vessel using finite element
analysis. ASME Press Vess Piping Conf, PVP 2003;469:175–82.
24. Hayashi M, et al. Thermal fatigue crack initiation and arrest behavior in
labyrinth structure subjected to temperature fluctuation in pure water.
Trans Jpn Soc Mech Engng, Ser A 2002;68(6):969–76.
25. Islamoglu Y. Finite element model for thermal analysis of ceramic heat
exchanger tube under axial non-uniform convective heat transfer
coefficient. Mater Des 2004;25(6):479–82.
26. Jen TC, Jadhav R. Thermal management of a heat-pipe drill—a FEM
analysis. ASME Summer Heat Transf Conf, Las Vegas. New York:
ASME 2003;95–102.
27. Jian Su, Da Silva Neto AJ. Simultaneous estimation of inlet
temperature and wall heat flux in turbulent circular pipe flow. Numer
Heat Transf A 2001;40(7):751–66.
28. Jo JC, et al. Numerical analysis of unsteady conjugate heat transfer and
thermal stress for a PWR pressurized surge line pipe subject to thermal
stratification. ASME Press Vess Piping Conf, PVP 2002;435:121–31.
29. Jorge RMN, Fernandes AA. Design of a steam-heated sterilizer based
on finite element method stress analysis. Int J Press Vess Piping 2001;
78(9):627–35.
30. Keim E, et al. Life management of reactor pressure vessels under
pressurized thermal shock loading: deterministic procedure and
application to Western type of reactors. Int J Press Vess Piping 2001;
78(2/3):85–98.
31. Kim JK, et al. Thermal analysis of hydration heat in concrete structures
with pipe-cooling system. Comput Structures 2001;79(2):163–71.
32. Kim JS, et al. Investigation on constraint effect of reactor pressure
vessel under pressurized thermal shock. Nuclear Engng Des 2003;
219(3):197–206.
33. Lassesen S, Woll F. Compact flanged connections for high temperature
applications. ASME Press Vess Piping Conf, PVP 2002;433:105–14.
34. Law M, et al. Modelling creep of pressure vessels with thermal
gradients using theta projection data. Int J Press Vess Piping 2002;
79(12):847–51.
35. Lee TJ, et al. A parametric study on pressure–temperature limit curve
using 3-D finite element analyses. Nuclear Engng Des 2002;214(1/2):
73–81.
36. Lidbury DPG, et al. Key features arising from structural analysis of the
NESC-1 PTS benchmark experiment. Int J Press Vess Piping 2001;
78(2/3):225–36.
37. Majumdar S. Structural analysis of electrosleeved tubes under severe
accident transients. Nuclear Engng Des 2001;208(2):167–79.
38. Mallick K. Thermo-micromechanics of microcracking in a cryogenic
pressure vessel. 44th Str Sbr Dyn Mater Conf, Norfolk. Washington,
DC: ALAA; 2003 pp. 3320–9.
39. Marie S. Analytical expression of the thermal stresses in a vessel or
pipe with cladding submitted to any thermal transient. Int J Press Vess
Piping 2004;81(4):303–12.
40. Martin A, et al. Assessment of the French reactor pressure vessel
integrity in PTS conditions. Thermalhydraulic and thermomechanical
studies. ASME Press Vess Piping Conf, PVP 2002;443:79–89.
41. Masson R, et al. RPV structural integrity assessment during a PTS
event: application of an extended Beremin model consistent with WPS
test results. ASME Press Vess Piping Conf, PVP 2002;443:51–6.
42. Moinereau D, et al. Methodology for the pressurized thermal shock
evaluation: recent improvements in French RPV PTS assessment. Int
J Press Vess Piping 2001;78(2/3):69–83.
43. Mokamati SV, Prasad RC. Transient-based technique for the evalua-
tion of overall heat transfer coefficient in a concentric tube heat
exchanger. Int J Heat Exchangers 2004;5(1):15–28.
44. Mwanangonze H, et al. Coefficient of thermal expansion characteriz-
ation for plain polyethylene pipe. ASCE Int Conf Pipeline Engng
Constr, Baltimore. New York: ASCE 2003;1302–11.
45. Nicolas L, et al. Results of benchmark calculations based on OLHF-1
test. Nuclear Engng Des 2003;223(3):263–77.
46. Nielsen AH, Smith GH. Thermomechanical analysis of insulated
subsea flowlines. Proc Inst Mech Engng, Part M 2004;218(2):77–91.
J. Mackerle / International Journal of Pressure Vessels and Piping 82 (2005) 571–592 579
47. Peniguel C, et al. Presentation of a numerical 3D approach to tackle
thermal stripping in a PWR nuclear T-junction. ASME Press Vess
Piping Conf, PVP 2003;469:125–32.
