javascript, missing manual, chapter 3
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JavaScript:JavaScript:The Missing The Missing ManualManual
Chapter 3:Chapter 3:Adding Logic & ControlAdding Logic & Control
Author: David S. McFarland | Publisher: O’Reilly Copyright 2010
Making Programs React Making Programs React IntelligentlyIntelligently
A A conditional statementconditional statement is a simple yes is a simple yes or no questionor no question
Examples:Examples: form validation – if the “name” field is form validation – if the “name” field is
empty, do not submit the formempty, do not submit the form evaluating input – if a “large” pizza is evaluating input – if a “large” pizza is
selected, calculate a “large” priceselected, calculate a “large” price
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Conditional Statement Conditional Statement BasicsBasics
The condition is a comparison between two The condition is a comparison between two valuesvalues
Example:Example:if (score > 100) {if (score > 100) {
alert(”You won!”);alert(”You won!”);}}
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Conditional Statement Conditional Statement BasicsBasics
Conditional statements are also called “if / Conditional statements are also called “if / then” statementsthen” statements
Syntax:Syntax:if (condition) {if (condition) {
// some action happens here// some action happens here}}
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interpreter evaluates condition to either “true” or “false”
Conditional Statement Conditional Statement BasicsBasics
Comparison Operators:Comparison Operators:
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OperatorOperator ExampleExample==== equal toequal to!=!= not equal tonot equal to>> greater thangreater than<< less thanless than
>=>= greater than or equal togreater than or equal to<=<= less than or equal toless than or equal to
Adding a Backup PlanAdding a Backup PlanAn if statement has its own kind off backup An if statement has its own kind off backup
plan, called an plan, called an else clauseelse clause
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Adding a Backup PlanAdding a Backup PlanSyntax:Syntax:
if (condition) {if (condition) {// some action happens here// some action happens here
} else {} else {// some other action happens here// some other action happens here
}}
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Adding a Backup PlanAdding a Backup PlanExample:Example:
if (score > 100) {if (score > 100) {alert(”You won!”);alert(”You won!”);
} else {} else {alert(”Keep practicing.”);alert(”Keep practicing.”);
}}
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Testing More Than One Testing More Than One ConditionCondition
Think of it like a game show.Think of it like a game show. Would you like the prize behind door #1, Would you like the prize behind door #1,
door #2 or door #3?door #2 or door #3? Would you like a small, medium, or large Would you like a small, medium, or large
pizza?pizza?
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Testing More Than One Testing More Than One ConditionCondition
Example:Example:if (condition) {if (condition) {
// door #1// door #1} else if (condition2) {} else if (condition2) {
// door #2// door #2} else {} else {
// door #3// door #3}}
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Testing More Than One Testing More Than One ConditionCondition
Example (Example (conditional.htmlconditional.html):):var budget = prompt(“How much money can var budget = prompt(“How much money can ►►you spend?”, “”);you spend?”, “”);if (budget >= 50) {if (budget >= 50) {alert(“Dinner and a movie.”);alert(“Dinner and a movie.”);} else if (budget >= 30) {} else if (budget >= 30) {alert(“Dinner only.”);alert(“Dinner only.”);} else if (budget >= 20) {} else if (budget >= 20) {alert(“Movie only.”);alert(“Movie only.”);} else {} else {alert(“A night at home watching TV.”);alert(“A night at home watching TV.”);}}
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More Complex More Complex ConditionsConditions
Combine conditions using logical Combine conditions using logical operators:operators:
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compound conditioncompound condition logical operatorlogical operator
ANDAND &&&&
OROR ||||
More Complex More Complex ConditionsConditions
Example (Example (login.htmllogin.html):):var name = prompt(“What is your user name?”, “”);var name = prompt(“What is your user name?”, “”);var password = prompt(“What is your password?”, “”);var password = prompt(“What is your password?”, “”);if (name == “Gene” && password == “digital”) {if (name == “Gene” && password == “digital”) {
alert(“Welcome to Spacebook!”);alert(“Welcome to Spacebook!”);} else {} else {
alert(“login incorrect”);alert(“login incorrect”);}}
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Nesting Conditional Nesting Conditional StatementsStatements
A condition within a condition, similar to . . .A condition within a condition, similar to . . . a table within a tablea table within a table a list within a list (dropdown navigation)a list within a list (dropdown navigation)
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Testing More Than One Testing More Than One ConditionCondition
Syntax (part 1):Syntax (part 1):if (condition1) {if (condition1) {
if (condition2) {if (condition2) {// do thing #1// do thing #1
} else {} else {// do thing #2// do thing #2
}}continued . . .continued . . .
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Testing More Than One Testing More Than One ConditionCondition
Syntax (part 2):Syntax (part 2):} else {} else {
if (condition2) {if (condition2) {// do thing #3// do thing #3
} else {} else {// do thing #4// do thing #4
}}}}
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Testing More Than One Testing More Than One ConditionCondition
Example (part 1):Example (part 1):if (size == “small”) {if (size == “small”) {if (toppings == 0) {if (toppings == 0) {alert("Small pizza with 0 toppings.");alert("Small pizza with 0 toppings.");} else {} else {alert("Small pizza with 1 topping.");alert("Small pizza with 1 topping.");}}continued . . .continued . . .
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Testing More Than One Testing More Than One ConditionCondition
Example (part 2) (Example (part 2) (nested.htmlnested.html):):} else {} else {if (toppings == 0) {if (toppings == 0) {alert("Large pizza with 0 toppings.");alert("Large pizza with 0 toppings.");} else {} else {alert("Large pizza with 1 topping.");alert("Large pizza with 1 topping.");}}}}
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Testing More Than One Testing More Than One ConditionCondition
Assignment #1 (Assignment #1 (pizza_price_one.htmlpizza_price_one.html):):
Using the previous example . . .Using the previous example . . .1.1. add a third variable called “price”add a third variable called “price”2.2. change the price depending on the conditionchange the price depending on the condition3.3. print the price in the alert messageprint the price in the alert message
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Testing More Than One Testing More Than One ConditionCondition
Assignment #2 (Assignment #2 (pizza_price_two.htmlpizza_price_two.html):):
Using the previous example . . .Using the previous example . . .1.1. add a third condition to account for “medium”add a third condition to account for “medium”
three primary conditionsthree primary conditions two nested conditions eachtwo nested conditions each
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Testing More Than One Testing More Than One ConditionCondition
Assignment #3 (Assignment #3 (pizza_price_three.htmlpizza_price_three.html):):
Using the previous example . . .Using the previous example . . .1.1. add a third condition for each “toppings” to account add a third condition for each “toppings” to account
for 0, 1 or 2for 0, 1 or 2 three primary conditionsthree primary conditions three nested conditions eachthree nested conditions each
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JavaScriptJavaScript blah, blah, blah . . .blah, blah, blah . . .
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