lake manzala engineered wetland, port said, egypt [iwc4 presentation]
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Lake Manzala Engineered Wetland Project
GEF
Lake Manzala Engineered Wetland Port Said, Egypt
Dr. Dia El Din El-QuosyProject Manager
E-mail: lmewp@menanet.net
Lake Manzala Engineered Wetland Project
GEF
Lake Manzala Engineered Wetland Project
GEF
Engineered Wetland
Studies (conducted in the 1980’s) suggested the use of Engineered Wetland to improve the water quality of Bahr El-Baqar drain, before entering the Lake Manzala.
Lake Manzala Engineered Wetland Project
GEF
Lake Manzala Engineered Wetland Project
In the early 1990’s, a project for constructing an engineered wetland, at the Bahr El-Baqr drain outlet, was approved as a collaborative effort among the GEF, UNDP and EEAA.
Lake Manzala Engineered Wetland Project
GEF
Lake Manzala Engineered Wetland Project
Project Area
Lake Manzala Engineered Wetland Project
GEF
Project Site
Lake Manzala Engineered Wetland Project
Lake Manzala Engineered Wetland Project
GEF
Project Purposes
• Assess feasibility of engineered wetland system to improve environmental conditions at Lake Manzala and Mediterranean Sea.
• Assess feasibility of engineered wetland system to treat wastewater so that it becomes suitable for different uses.
• Assist in transferring wetland technology to Egypt and other neighboring countries.
Lake Manzala Engineered Wetland Project
GEF
The project is designed to achieve the following:
• Provide local employment
• Serve as training center for water management and low cost wastewater treatment technologies.
• Project planning, design, construction, and operation will be accomplished so as to maximize stakeholders participation.
Lake Manzala Engineered Wetland Project
GEF
Lake Manzala Engineered Wetland Project
GEF
Detailed Project ElementsI. Collection works: 1- Intake channel
2- Pumping station
II. Treatment works:
3- Sedimentation basins3- Sedimentation basins
4- Drying Beds4- Drying Beds
5- Surface flow beds5- Surface flow beds
6- Subsurface Flow beds6- Subsurface Flow beds
III. Treated effluent disposal:
7-To Bahr El Baqr Drain
8-To Reuse area
9-Fish ponds
Lake Manzala Engineered Wetland
12
6
57
3
3
4
6
8
Lake Manzala Engineered Wetland Project
GEF
1- INTAKE
2- PUMP STATION
4- DISTRIBUTION Channel
5- SURFACE FLOW BEDS
6- RECIPROCATING (SUBSURFACE) CELLS7- HATCHERY PONDS
8- FINGERLING PONDS
3- SEDIMENTATION BASIN 1
2
4
5
5
6
7
8
3
3
Wetland Elements
Main Project (25,000m3/ Day )
Lake Manzala Engineered Wetland
Lake Manzala Engineered Wetland Project
GEF
Treatment System Components
ParameterUnitsSediment Basin
High Flow
Wetland
Low Flow
Wetland
Reciprocating Cells
Hatchery Ponds
Fingerling Ponds
FlowM3/d25,00021,5003,00050050450
DepthM1.50.50.51.21.11.1
AreaM233,30050,00050,0002,10064010,300
VolumeM350,00025,00025,0001,00070011,250
Retention timeDay21.28.321425
Lake Manzala Engineered Wetland Project
GEF
Inflow Design Criteria
Flow25,000 m3/d
BOD40 mg/l
COD100 mg/L
Suspended Solids
160 mg/L
Phosphorus5 mg/L
Nitrogen12 mg/L
Lake Manzala Engineered Wetland Project
GEF
Estimated Effluent Concentrations (mg/L)
ParameterSedimentHigh FlowLow FlowReciprocating
BasinWetlandWetlandCells
BOD2419.36.82.4
TSS328.44.88
Total P43.41.42
Total N1210.33.91.2
Lake Manzala Engineered Wetland Project
GEF
Estimated Treatment Efficiencies(%)
ParameterSedimentHigh FlowLow FlowReciprocating
BasinWetlandWetlandCells
BOD40207290
TSS80748575
Total P25156550
Total N0146890
Lake Manzala Engineered Wetland Project
GEF
Reuse of Wetland Effluent
The project is exploring the possibilities of reuse of the wetland effluent:
• Reuse for aquaculture (4 hatchery ponds and 2 fingerling ponds).
• Reuse for irrigated agriculture (cooperation with the NAWQAM project).
Lake Manzala Engineered Wetland Project
GEF
Before 1999
• The original project site was illegal fish ponds occupied by the surrounding community.
• The source of water for these fish ponds was Bahr El Baqar Drain, which is one of the most polluted drains in Egypt.