48. Penso Mula JA. Fundamental study of failure mechanisms of pressure
vessels under thermo-mechanical cycling in multiphase environments.
PhD Thesis, The Ohio State Univ 2001.
49. Quandir GA, et al. Modeling of wire-on-tube heat exchangers using
finite element method. Finite Elem Anal Des 2002;38(5):417–34.
50. Rahimi M, et al. Thermal stresses in boiler tubes arising from high-
speed cleaning jets. Int J Mech Sci 2003;45(6/7):995–1009.
51. Rouillon Y. French RPV assessment-contribution of expertises in
mechanical analyses. ASME Press Vess Piping Conf, PVP, New York:
ASME; 2002;443:59–71.
52. Sandberg C, et al. Analysis for arctic valve heat tracing require-
ments. Petrol Chem Indust Tech Conf, New Orleans. IEEE 2002;
2002:203–8.
53. Sandberg C, et al. Analysis for arctic valve heat tracing requirements.
IEEE Trans Ind Appl 2003;39(5):1462–6.
54. Sarma GB, et al. Modeling studies to predict stresses in composite floor
tubes of black liquor recovery boilers. J Engng Mater Technol, ASME
2001;123(3):349–54.
55. Sato T. Contribution of structural analysis to LNG plant design. 14th
Int Conf Exhib Liquef Nat Gas. GTI 2004;1005–15.
56. Scliffer L, et al. Simulation of the pressure equipment behavior under
thermal loading sealing application. ASME Press Vess Piping Conf,
PVP 2002;433:67–74.
57. Segall AE. Transient analysis of thick-walled piping under polynomial
thermal loading. Nuclear Engng Des 2003;226(3):183–91.
58. Seipp TG, Reichert C. Thermal mixing points: a thermomechanical
stress FEA procedure. ASME Press Vess Piping Conf, PVP 2002;440:
17–24.
59. Sherry AH, et al. Developments in local approach methodology with
application to the analysis re-analysis of the NESC-1 PTS benchmark
experiment. Int J Press Vess Piping 2001;78(2/3):237–49.
60. Stone HBJ, et al. Modelling of accelerated pipe freezing. Chem Engng
Res Des 2004;82(10):1353–9.
61. Suresh K, et al. Tubular structure deformation under the thermal
loads of two fluids. ASME Press Vess Piping Conf, PVP 2002;448:
103–9.
62. Taagepera J, et al. Three turnaround heat treating studies. ASME Press
Vess Piping Conf, PVP 2003;459:101–6.
63. Tuma JV, Kranjc J. The temperature distribution in the superheater
tube. Ingenieurwesen/Engng Res 2001;66(4):153–6.
64. Webb RL, Iyengar A. Oval finned tube condenser and design pressure
limits. J Enh Heat Transf 2001;8(3):147–58.
65. Williams DK, Seipp TG. Considerations in the design and analysis of
an ASME Section VIII. Div 2 reactor support skirt. ASME Press Vess
Piping Conf, PVP 2003;469:167–74.
66. Willschutz HG, et al. Analysis and insight about FE-calculations of the
EC-forever-experiments. 10th Int Conf Nucl Engng, IE 2002;10:
595–601.
67. Xin N, Li PJ. Application of pressure vessel design with non-uniform
temperature distribution. ASME Press Vess Piping Conf, PVP 2001;
430:35–9.
68. Yamamoto Y, et al. Verification of alternative stress evaluation criteria
and code elastic limits for primary plus secondary stress. ASME Press
Vess Piping Conf, PVP 2001;419:25–32.
69. Yamamoto Y, et al. Evaluation of thermal stress ratchet in plastic FEA.
ASME Press Vess Piping Conf, PVP 2002;439:3–10.
70. Yao X, et al. Transient temperature and internal stress analysis of
quenched centric and eccentric cylindrical tubes. Z Metallkd 2003;
94(1):60–6.
71. Youm HK, et al. Fatigue effect of RCS branch line by thermal
stratification. ASME Press Vess Piping Conf, PVP 2003;454:61–7.
72. Zheng B, et al. Combined turbulent forced convection and thermal
radiation in a curved pipe with uniform wall temperature. Nat Heat
Transf Conf, Anaheim. New York: ASME 2001;1627–36.
73. Zheng B, et al. Combined turbulent forced convection and thermal
radiation in a curved pipe with uniform wall temperature. Numer Heat
Transf A 2003;44(2):149–67.
74. Zucca S, et al. Faster on-line calculation of thermal stresses by time
integration. Int J Press Vess Piping 2004;81(5):393–9.
A.4. Fracture mechanics problems (FRA)
1. Abdullah Z, et al. A study of flow induced vibration failures in a large
heat exchanger. ASME Press Vess Piping Conf, PVP 2001;420:1–6.
