isocrates, evagoras
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Ex Libris
; C. K. OGDEN :
THE LIBRARY
OF
THE UNIVERSITY
OF CALIFORNIALOS ANGELES
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THE
"RVAGORAS
I SOCRATES,
WITH AN INTRODUCTION AND NOTES
HENRY CLARKE, M.A.
LONDON
W. SWAN SONNENSCHEIN t CO.,
PATERNOSTER SQUARE.
I860.
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' The portrait of a man's character is a better memorial
than an image of his body."
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Digitized by the Internet Arciiive
in 2008 with funding from
IVIicrosoft Corporation
http://www.archive.org/details/evagorasofisocraOOisoc
1
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FA
CONTENTS,
—^PAOE
Preface .......... 5
AtJTHORITIES 7
Introduction ......... 9
Hypothesis 13
Text 15
Notes 32
Appendix ox the Text .49
Index 51
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PKEFACE.
THISlittle book is intended as a help towards the study of
an author at present too much neglected in English
schools and colleges. Mr. J. E. Sandys has said of Isocrates
that " there is, perhaps, no Attic author who is equal to him in
simplicity of constructions, in purity of language, and trans-
parency of style. " It is this," he adds, " that renders him pecu-
liarly suitable as a stepping-stone to the less easy prose of the
other Attic orators, and of Aristotle, Plato, and Thucydides;
it is this that has made him as favourite a subject in the schools
of Germany as he was in our English schools during the
sixteenth and seventeenth centuries." Yet Mr. Sandys' edition
of the Ad Demonicum and Panegyricus is (so far as I know)
the only selection that has been hitherto made from the
twenty-one orations of this author. ^
Professor Jebb has said with regard to a portion (^^^ 133-159)
of the Panegyticm that " it contributes to the history of Greece
a vivid picture of the barbarian world in contact with Hellas at
a critical moment." These words apply with equal force to the
oration I have selected—the Evwjoras. The text adopted is
that of Blass's revision of Benseler in the Teubner series. I
' Professor Jebb has published a vohuno of aolecti(Jiis from tlie Attic
orators.
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6 PREFACE.
liave noted, however, in an appendix, all deviations from the
more conservative text of the Ziirich editors.
For the notes I am mainly indebted to the following works:
Dr. 0. Schneider's Isocrates Ausgewdhlte lieden; Professor R.
C. Jebb's Attic Orators ; Dr. F. Blass's Isokrates und Isaios ; and
Mr. J. E. Sandys' Ad Demonicum and Panegyricus.
Reference is made to Curtius' Greek Grammar; Farrar's
Greek Syntax' ; and Goodwin's Greek Moods and Tenses.
HENRY CLARKE.14, Ladbkoke Grove,
NoTTiNG Hill.
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AUTHOEITIES.
— <>
J. G. Bcaiter and H. Sauppe, Oratores Attici, Zurich, 1839-50.
J. Bekkcr, Isocrates, Oxford, 1822.
F. Blass, Isocratis Orationes (revision of Benseler), Teubner, Ijcipzig, 1878-9.
„ Hyperidis Orationes, Teubner.
„ Attische Beredsamkeit, ii., Isokrates und Isaios, Teubner, 187-1.
0. Sclineider, Isokrates' Ausgewiililte Reden : i. Demonicus, Euagoras, Areopagi-
ticus, 2nd ed., 1873 ; ii. Panegyricus, Philippus, 2nd ed.,1874, TeiiVnier.
G. E. Benseler, Isokrates' Werke : i. Panegyrikos und Philippos; ii. Plataikos,
Archidamos, und Rede liber den Frieden, Engelmann, Leipzig, 18o4.
„ See Blass.
K. Eeinhardt, Ausgewiililte Reden des Isokrates : Panegyrikos und Areopagitikos
(."ith ed. of Rauclienstein"), Weidmann, Berlin, 1882.
R. Rauchcnstein. See Reinhardt.
J. E. Sandys. Isocrates, Ad Demonicum, and Panegyricus, Rivingtons, 1868.
R. C. Jebb, The Attic Orators, from Antiphon to Isaeus.
,. Greek Literature Primer.
