last prelab

BENGHAZI UNIVERSITYFACULTY OF MEDICINE

DEPARTMENT OF HISTOLOGYFIRST YEAR MEDICAL PRELAB PART III

Prepared by:

Dr. Hala El.Alam .

Dr. Manal Eljerby.

Dr. Lobna Alferjani.

1

Prelab 9I Nervous tissue

Slides of lab 9..

1. Multipolar nerve cells in spinal cord. X402. Pyramidal nerve cells in cerebral cortex. X403. Pyriform nerve cells in cerebellum . X404. Astrocyte. X40

1.Multipolar nerve cells in spinal cord

1. Cell body (perikarion) : Pyramidal in shape .2. nucleus : Prominent nucleolus .3. Single axon .4. Multiple dendrites .

1.Multipolar nerve cells in spinal cord

Multipolar nerve cells in spinal cord x40

2.Pyriform nerve cells in cerebellum.

1. Called Purkinji cells.2. Multipolar cell.3. Arranged in raw between granular & molecular

layer .4. Flask shaped cell bodies .5. One axon &many branched dendrites

2.Pyriform nerve cells in cerebellum.

Pyriform nerve cells in cerebellum X40

Molecular layer

Granular layer

3.Pyramidal nerve cells in cerebral cortex X40

1. Large pyramidal cell body.2. Large vesicular nucleus.3. Multiple dendrites .

3.Pyramidal nerve cells in cerebral cortex X40

4.Astrocyte

1. Star shaped cell body.2. Large nucleus.3. Stained black with silver.4. Numerous long branched processes end with feet

like expansions on blood vessels.

4.AstrocyteAstrocyte

Astrocyte × 40.

Prelab 10 Nervous tissue II

Slides of prelab 10 ..

1. Oligodendrocyte . X402. Spinal ganglion . X40 3. Sympathetic ganglion . X404. Ependyma . X40 5. Nerve trunk . X40

1. Oligodendrocyte ..

1. small cell body .2. few processes .3. large dark nucleus . 4. form myelin sheaths in CNS .

Oligodendrocyte .. X40

Cell body

Dendrites

2&3 Spinal & sympathetic ganglion Spinal ganglion

1. Contain Pseudounipolar neurons.

2. Large with central nucleus.

3. In groups.

4. Completely surrounded by satellite cells.

5. Separated by thick myelinated fibers.

6. Oval shape ,Thick capsule.

7. They are present beside spinal cord in both sides .

Sympathetic ganglion

1. Multipolar neurons.

2. Small numerous with eccentric nucleus.

3. Scattered.

4. Have few less prominent satellite cells.

5. Separated by Unmyelinated nerve cells.

6. Round shape ,Thin capsule.

7. Related to autonomic nervous tissue .

Spinal & sympathetic ganglion

Spinal ganglion Sympathetic ganglion

2.Spinal ganglion … X40

C.T capsule

Pseudounipolar N .

Myelinated n. fibers

Stellate cells

Spinal ganglion X100

Pseudounipolar neuron

Central nucleus &prominent nucleolus.

Stellate cells.

Spinal ganglion X40

3.Sympathetic ganglion… X40

Multipolar N.

Unmyelinated N. fibers

4.Ependyma..

1. single layer of simple cuboidal epithelium .

2. lines the ventricles of brain & central canal of spinal cord .

3. Ciliated and non ciliated .

4.Ependyma..

Ependyma x40

Cilia

5.Nerve trunk ..

1. . Nerves are surrounded by epineurium . 2. Each bundle (or fascicle) of nerve fibers is surrounded by

perineurium .

3. Each nerve fiber within each bundle is individually surrounded by endoneurium

5.Nerve trunk..