2. Abou-Hanna J, et al. Prediction of crack coalescence of steam
generator tubes in nuclear power plants. Nuclear Engng Des 2004;
229(2/3):175–87.
3. Acharyya S, et al. The effect of non-crack component on critical
fracture energy of ductile material. Int J Press Vess Piping 2004;
81(4):345–53.
4. Ahn SH, et al. Fracture behavior of straight pipe and elbow with local
wall thinning. Nuclear Engng Des 2002;211(2/3):91–103.
5. Aktaa J, et al. Limit strains for impact loads. First experimental results
of a European research program. Struct Shock Impact VII. South-
ampton:WIT Press 2002;447–56.
6. Alkoles OMS, et al. Ellipticity ratio effects in the energy absorption of
axially crushed composite tubes. Appl Compos Mater 2003;10(6):
339–63.
7. Allam M, Bazergui A. Axial strength of tube-to-tubesheet joints:
finite element and experimental evaluations. J Press Vess Tech,
ASME 2002;124(1):22–31.
8. Alves JL, Roehl D. Numerical evaluation of load capacity of corroded
pipes. ASCE Int Conf Pipeline Engng Constr; Baltimore. New York:
ASCE 2003;1228–37.
9. Andersen A, et al. Protection against high-energy line breaks in
WWER power plants. Nuclear Engng Des 2001;206(2/3):119–28.
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60. Schwarz MM. Flexibility analysis of the vessel-piping interface. Int
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61. Senike WH. A dynamic investigation of piping systems with a bolted
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62. Singh RK. Numerical simulation of residual stresses in pressure
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63. Skopinsky VN, Smetankin AB. Parametric study of reinforcement of
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64. Srinivasan G, Lehnhoff TF. Bolt head fillet stress concentration factors
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65. Takaki T, Fukuoka T. Finite element analyses of bolt-up operations for
pipe flange connections. ASME Press Vess Piping Conf, PVP 2001;
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66. Takaki T, Fukuoka T, Systematical FE. analysis of bolt assembly
process of pipe flange connections. ASME Press Vess Piping Conf,
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67. Takaki T, Fukuoka T. Three-dimensional finite element analysis of
pipe flange connections-the case of using compressed asbestos sheet
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68. Takaki T, Fukuoka T. Finite element simulation of the dissassembly
process of pipe flange connections. Trans Jpn Soc Mech Engng, Ser A
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69. Takaki T, Fukuoka T. Effective bolt-up procedure of pipe flange
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70. Takaki T, Fukuoka T. Three-dimensional finite element analysis of
pipe flange connections(in case of using compressed asbestos sheet
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71. Takaki T, Fukuoka T. Methodical guideline for bolt-up operation of
pipe flange connections(a case using sheet gasket and spiral wound
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72. Wang X, Zheng J. Safety assessment of the junction between a thick
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73. Xuan FZ, et al. Evaluation of plastic limit load of piping branch
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76. Yu S, et al. Sealing behavior of the HTR-10 pressure vessel flanges.
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77. Zhao JQ, et al. Effect of eccentricity and bonding on behaviour of
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78. Zhu M, Hall DE. Creep induced contact and stress evolution in thin-
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A.6. Fluid–structure interaction problems (FLU)
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3. De Medeiros JL, et al. A dynamic modeling of pipeline networks for
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5. Jeng DS. Numerical modeling for wave-seabed-pipe interaction in a
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6. Jeng DS, Postma PF. Finite element analysis of an offshore pipeline
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7. Kochupillai J, et al. Model reduction for parametric instability analysis
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8. Lafon P, et al. Aeroacoustical coupling in a ducted shallow cavity and
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12. Miliou A. Fluid dynamic loading on curved riser pipes. J Offshore
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15. Schramm K. Integrity of a curved divider plate in steam generator of
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16. Shu D, et al. Investigation of pressure in pipe subjected to axial-
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17. Sinha JK, et al. Finite element simulation of dynamic behavior of open-
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18. Somashekhar SH, et al. FE approach: electro-mechanical-fluid
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19. Sreejith B, et al. Finite element analysis of fluid–structure interaction in
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20. Suresh K, et al. Tubular structure deformation under the thermal loads
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7. Aue-U-Lan Y, et al. Optimizing tube hydroforming using process
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8. Bellet M, et al. Application of the arbitrary Eulerian Lagrangian finite
element formulation to the thermomechanical simulation of casting
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9. Bezdikian G, et al. PWR nuclear power plant reactor vessel and
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10. Boudeau N, et al. Influence of material and process parameters on the
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11. Carroll N, McElhaney M. Optimization of a rotationally molded
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12. Cherouat A, et al. Numerical improvement of thin tubes hydroforming
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13. Chiba N, et al. Residual stress of thin-wall pipe subjected to
axisymmetric plastic expansion. ASME Press Vess Piping Conf, PVP
2002;440:213–20.