J. P. Mabaffy, History of Classical Greek Literature, 2nd ed.
G. Grote. History of Greece.
E. Curtius, History of Greece, translated by A. W. Ward.
T. Mitchell, Index Graecitatis Isocraticae.
G. Curtius, The Student's Greek Grammar.
F. W. Farrar, Greek Syntax.
W. W. Goodwin, Syntax of the Moods and Tenses of the Greek Verb.
W. G. Rutlierford . The New Phrynichus.
T. L. Papillon, Manual of Comparative Philology ((Uarcndon Press Scries).
J. W. Hales, Milton's Areopagiticn, with Introduction and Notes (Clarendon
Press Series).
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INTEODUCTION.
A N account of the life, works, and style of Isocrates will be
^ found in the following books :—Jebb's Attic Oratoi's
MahaflPy's Greek Classical Literature ; Blass's Attische Bered-
samkeit, vol. ii. ; Encyclopcedia Britannica, art. " Isocrates " (written
by Professor Jebb).
The Evagoras (or. ix.), the To JSicocles (or. ii.), and the Nicocles
(or. iii.), may be conveniently classed together as the three
Cyprian orations of Isocrates. The To Demomcus (or. i.) is
ascribed by Blass to a pupil of Isocrates.
Evagoras began to reign about 411 B.C., assisted Conon at
Cnidus in 394, was engaged in a ten years' war with Persia,
probably from 390 to 380, and was assassinated probabl}- in
378. His son Nicocles succeeded him in that year, and reigned
till about 360. The friendship of Evagoras and Conon was
transmitted to their sons Nicocles and Timotheus. During the
years 378-370, Timotheus Avas engaged in organising the new
Confederation, both in the Archipelago and in the Ionic Sea, and
Isocrates (known to Timotheus since about 384) accompanied
him as companion and secretary, and at this time may have
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10 INTKODUCTION.
begun the friendship of Isocrates with the royal house of
Salamis.
The oration
ToNlcocles was written soon after the accession
of Nicocles, probably in 376. The Nicocles must have been
written after the To Nicocles, and several years after the acces-
sion of that monarch. The Evagoras, also, must have been
written at a considerable, but not a long, interval from the
assassination of Evagoras. It may be dated approximately 370.
Isocrates speaks of the Evagoras as the first example of an
encomium on a contemporary ; it may be classed with his own
encomium on Timotheus in the AnfAclosis, the Agesilaus of
Xenophon, and the encomia in honour of Mausolus,
The researches of recent historians have fully justified the
lanofuaofe of Isocrates in this oration. Mr. Grote^ describes
Evagoras as " a Greek of pre-eminent vigour and intelligence,
remarkably free from the vices usual in Grecian despots, and
forming a strong contrast in this respect with his contemporary
Dionysius, whose military energy is so deeply stained by crime
and violence."
" In this age," writes Professor Ernst Curtius,^ " poor m
men and in deeds, no other figure is to be met with so attrac-
tive as that of Evagoras. While elsewhere we find nothing but
reaction and decay in the public life of both Hellenes and
barbarians, Cyprus is a land of a hopeful progress, entirely
associated with the lofty efforts of this one man. He had with
heroic vigour not only recovered the princely power of which
his house had been despoiled, but he had also begun to make a
Greek land of the whole island, which, after the days of Cimon,
1 History of Greece, chap. Ixxvi.
* ITistory of Greece, trans, by Ward, vol. iv., p. 205.
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INTRODUCTION. 1
had been flooded by Phoenicians, and completely estranged from
the Hellenes ; so that the Cyprians now thoroughly detached
themselves from the East, would marry none but Greek wives,
and outvied one another in their devotion to Grreek manners,
culture, and art.^ Evagoras looked upon himself personally as
an Athenian, because he sprung from the Teukridae, whose
home was in the island of Salamis. . . . and he delighted in
connecting himself in any way with Athens, as with the luminous
prototype of that culture, the spread of which he now regarded
as the task of his life."
The Evagoras is in every respect—in the disposition of the
parts, in the choice of words, and in the structure of the periods
—a good example of the style of Isocrates at his best. Blass
draws attention to the Homeric tone of §§ 62-63, and to the
accumulation of antitheses in §§ 44-46. If, on the one hand,
Evagoras is worthy of this encomium, on the other hand, this
encomium is worthy of Evagoras.
Isocrates acknowledges {Aiitid., 40) that he received presents
from Nicocles, but the statement that he received 30 talents
for the Evagoras (" Hypoth." Evag.) is probably an exag-
geration.
' !Sce the coins of Evagornw and Nicotics in Mr. 1!. V. Head's Select Greek and
Roman Coins (British Museum).
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rnOSESIS ANflNTMOT FPAMMATIKOT.