Lake Manzala Engineered Wetland Project
GEF
Before 1999
Lake Manzala Engineered Wetland Project
GEF
2000
After the Governorate of Port Said handed over the site to the project management, the following activities
had taken place:• Widening and leveling of the access rough road
• Evacuated the existing fish ponds from its polluted water
• Constructed an earth ring road around the site• Conducted a geotechnical study and ground survey
• Implemented the conceptual design by TVA• Finalized the detailed design by AAW
• Initiated construction of the main and pilot wetlands by Misr for Development Concrete Company
Lake Manzala Engineered Wetland Project
GEF
2000
Lake Manzala Engineered Wetland Project
GEF
2000
Lake Manzala Engineered Wetland Project
GEF
2000
Lake Manzala Engineered Wetland Project
GEF
2000
Lake Manzala Engineered Wetland Project
GEF
2004
1. Construction of the pilot and main facility completed
2. The full operation started by October 2004.
3. The testing and commissioning took place by the end of 2004
Lake Manzala Engineered Wetland Project
GEF
2004
Lake Manzala Engineered Wetland Project
GEF
2004
Lake Manzala Engineered Wetland Project
GEF
2005
Monitoring and evaluation phase started. Water was distributed according to the following schedule:
• 21,500 m3/day for five high speed free surface cells • 3,000 m3/day for five low speed free surface cells • 500 m3/day for two reciprocating subsurface cells
Measuring the concentration of the main pollutants: Total Nitrogen (TN), Total Phosphorous (TP), Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD), Total Suspended Solids (TSS), Heavy Metals (HM), Total, and Fecal Coliform (TC & FC), at the inlet and outlet of each cell to evaluate the performance of each.
Lake Manzala Engineered Wetland Project
GEF
2005
Lake Manzala Engineered Wetland Project
GEF
2005
Lake Manzala Engineered Wetland Project
GEF
2006
The International Consultant (NIRAS & ECMA) suggested some modifications to the design such
as:• Modified the monitoring plan of KOMEX (Five cells with the same plants and different discharge and five
cells with the same discharge and different plants)• Install pipes with valves to control the influent and
effluent to and from each cell• Install ultrasonic sensors at the inlets and outlets of
the cells to measure the flows. • Install water level gauges at several points of the
facility• Change the plants of some cells (from reed to cattail
and papyrus)
Lake Manzala Engineered Wetland Project
GEF
2006
• On September 2006, NIRAS & ECMA modified the monitoring plan (locations, frequencies and
parameters). They eliminated the parameters which were not detected during the previous period such
as heavy metals and phenol and added some parameters to investigate special processes such as
dissolved phosphorus.
• On November 2006, In order to increase the level of accuracy, NIRAS & ECMA concentrated the sampling and analysis on three cells with different plant types,
different percentage of plant cover and different flows
Lake Manzala Engineered Wetland Project
GEF
2006
Lake Manzala Engineered Wetland Project
GEF
2007
On February 2007, NIRAS tested the performance of the wetland under 8,500 m3/day per one cell. The results of the data collected indicated that the cell is able to deal with this flow which means that the capacity of the wetland could be increased to 85,000 m3/d compared with the original design capacity of 25,000 m3/d. The conclusion may suggest that the dimensions of the wetland could be reduced substantially
Lake Manzala Engineered Wetland Project
GEF
2007
Lake Manzala Engineered Wetland Project
GEF
Removal Efficiency of the Pollutants
61.21%
81.03%
20.95%
52.39%62.12%
68.72%
25.93%
0102030405060708090
100B
iolo
gica
lO
xige
nD
eman
d
Tota
lSu
spen
ded
Solid
s
Tota
lPh
osph
orus
Tota
lN
itero
gen
Am
ouni
a(N
H4)
Nitr
ate
(NO
3)
Org
anic
Nitr
oen
Parameter
Con
cent
ratio
n (m
g/l)
0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%
Influent Effluent Removal Efficiency
Lake Manzala Engineered Wetland Project
GEF
Removal Efficiency of the Pollutants
37,771
186,383
97 732
99.74% 99.61%
020,00040,00060,00080,000
100,000120,000140,000160,000180,000200,000
Fecal Coliform Total ColiformParameter
Con
cent
ratio
n (m
g/l)
0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%100%
Influent Effluent Removal Efficiency
Lake Manzala Engineered Wetland Project
GEF
Concluding Remarks• The facility treats 25,000 m3/day with excellent
effluent quality
• The treated water is used for raising healthy fish suitable for human consumption
• The facility serves as a Center of Excellence for local, regional and international bodies
• Due to climatic differences between Egypt and Western Countries, retention time and dimensions
could be reduced substantially
Lake Manzala Engineered Wetland Project
GEF
Lake Manzala Engineered Wetland Project
GEF
Thank you for your kind attention
Dia El Din El Quosy
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