14. Cho JH, et al. Deformation texture of cold drawn A16063 tube. Mater
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15. Davies RW, et al. Anisotropic yield locus evolution during cold
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2002;124(2):125–34.
16. Dvorkin EN, Toscano RG. Finite element models in the steel industry.
Part II: Analyses of tubular products performance. Computers and
Structures 2003;81(8/11):575–94.
17. Fann KJ, Hsiao PY. Optimization of loading conditions for tube
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18. Fukuda N, et al. Experimental and analytical study of cold-bending
process for pipelines. Int Conf Offshore Mech Arctic. Engng, Rio de
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19. Fukuda N, et al. Experimental and analytical study of cold bending
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20. Gao L, et al. Classification and analysis of tube hydroforming
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21. Gelin JC, Labergere C. Application of optimal design and control
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22. Guan Y. Constitutive modeling for polycrystalline aluminum alloy
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23. Gupta NK, et al. A study of fold formation in axisymmetric axial
collapse of round tubes. Int J Impact Engng 2001;27(1):87–117.
24. Hama T, et al. Analysis of hydrostatic tube bulging with cylindrical
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25. Hao N, Li L. Finite element analysis of laser tube bending process.
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26. Hsu QC. Theoretical and experimental study on the hydroforming of
bifurcation tube. J Mater Process Technol 2003;142(2):367–73.
27. Huang YM. Finite element analysis of tube flaring process with a
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587–96.
29. Huang YM, Huang YM. An elasto-plastic finite element analysis of
the axisymmetric tube-nosing process with a conical tool. Key Engng
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30. Huh H, et al. Optimization of a roller levelling process for A17001T9
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31. Hwang YM, Altan T. Finite element analysis of tube hydroforming
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32. Hwang YM, Altan T. Process fusion: tube hydroforming and crushing
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33. Hwang YM, Chen WC. Analysis and finite element simulation of tube
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34. Hwang YM, Lin YK. Analysis and finite element simulation of the
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35. Hwang YM, Lin YK. FE-simulations of T-shape tube hydroforming.
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36. Imaninejad M, et al. Experimental and numerical investigation of
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J Mater Process Technol 2004;147(2):247–54.
37. Jain N, et al. Finite element analysis of dual hydroforming processes.
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38. Jirathearanat S. Advanced methods for finite element simulation for
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39. Jirathearanat S, et al. Hydroforming of Y-shapes-product and process
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40. Jo HH, et al. Prediction of welding pressure in the non-steady state
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41. Jo HH, et al. Determination of welding pressure in the non-steady-
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42. Johnson KI, et al. A numerical process control method for circular-
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43. Kim KJ, et al. Investigation into the improvement of welding strength
in three-dimensional extrusion of tubes using porthole dies. J Mater
Process Technol 2002;130-131:426–31.
44. Kim N, et al. Prediction and design of edge shape of initial strip for
thick tube roll forming using finite element method. J Mater Process
Technol 2003;142(2):479–86.
45. Koc M. Investigation of the effect of loading path and variation in
material properties on robustness of the tube hydroforming process.
J Mater Process Technol 2003;133(3):276–81.
46. Koc M. Tribological issues in the tube hydroforming process-
selection of a lubricant for robust conditions for an automotive
structural frame part. J Manuf Sci Engng, ASME 2003;125(3):
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47. Koc M, Altan T. Application of two dimensional (2D) FEA for the
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48. Koc M, et al. On the characteristics of tubular materials for
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49. Kridli GT, et al. Investigation of thickness variation and comer filling
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50. Kwan CT. An analysis of the eccentric nosing process of metal tubes.
J Mater Process Technol 2003;140(1/3):530–4.
51. Kwan CT, et al. Die shape design for T-shape tube hydroforming. Int
J Adv Manuf Tech 2004;23(3/4):169–75.
52. Kwan CT, et al. An analysis of the nosing process of metal tubes. Int
J Adv Manuf Tech 2004;23(3/4):190–6.
53. Lang L, et al. A study on numerical simulation of hydroforming of
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54. Lee H. Bending analysis of oval tubes and optimization of boost
system in rotary draw bender for hydroforming applications. PhD
Thesis, Colorado School of Mines 2004.
55. Lee HT, et al. Fixtures design for controlling distortion of pressure
vessel during fabrication. ASME Int Mech Engng Cong; PVP 2003;
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56. Lee JW, et al. Determination of forming limit of a structural
aluminum tube in rubber pad bending. J Mater Process Technol 2003;
140(1/3):487–93.
57. Lee SH, et al. Cylindrical tube optimization using response surface
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58. Lee SH, et al. Comparative crash simulations incorporating the results
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59. Lee SW. Study on the forming parameters of the metal bellows.
J Mater Process Technol 2002;130-131:47–53.