— <.- —
lariov, on rov \6yov rovrov eypa-yjrev ^I(TOKpdri]<; Trpo? tov
NtKOKXea /xera ryv irapalveaLV T7]v 7rpo<? avrov. irodev he
Tovro SriXov ; Xeyofiev, eVetS^ auro? ^avepov rjfilv tovto
KadicTTrjaL irepl to Te\o<i rov Xoyov rovrov \k<yaw on ov vvv
ere rra paKeXevojjiai airovhd^eiv irepX rrjv dperrjv dTCsA
Kai TrdXai, 6 ianv iv rat? Trapatveaeaiv. rrpwrov ovv
kypayjrev avru) ra<; Trapatveaei^i fjuera rov rov rrarpo^ Odvarov,
etra deurepou rov eiTLrd^Lov rovrov, 'iva rfKeov koI Sid rovrov
€vvov<i aiirS (pavfj rcfxcov rov Evayopov Odvarov. \eyovcn
he nve^, on Kal rpidKovra rdXavra vrrep rovrov ihe^aro.
Zr^rrjcreie h dv n^ iv tcS Xoyw rovrw, hid rl emra<^iov
bvro^ Kai rov iinracptov aTzairovvro^ irapd rd iyK(o/j,iaariKd
rrdvra KecpuXaia TrXeov ro re dprjvrjrLKov iv rfj dpxf] Kal ro
7rapa/Jiv6r]rLKov iv rcS riXet, iv yap /j,6voc<; roi<i hvo rovroL<i
Ke<^aXaLOL<i hiacfyepovaiv 6 re i'irird(f>LO<; X6yo<; Kal rb iyKco/jiiov,
evravda he TraprjKe rd hvo Ke(f)dXaia ; Kal Xeyofiev, on <f)alverat,
eK TToXXov rov -^^povov rereXevrirjKU)<i Evay6pa<;' Kal 6 Icro-
Kpdrri<i vvv •wiiJb'^a'^ rov Xoyov /j,erd ttoXv rov eKeivov Bavdrov,
drorrov rjyetro OprjvrjriKov rdrrecv Kal dvap,i/u,V7]<TKeiv ro)v
dpyjvcav rcov 6(f)€LX6vra)v irporov Xe^6r]vai irap avrov rov
Odvarov.El
he rt? etTrot,
on,el hid
ravnjvrijv alriav
rrapi)Ke ro OpijVTjriKOv, hid rl Kal iv ru> riXei i^earr] rov
eiTrelv ro TrapafivOrjriKov ; Xeyofiev, on, el rovro iTri'jyaye^
purj TTporiyrjaaixevov rov dprjvrjriKov, en rrXeov uKaiporepov
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14 HYPOTHESIS.
iSoKei TTOLelv. "Evda <ydp elcri Oprjvoi, eicel oc^eiXei koX rj
Trapafiudla Traperreadar el he /jurjheva idpr]vr]aafiev tm Xoyo),
inrep Tlvo<i ifieWofiev Trapa/juvOelcrdai toi)? tm yivei Trpoa-q-
KOVTa<i ; "flare ovv BvvaTat o X070? kul ^K7nTd(f)L0<i Xiyeadai
KaX E<yK(i)ixiov ' EirLrdxpiO'i fJbev, htori et? tov reTeXevrrjKora
Evayopap ypd(f)€t tov \6yov, ^EyKco/jLtov 8e, Store irapijKe rd
hvo K€(f)dXata rov ^E7nTa(f)L0v. 'EviKijae 8e avrov rov \6yov
EyKop^Lov pboXkov XeyeaOat. ^Icrreov Be, co? on dvrl rwv
hvo rovrwv Ke<paXal(i)v erepa Svo dvreccrijyaye, ro re rpirov
7rpool/j,iov, oirep ovk eanv evpelv rrepl eyKoofxiov, w? Trpoelprjrat,
KoX ro irapaLveriKov. Kal ro /xev irpocrOelvaL rpirov rrpooifXLov
rjv dvrl rov dprjvrjriKov' ro he irapaLveriKov ev rco reXec dvrl
rov 'jrapa/MvOrjriKov' ev w avrw Trapatvei, on ,,'0(^etXe69, (o
NtKOKXeLi?, fii/jLTjaacrOaL rd<i rrpd^ei^ rd^ rov rrarpo^, a? vvv
hirjXdop^ev ev rw eTToracfiLU)." Aid rovro yap Kal ro Trapai-
veriKov ev rw rekei era^e Kal ovk ev rfj dp^fi, eireLhrj eSei
rrpwrov diroheL')(6r)vaL rov irarpo^; rd'^ irpd^ei';, iva Trpo?
ravra<i varepov hvvi]6fj avrwirapaivelv ^icovac.
