jose rizal
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JOSE RIZALChapter 1
Advent of a National Hero
THE BIRTH OF A HERO
José Protacio Rizal Mercado y Alonzo Realonda
Known as Dr. Jose P. Rizal
He was born on June 19, 1861, on the night of a
Wednesday at the town of Calamba, Laguna
Baptized in the Catholic church of his town on
June 22, 1861 by Fr. Rufino Collantes ; his
godfather was Fr. Pedro Casanas.
RIZAL’S PARENTS
Francisco Mercado Rizal
Born on May 11, 1818 in Biñan, Laguna
He studied Latin and Philosophy at the College
of San Jose in Manila.
He died in Manila on January 5, 1898, at the
age of 80
RIZAL’S PARENTS
Teodora Alonso Realonda
Born on November 8, 1826 in Manila
Educated at the College of Santa Rosa, a well-
known college for girls in the city.
Died in Manila on August 16, 1911
THE RIZAL CHILDREN
1. Saturina – oldest of the Rizal children, nicknamed Neneng
2. Paciano – older brother and confidant of Jose Rizal, he was
immortalized by Jose Rizal in his first novel Noli Me
Tangere as Pilosopo Tasio
3. Narcisa – her pet name was Sisa
4. Olimpia – Ypia was her pet name
5. Lucia – she married Mariano Herbosa, the nephew of Fr.
Casanas; he was denied a Christian burial because he was
the brother-in-law of Jose Rizal
6. Maria – her nickname was Biang
7. Jose – the greatest Filipino hero, his nickname was Pepe
8. Concepcion – her pet name was Concha, she died f
sickness at 3; her death was Jose Rizal’s first sorrow
9. Josefa – her pet name was Panggoy, she died an old maid
at the age of 80
10.Trinidad – Trining was her pet name, also died an old
maid at the age of 83
11.Soledad – youngest of the Rizal children, her pet name
was Choleng
THE RIZAL CHILDREN
RIZAL’S ANCESTRY
Domingo Laméo – a Chinese immigrant from the Fukien city
of Changchow. He is Rizal’s great-great-grandfather. He
arrived in Manila about 1690. He married a well-to-do
Chinese Christian girl of Manila named Ines de la Rosa, then
assumed Mercado as his surname in 1731.
Francisco Mercado – son of Domingo and Ines, great-
grandfather of Rizal. He married a Chinese-Filipino mestiza,
Cirila Bernacha, and was elected governadorcillo of
Biñan.
Juan Mercado – one of Francisco’s and Cirila’s sons,
grandfather of Rizal. Married Cirila Alejandro, a Chinese-
Filipino mestiza. Like his father, he was elected
governadorcillo of Biñan.
Francisco Mercado – Rizal’s father. The youngest of
thirteen children of Juan and Cirila. At the age of eight he
lost his father. He met and fell in love with Teodora Alonso
Realonda in Manila while studying. They got married on
June 28, 1848
RIZAL’S ANCESTRY
Lakandula – the last native king of Tondo. He is a believed
ancestor of Doña Teodora’s family.
Eugenio Ursua – Rizal’s great-great-grandfather from
his mother’s side. He was of Japanese ancestry. He married a
Filipina named Benigna.
Regina – the daughter of Eugenio and Benigna married
Manuel de Quintos, a Filipino-Chinese lawyer from
Pangasinan. One of their daughters married Lorenzo Alberto
Alonso, a prominent Spanish-Filipino mestizo of Biñan; their
children were: Narcisa, Teodora(Rizal’s mother), Gregorio,
Manual and Jose.
RIZAL’S ANCESTRY
THE SURNAME “RIZAL”
Mercado – the real surname of the Rizal family
which was adopted in 1731 by Domingo Laméo
Rizal – the second surname which was given by a
Spanish alcalde mayor of Laguna, who was a family
friend. In Spanish it means, “A field where wheat, cut
while still green, sprouts again.”
THE RIZAL HOME
The Rizal Residence was a two-storey building,
rectangular in shape, built of adobe stone and hard-
woods, and roofed with red tiles.
A GOOD AND MIDDLE-CLASS FAMILY
The Rizal family belonged to the principalia, a town
aristrocracy in Spanish Philippines.
They owned a carriage which was a status symbol of the
illustrados (composed of native-born intellectuals and cut
across ethnolinguistic and racial lines—Indios, Insulares, and
mestizos, among others).
They also owned a library, the largest in Calamba,
consisting of more than 1000 volumes.
HOME LIFE OF THE RIZALS
The Rizal Children were taught and trained:
To love God
To behave well
To be obedient
To respect people, especially the old folks
They believed in the maxim: “Spare the rod and spoil
the child”
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