60. Li B, et al. Reliability analysis of the tube hydroforming process
based on forming limit diagram. ASME Press Vess Piping Conf, PVP
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61. Li C, et al. Numerical simulation of the magnetic pressure in tube
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62. Lin FC, Kwan CT. Investigation of T-shape tube hydroforming with
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63. Lin FC, Kwan CT. Application of abductive network and FEM to
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64. Lu YH. Study of tube flaring ratio and strain rate in the tube flaring
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65. Ma WQ, et al. Extrusion die CAE of the steel reinforced plastic pipe.
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66. Mac Donald BJ, Hashmi MSJ. Analysis of die behaviour during bulge
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67. Manabe KI, Amino M. Effects of process parameters and material
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68. Martin J. Methods, models and assumptions used in finite element
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69. Miller JE, Kyriakides S. Three-dimensional effects of the bend-stretch
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70. Mimaki M, et al. Optimal control analysis of induction heating for
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72. Nagarnachi T, et al. Effect of pass schedule on cross-sectional shapes
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75. Ngaile G, et al. Lubrication in tube hydroforming(THF) Part II:
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76. Nguyen B, et al. Analysis of tube free hydroforming using an inverse
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79. Qi LH, et al. Simulation of liquid infiltration and semi-solid extrusion
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80. Rama SC, et al. A two-dimensional approach for simulation of
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81. Rosa PA, et al. Internal inversion of thin-walled tubes using a die:
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82. Rosa PAR, et al. External inversion of thin-walled tubes using a die:
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83. Shih CK, et al. A study on seamless tube in the planetary rolling
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4. Bonn R, et al. Temperature and residual stress fields in an austenitic
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5. Bouchard PJ, Bradford RAW. Validated axial residual stress profiles
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6. Chas G, Faidy C. Structural integrity of bi-metallic welds in piping
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7. Chauhan V, Feng Z. Pipeline girth weld residual stresses and the effects
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8. Dong P, Hong JK. Analysis of IIW X/XV RSDP Phase I round-robin
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21. Hyde TH, et al. Effect of geometry change on the creep failure life of a
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22. Hyde TH, et al. Creep properties and failure assessment of new and
fully repaired P91 pipe welds at 923 K. Proc Inst Mech Engng, Part L
2004;218(3):211–22.
23. Ibekwe S, et al. Shear strength characteristics of an ultrasonic welded
lap shear joint. ETCE, Houston; PD 2. New York: ASME 2002;2002:
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J. Mackerle / International Journal of Pressure Vessels and Piping 82 (2005) 571–592590
24. Iyer S, et al. On the response of the tubesheet assembly in CANDU
steam generators during welding and PWHT processes. ASME Press
Vess Piping Conf, PVP 2001;417:91–100.
25. Jin X, et al. Study on H2S stress corrosion test of welded joint for X65
pipeline steel and numerical analysis. China Weld 2004;13(1):21–6.
26. Jo HH, et al. Prediction of welding pressure in the non-steady state
porthole die extrusion of A17003 tubes. Int J Mach Tools Manuf 2002;
42(6):753–9.
27. Jo HH, et al. Determination of welding pressure in the non-steady-state
porthole die extrusion of improved A17003 hollow section tubes.
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29. Kim KJ, et al. Investigation into the improvement of welding strength
in three-dimensional extrusion of tubes using porthole dies. J Mater
Process Technol 2002;130-131:426–31.
30. Kim SY, et al. A proper groove design for distortion control of the
multi-pass weldment at pressure vessel. ASME Int Mech Engng Cong;
PVP 2003;470:71–7.
31. Kim WS, et al. The effects of heat input and gas flow rate on weld
integrity for sleeve repair welding of in-service gas pipelines. 4th Int
Pipeline Conf, Calgary. New York: ASME 2002;1483–92.
32. Kockelmann H, et al. Temperature and residual stress fields in an
austenitic circumferential pipe weld. ASME Press Vess Piping; PVP
2002;434:55–62.
33. Kostylev VI, et al. Investigation of residual stresses caused by welding,
cladding and tempering of reactor pressure vessels. ASME Press Vess
Piping Conf, PVP 2003;464:3–10.
34. Lazor R, et al. Modeling of pipeline repair sleeves. 4th Int Pipeline
Conf, Calgary. New York: ASME 2002;1991–5.
35. Li G, et al. Joining composite pipes using hybrid prepreg welding and
adhesive bonding. Polymer Compos 2003;24(6):697–705.
36. Lin FY. Ultrasonic testing on two dimensional saddle-like weld via
FEA method. Int SAMPE Tech Conf, Long Beach 2004;1995–2005.
37. Lu H, et al. Criteria for heated band width based on through-thickness
temperature distribution-numerical study on local PWHT of butt
welded pipe(Rep 1). Q J Jpn Weld Soc 2001;19(3):416–23.