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ETArOPAS.
(a'.) 'Opoiv, ft) Nik6k\€L<;, ri/jiMVTd ae rov TU(f)Ov tov
Trarpb^ ou jxovov tm w\i]6ei koI tw KuXkei, rcov e7rL(j)epofxev<j)v
oKXa Kcil ')(opoL^ KoX fiovcrcKfj koX <^v^vLKol<i arjoicyiv^ en Be
7rpo9 TOUTOt? iTTTTiov TC KOI rpi/]pcov afjiiX\ai<i, Kat Xei'Kovr
ovSe/jLiav TOiv tolovtcov virepfSoXyv, j)'yi]crd/xr]v Evayopav, ec'^
Tt? eoTTLV aladrjaii; rol^ rereXevrrjKoaL irepl tmv evddhe yi-
yvofievcov, ev/juevco^ /aev d'iroSe-)(^ea6ai Kol ravra, Kai ')(^aipeLV
opMvra Tr]v re irepl avrov eTn/jieXetav Kol rrjv a7]v fieya-
\07rpe7reiav, ttoXv S' av ere irXeLO) %a/oty e^eit' V ''"O^'? a\Xoi<i
airaaiv, el rt? Bvvrjdeirj irepl rcov eTnrrjSevfidTcov avrov koL
rSiv KivSvvcov d^i(o<; SteXdelv twv eKeivw ireTrpayfxevwv evpi]- 3
aofiev yap tou? (fjLXorlfxov; koI fieyaXoy^v')(OV<; t6)v dvBpcov
ov fiovov dvrl to)V tolovtmv eiraivetaOaL ^ovXofjbevov^ dXX'
dvTi TOV ^^]v UTTodvrjcrKeLv evKXecb<; aipovfMevov;, Kat pidXXov
irepl rrj(; 86^r]<i r) rod /3iov a'TrovSd^ovTa<;, Kal Trdvra 7rotovvTa<;,
OTTft)? dddvarov tjjv irepl avrwv /xvrj/jurjv KaraXel-^ovatv. at fievi
oxiv hairdvau tmp /xeu tolovtcov ovSev e^epyd^ovTat, rov Be
ttXovtov arjfielov elcriv ol Be irepl ttjv /xovacKijv Kal to.^ dXXa<i
dy(j)via<i ovre^, ol /xev rd'? Bvvd/jiet,<; Td<; avrwv, ol Be rd^; Te-)(ya<i
eiriBei^dpievoi, crcpd'i avTov<; ivTifjuorepov; KareaTTjaav 6 Be
X0709 el KaXoi^ BieXdot rdf; eKeivov rnrpd^ei'i, deifivj](TT0v dvry]v dpeTr]v ri-jv Evayopov irapd irdaiv dvdpco7roi<i Troujcreiev. 5
{/3 .) ^Ey^prjv jxev ovv Kal tov<; dXXovi etraivelv tov^ ecj)'
avTOiV dvBpa^ aya6ov<i yeyevT)/j,evov<;, Iv ol re Bwdfievoi Ta tu)v
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16 THE EVAGORAS
aXXcdv epya Kocr/xeLV iv elSocrc Troiovixevot Tov<i X6<yov<i Tal<i
aXrjOeMCi e')(^po)vro irepl avroiv, ol re vecorepoi <pi\oTi/j,OTep(o<;
OLeicetvTO tt/oo? ttjv dperrjv, €l86Te<;, ort rovroov euXojijcrovTaf'
fiaXkou div
av aneivovi a(f)d<; avTOV<; irapdcr'xwcriv. vvv he rt?ovK av adv/x7]aei€v, orav opa roi)? /uuev irepl rd TpcoLKa koL tou?