Nerve trunk .. X40

Perineurium

Endoneurium

Nerve axon

Prelab 12Lymphatic tissue

Slides of prelab

1. Thymus gland . X40.2. Lymph node . X40.3. Spleen . X40.4. Palatine tonsils . X40.5. Payers patches . X40.

Thymus

Hassall corpuscle

Thymus

a- Capsule and septa of C.T tissue b- Cortex and medullac- Medulla contains Hassall's corpuscles

Lymph node

• C.T capsule and Trabeculae

• b- Cortex : lymphatic nodules with germinal center

• c- Medulla : Medullary cords and sinuses.

Lymph node

cortex

Medulla

Spleen

• a - C.T capsule and Trabeculae• b- White pulp ( lymphatic nodules & central artery)• c-Red pulp (splenic cord and splenic venous sinuses)

Spleen

Spleen

Spleen

White pulp1. Lymphatic

nodule with germinal center.

2. Central artery .

Palatine Tonsils

• Tonsillar crypts.• Lymphatic nodules• Stratified nonkeratinized epithelial covering.

Palatine Tonsils

• Tonsillar crypts.• Lymphatic nodules• Stratified nonkeratinized epithelial covering.

Palatine Tonsils

Crypt

Lymphatic nodules

Mucus glands

Epithelium

Palatine Tonsil

Peyer`s Patches

• Are aggregations of lymphatic nodules.

• Located in the lamina propria of the wall of the ileum opposite to the mesentery.

Payer’s Patch

Payer’s Patch

Prelab 13Skin

Slides for the prelab

• 1. thick skin x10• 2. thin skin x10• 3. hair follicle ( cross section) x40• 4.negroid skin x40.

1.In palms & soles.

2 Keratinized stratified squamous epithelium.

3.Thick epidermis.

4.Many sweat gland.

5.No hair or sebaceous gland.

Thick skin

Thick Skin

Thin skin1- Epidermis : thin. 2- Dermis :thick 3- Stratified squamous Keratinized epithelium 4- Hair follicles5- Sebaceous and sweat glands

Thin skin

Thin skinepithelium

Errector Pillae muscle

Sebaceous gland

Hair follicle

Sweat gland

Thin skin x10

Thin skin x10

Hair follicle (cross section)

1.Cortex 2.medulla 3. inner & outer root sheet. 4.connective tissue sheet.

Hair follicle (cross section) x40

Negroid skin1. Stratified squamous Keratinized epithelium.

2. Melanin pigment

Negroid skin X40

Negroid skin X40

Differences between thick & thin skinThin Skin Thick Skin

Whole body except palms and soles

Palms & soles Site

Thinner Thicker Epidermis

Present Absent Hair follicles & sebaceous glands

Not characteristic. Characteristic (finger prints)

papillary ridges

Prelab 14Vascular system

Slides of this lab• 1. aorta (as an example of

large artery).

• 2.inferior vena cava(as an example of large vein)

• 3.medium sized artery& vein.

1- Tunica intima: endothelium and subedothelium connective tissue.

2.internal elastic lamina. 3- Tunica media: thick, mainly of elastic fiber with smooth muscle cells.

4- Tunica adventitia: Thin and is composed of loose fibroelastic connective tissue, contain vasa vasorum.

Aorta

Aorta

aorta

Veins (Inferior vena cava)

1.Tunica intima: Thin, endothelium and subedothelium.

2.Tunica media: Thin and contain few smooth muscle fiber.

3.Tunic adventitia: Thickest of the three tunicas, contains coarse collagen fibers, elastic fibers and longitudinal bundles of smooth muscle.

4. no internal or external elastic lamina

Inferior vena cava

Inferior vena cava

Medium sized artery Medium sized vein

wall Thick with narrow lumen

Thin with wide lumen .

Tunica intima thick folded with internal elastic

lamina

thin

Tunica media thick, formed of circularly arranged

smooth muscles separated by

Collagenous fibers, and few elastic

connective tissue

Thin, thin and formed of smooth muscle cells

Tunica adventitia thin thick

Internal elastic lamina

Well developed absent

External elastic lamina

May be present absent

Medium sized artery and vein