38. Madi Y, et al. Fracture behavior of mis-matched dissimilar welds:
numerical simulation using local approach. ASME Press Vess Piping
Conf, PVP 2002;434:11–16.
39. Otegui JL, et al. Influence of multiple sleeve repairs on the structural
integrity of gas pipelines. Int J Press Vess Piping 2002;79(11):759–65.
40. Patel RD. Creep life assessment of welded trunnion and branch
components using the R5 procedure. Int J Press Vess Piping 2003;
80(10):695–704.
41. Sabapathy PN, et al. Numerical models of in-service welding of gas
pipelines. J Mater Process Technol 2001;118(1/3):14–21.
42. Sabapathy PN, et al. Numerical methods to predict failure during the
in-service welding of gas pipelines. J Strain Anal Engng Des 2001;
36(6):611–20.
43. Sablik MJ, et al. Finite element modeling of magnetoacoustic emission
and of stress-induced magnetic effects at seam welds in steel pipes.
J Appl Phys 2001;89(11):6731–3.
44. Thorwald GV, Anderson TL. Finite element case study of local stress
effects in long seam welded piping. Weld Res Counc; Bull; No. 475
2002;1–135.
45. Thorwald GV, et al. Effect of materials and geometrical variables on
creep behaviour of welds. Weld World 2003;47(5/6):15–31.
46. Wang YY, et al. Development of a FAD-based girth weld ECA
procedure Part I Theoretical framework. 4th Int Pipeline Conf,
Calgary. New York: ASME 2002;1717–26.
47. Wang YY. A preliminary strain-based design criterion for pipeline
girth welds. 4th Int Pipeline Conf, Calgary. New York: ASME
2002;415–27.
48. Wen SW, Farrugia DCJ. Finite element modelling of residual stress in
pipe welds. Strain 2001;37(1):15–18.
49. Wilkins JK. Verification of a finite element analysis procedure for
modelling the nonlinear monotonic in-plane behavior of 4 inch
schedule 10 steel elbows. ASME Press Vess Piping Conf, PVP 2003;
464:159–66.
50. Xuan FZ, et al. Plastic limit load of welded piping branch junctions
under internal pressure. Nuclear Engng Des 2003;224(1):1–9.
A.9. Development of special finite elements for pressure
vessels and pipes (ELE)
1. Anderson TL, Brown GW. Special finite elements for piping elbows
and bends at high temperatures with creep. Weld Res Counc Bull; No.
482 2003;1–23.
2. Asada S, et al. Application of shell elements to collapse load analysis.
ASME Press Vess Piping Conf, PVP 2003;453:61–8.
3. Christoforidis GC, et al. Induced voltages and currents on gas pipelines
with imprefect coatings due to faults in a nearby transmission line.
IEEE Porto Power Tech Proc 2001;4:1–6.
4. Damousis IG, et al. A fuzzy logic system for calculation of the
interference of overhead transmission lines on buried pipelines. Electr
Power Syst Res 2001;57(2):105–13.
5. El-Abbasi N, et al. Three-dimensional finite element analysis of saddle
supported pressure vessels. Int J Mech Sci 2001;43(5):1229–42.
6. Fonseca E, et al. A new finite element for generalized in-plane pipe
loading. experimental and numerical comparison. Comput Engng IV.
Southampton: WIT Press 2003;651–60.
7. Greer JM, Palazotto AN. Nonlinear through-thickness behavior of a
toroidal shell using 2-D finite elements. ASME Int Mech Engng Cong
Expo; AMD 2001;249:305–17.
8. Horr AM, Safi M. Full dynamic analysis of offshore platform using
exact Timoshenko pipe element. J Offshore Mech Arctic Engng,
ASME 2003;125(3):168–75.
9. Maincon P, et al. An efficient finite element for the study of drag chains
for a floating pipeline. Int Conf Offshore Mech Arctic Engng, Oslo.
New York: ASME 2002;11–16.
10. Martinez C, Goncalves R. Laying modeling of submarine pipelines
using contact elements into a corotational formulation. ASME Press
Vess Piping Conf, PVP 2001;432:89–94.
11. Martinez CE, Goncalves R. Laying modeling of submarine pipelines
using contact elements into a corotational formulation. J Offshore
Mech Arctic Engng, ASME 2003;125(2):145–52.
12. Thomas JC, Wielgosz C. Deflections of highly inflated fabric tubes.
Thin-Wall Struct 2004;42(7):1049–66.
13. Xue M, Ding Y. Two kinds of tube elements for transient thermal-
structural analysis of large space structures. Int J Num Meth Engng
2004;59(10):1335–53.
14. Zhao Q, et al. Numerical simulation of creep-induced buckling of thin-
walled pipe liners. J Press Vess Tech, ASME 2001;123(3):373–80.
