late hinayana p.d. bandara
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Late HinayanaRock Cut
Presented
Parakramage Douglas Bandara
M.A , 2nd year(Archaeology)
Deccan College
Pune 06.
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Early Hinayana -
Mahayana period -
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.
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Indian , Rock
Cut Site
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Aurangabad There is one Chaitya hall identical in many
Respect with Ajanta IX , Rectangular on planand Octagonal Pillars.
The vaulted roof has stone ribs in sharp
contrast the wooden ones in the case of AjantaIX.
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Pitalkhora
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Nasik Cave.. Number 03
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Cave no ; 03
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Cave no 03 plan
Inscription
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Cave no 10
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Cave no 17
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Junnar Buddhist caves
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Karad and other Caves
The Quadrangular Chaitya wasalmost Standardized in the firsthalf of second century A.D.
Karad Caves located in Satara
,Maharastra in Satavahana period
it was major religion center. Junnar Caves gave the guidance
for these excavation of karad ,
Pohale and Other sites.
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Quadrangular chaitya and Vaulted
roof can be seen.
There are three groups
Jakhinwadi , Agashir , andChachegaon . These groups arebearing 65 Caves , many Caves are
unfinished..,.
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Kanheri, Late Hinayana complex
The plans of the late Hinayana Caves atKanheri different from others.
It is solitary exception of Cave , largest andmost impressive chaitya can be dated ofYAJNASRI SATAKARNI.
Shape of the Caves are small and rectangular.
In some cases there are two cells . One eachin either side Wall. In stupa can see. A benchis carred.
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Vihara and Mandapas
The Vihara which served as residences ofmonks were also excavated and their numberis several times that of the Chaityas.
The Chaityas and Vihara were changed theirstyles during late Hinayana period.
There different Variety of Viharas such as
Matapa , Bhojama, Chatusala, upathana etc;
The water tanks and cisterns can be seen nearby viharas..
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In Western India when Rock cut cavescame to be uncreated the structuralViharas as the Ganga vally were imitatedin Rock.
This viharas were used by monks for
raining season as well as those onesituated away from human habitationareas. In other periods they used thoseViharas for meditation.
The Modification viharas can be seen inNasik , Gauthamiputra Vihara(cave no03).Nahapana Caves X and XVII if
contains couple residential cells
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Conclusion
The late Hinayana Rock Cut architecturewere change in their plan and otherFundamental structure ..
These Caves located at Junnar ,Kuda,Shelarwadi , Mahad , Karad and Kanheri,Ajanta..
Generally assumed that the Hinayana activityin Western India come to a grinding halt bythe close of the 2nd century A.D. but lateHinayana period in started 3rd century A.D.
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Thank you
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