A.10. Finite element software (SOF)
1. Baloch A, et al. Simulation of pressure- and tube-tooling wire-coating
flows through distributed computation. Int J Num Meth Heat Fluid Flow
2002;12(4):458–93.
2. Basha SM, et al. Assessment of ultimate load capacity for pre-stressed
concrete containment vessel model of PWR design with BARC code
ULCA. 10th Int Conf Nucl Engng, ICONE 2002;10:551–61.
3. Basha SM, et al. Predictions of ultimate load capacity for pre-stressed
concrete containment vessel model with BARC finite element code
ULCA. Ann Nucl Energy 2003;30(4):437–71.
4. Martin A, Bellet S. CFD-tool for thermal-hydraulics pressurised thermal
shock analysis. Qualification of the finite element code N3S. ASME
Press Vess Piping Conf, PVP 2001;431:147–53.
J. Mackerle / International Journal of Pressure Vessels and Piping 82 (2005) 571–592 591
5. Osage DA. The development of a new pressure vessel code for ASME.
ASME Press Vess Piping Conf, PVP 2001;419:215–6.
6. Shioya R, et al. Large scale finite element analysis with a balancing
domain decomposition method. Key Engng Mater 2003;243-244:21–6.
7. Weber J. PC Software for the lifetime assessment of pipe bends in the
creep range. VGB Power Tech 2004;84(7):60–5.
8. Zeng X, et al. Mechanics of offshore pipelines in several operating states
and analyzing software. Int Conf Offshore Mech Arctic Engng, Oslo.
New York: ASME 2002;73–80.
A.11. Other topics (OTH)
1. Attia G, Bayoumi S. Effect of side excavation on the structural
behavior of existing pipelines. J Engng Appl Sci 2002;49(3):475–92.
2. Bai KJ, et al. Wave diffraction forces acting on a pipe in a sediment
pocket. Int Conf Offshore Mech Arctic Engng, Rio de Janeiro. New
York: ASME 2001;1035–42.
3. Basavaraju C, Fox RC. Relaxed hanger spans for non-critical piping.
ASME Press Vess Piping Conf, PVP 2003;469:15–33.
4. Bjornoy OH, Marley MJ. Assessment of corroded pipelines: past,
present and future. 11th Int Offshore Polar Engng Conf, Stavanger
2001;93–101.
5. Brachman RWI, Krushelnitzky RP. Stress concentrations around
circular holes in perforated drainage pipes. Geosynth Int 2002;9(2):
189–213.
6. Bransby MF, et al. Numerical and centrifuge modelling of the upheaval
resistance of buried pipelines. Int Conf Offshore Mech Arctic Engng,
Rio de Janeiro. New York: ASME 2001;265–73.
7. Brocca M, Bazant ZP. Microplane finite element analysis of tube-
squash test of concrete with shear angles up to 70 degree. Int J Num
Meth Engng 2001;52(10):1165–88.
8. Bybee K, et al. Reeled pipe-in-pipe steel catenary riser. JPT, J Petrol
Tech 2002;54(4):58–9.
9. Cantre S. Geotextile tubes-analytical design aspects. Geotext Geo-
membr 2002;20(5):305–19.
10. Chapuis RP, Chenaf D. Effects of monitoring and pumping well pipe
capacities during pumping tests in confined aquifers. Canad Geotech J
2003;40(6):1093–103.
11. Ciaccia M, et al. Nonlinear 3D finite element formulation for the
analysis of submarine pipelines during laying operations. ASME Press
Vess Piping Conf, PVP 2002;451:55–64.
12. Da Costa AM, et al. Soil–structure interaction of heated pipeline buried
in soft clay. 4th Int Pipeline Conf, Calgary. New York: ASME
2002;457–66.
13. Daly R, Bell M. Reeled pipe in pipe steel catenary riser. Int Conf
Offshore Mech Arctic Engng, Rio de Janeiro. New York: ASME
2001;139–47.
14. De Alcantara NP, et al. Investigations into the use of the finite element
method and artificial neural networks in the non-destructive analysis of
metallic tubes. Int Joint Conf Neural Networks, Honolulu. IEEE
2002;1450–4.
15. Dhar AS. Limit states of profiled thermoplastic pipes under deep burial.
PhD Thesis, The Univ of Western Ontario, Canada 2002.
16. Dhar AS. The development of a simplified equation for deflection of
buried pipe. ASCE Int Conf Pipeline Engng Constr; Baltimore. New
York: ASCE 2003;1096–105.
17. Dhar AS, et al. Two-dimensional analyses of thermoplastic culvert
deformations and strains. J Geotech Geoenvir Engng 2004;130(2):
199–208.
18. Fukutomi H, et al. Remote field eddy current technique applied to non-
magnetic steam generator tubes. NDT and E Int 2001;34(1):17–23.
19. Gao FP, et al. Numerical study on the interaction between non-linear
wave, buried pipeline and non-homogeneous porous seabed. Comp
Geotechnics 2003;30(6):535–47.
20. Giacomelli Y, Bell M. Reelability of steel bulkheads for pipe-in-pipe.
Ann Offshore Conf, Houston. OTC 2002;2839–48.
21. Gokhale S, Argent M. Innovation in pipe material for microtunneling
applications. Construct Mater Issues New York: ASCE 2001;2001:
121–32.
22. Gupta A. Kumar Saigal R. Simple formulations to evaluate surface
impacts on buried steel pipelines. Weld Res Counc Bull; No. 479
2003;1–31.
23. Hambric SA. Noise sources and transmission in piping systems. ASME
Int Mech Engng Cong Expo, NCA. New York: ASME; 2002;29:79–90.
24. Harte AM, et al. Evaluation of optimisation techniques in the design of
composite pipelines. J Mater Process Technol 2001;118(1/3):478–84.
25. Harte AM, et al. Application of optimisation methods to the design of
high performance composite pipelines. J Mater Process Technol 2003;
142(1):58–64.
26. Hiremath S, et al. Stiffness analysis of feed back spring and flexure tube
of jet pipe electrohydraulic servovalve using finite element method.
ASME Joint US-Europ Fluid Engng Conf, FED 2002;257:1333–8.
27. Hu HT, et al. Nonlinear analysis of axially loaded concrete-filled tube
columns with confinement effect. J Struct Engng, ASCE 2003;129(10):
1322–9.
28. Hussain CI, Jacobs M. Using check valves as a subsea isolation
system(SSIs) on subsea pipelines and risers. Int Conf Offshore Mech
Arctic Engng, Rio de Janeiro. New York: ASME 2001;57–64.
29. Ibrahim A, et al. Simulation of GRP pipes materials and installations
parameters experimentally and using FEA. ASME Press Vess Piping
Conf, PVP 2002;440:153–60.
30. Ibrahim AA, Zaafarani N. Simulation of GRP underground pipes
installation case study. ASME Press Vess Piping Conf, PVP 2001;417:
27–34.
31. Iimura S. Simplified mechanical model for evaluating stress in
pipeline subject to settlement. Con Sbr Build Mater 2004;18(6):
469–79.
32. Johansson M, Akesson M. Finite element study on concrete-filled steel
tubes using a new confinement sensitive concrete compression model.
Nordic Concrete Res 2002;27:43–62.
33. Kamaraj M, Hari Y. Finite element analysis of corrugated HDPE
underground pipe culverts. ASME Press Vess Piping Conf, PVP 2001;
419:155–63.
34. Khajehpour S, et al. Inclusion of local shell behavior of tubes into a
two-dimensional beam approximation of deformation in nuclear fuel
channels. ASME Press Vess Piping Conf, PVP 2002;441:45–53.
35. Kim MK, et al. Pipe-soil interaction during transverse permanent
ground deformation. 6th US Conf Woksh Lifeline Earthq Engng; Long
Beach. New York 2003;967–76.
36. Kuroiwa T, et al. Interaction between riser and tubing in CVAR
system. Int Offshore Polar Engng Conf. ISOPE 2002;140–6.
37. Li D, et al. Impact of deep excavations on adjacent buried pipelines.
ASCE Int Conf Pipeline Engng Constr; Baltimore. New York: ASCE
2003;1116–25.
38. Liu JX. Design guide developed for buried pipelines crossing active
faults. Oil Gas J 2004;102(26):58–65.
39. Miyazaki Y, Uchiki M. Deployment dynamics of inflatable tube. 43rd
Str Str Dyn Mater Conf. Washington, DC: AIAA 2002;424–33.
40. Moussou P, et al. Vortex-shedding of a multi-hole orifice synchronized
to an acoustic cavity in a PWR water piping system. ASME Press Vess
Piping Conf, PVP 2003;465:161–8.
41. Netto TA, et al. Sandwich pipes for ultra-deep waters. 4th Int Pipeline
Conf, Calgary. New York: ASME 2002;2093–101.
42. Noor MA, Dhar AS. Three-dimensional response of buried pipe under
vehicle loads. ASCE Int Conf Pipeline Engng Constr; Baltimore. New
York: ASCE 2003;658–65.
43. O’Rourke M, et al. Centrifuge modeling of buried pipelines. Tech
Counc Lifeline Earthq Engng Monogr; No. 25 2003;757–68.
44. Rubio N, et al. Design of buried pipes considering the reciprocal soil–
structure interaction. ASCE Int Conf Pipeline Engng Constr;
Baltimore. New York: ASCE 2003;1279–87.
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