eTreKeiva yevo/nevov; vz-ivoviMevovi koI TpayaiBovfiivovi, avrov
he TrpoeiBy, firjS' av vTrep/SdWr] ra? eKecvcov dperdq, fMrjSeTrore
rocovrcov eiraivcov d^c(odi](r6fjievov ; rovrcov 8' aoTLO'i 6 (j)66vo<i
(p rovTo fiovov dyadov Trpoaea-rcv, ore fieyiarov KaKOv toi<;
exovaiv eaTcv. outo) yap rtve^ Sucr/coXo)? '7re(f)VKacnv, Mad'
^oiov dv evXnyov/j>evcov dKovoiev, ou? ovk taacnv el yeyovaaiv"
i) TovTcov, v(f) oiv ev ireirovdoTe'i avrol Tvy')(^dvovaiv. ov firjv
oouXevTeov roi"? vovv e')^ovTa<i T0t9 ovrco KaKco<i (f)povov(Ttv, dXXd
roiv fiev TOLovTcov dfjLeXrjTeov, tou? S' dXXov<i edtareov dKovetv,
TTepl Mv Kal Xeyeiv SiKaiov eariv, dXXoi<i t eTreihrj Kal rd'i
e7rt86cret9 icrfiev yiyvofjieva^ Kal rcav Te)(ySiV Kal tmv dXXoiV
aTTavrcov ov hid rov<i i/nfievovra^i Tol<i KadecrTwaiv dXXd Bed
Tov<; eiravopdovvTa's Kal roXficovTa'i del n Kcveiv rwv /xr) KaXcix;
iXovTcov.
8 {y •) OiSa iJbev ovv, otl yaXeTTOv earcv, o fieXXco Troielv,
dvSpo'i dperrjv Sid Xoywv eyKWjjbidl^eLV. cn]fietov Se /jieyLcrrov'
irepl fjbev ydp dXXcov ttoXXmv Kal iravTohairoiv Xeyeiv ToXfxwcnv
01 irepl rrjv (j)iXocro(f)lav ovre'i, irepl Se tmv tolovtcov ov8el<;
iTMiroT avTwv avyypd(j)eiv eirex^lprjaev. Kal iroXXrjv avToi^
e%(W avyyv(OfM'T]v. tol(; /xev ydp iroLrjral^ iroXXol heoovrat
^ KOCTfioL' Kal ydp irXrjcridl^ovra^ rou? 6eov<i Tol<i dv6pa)iroL<i
olov T avTOL<; iroifjaat Kal StaXeyofMevovi Kal avvaycovL^o-
fjt,evov<i ol<i dv (BovXrjOoiai, Kal irepl tovtwv St]X(jt)aac fxi] jxovov
Tot? TerayiJuevoL^ ovoixacriv, dXXd rd fxev ^evoa, rd he Kaivot<;,
rd he [xera^opal'^, Kal /xr]hev irapaXiirelv dXXd irdcri roL<; e'lheai
^OhiaiTOiKlXai rrjv irolrjatv rol'i he irepl rov<; X6yov<; ovhev e^ecrrt
rMV roLOvroiV, aXA,' diror6f^o)<; Kal rwv ovo/J-droov rot? iroXLriKOL<i
fjLovov Kal ra>v ivdv/jurj/jbdrcov rol<; irepl avrd^ rd'i irpd^ei,<i dvay-
Kalbv ean ^/3r)cr^ai. Trpo? he rovroi<i ol (xev fxerd fxerpwv Kal
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OF ISOCRATES. 17
pv9fjiu)v aTTdvra Troiovaiv, ol S' ouSevo^ tovtwv Koivcovovaiv
a ToaavTrjv e^^et ')(^dpLv, oyar av Koi rfj Xe^ec koI Tol<i evOv/ny]-
fiacnv e-^rj KaKw<;, 6fico<; auTal<i rat<i €upv6/jULai,<; koX rat'i o-uyu,//.e-
rpiai^ y\rv)(a'yoi'yovaL roii^ aKovovra<;. yvolrj S civ ri^ eKeWev ttjv 11
hvvafjbLv auTQJv rjv <ydp Ti<f twv 7roir]fidTcov rcov evooKifiovvTcov
ra fjuev ouo/xara kcu ra? BtavoLU^ KaraXiirr]^ to Se jierpov
BtaXvarj, (pavtjaeTaL ttoXv Karaheearepa rrj^ So^rj'^ rj^ vvv
ex^Ofiev irepl avTwv. Ofxo)^ Se KaiTrep roaovrov irXeoveKrovar}<i
Ti)<i 7roi7]cre(o(;, ou/c oKvifTeov aXk! dTroireipareov twv Xoycov
iarlv, el Kal rovro Suv7]aovrat, rou? dyadovi^ dvSpa<i euXoyecv
/u,r]8ei/ ')(elpov tcov iv rat-? wSat^ Kal rol'i /j,6rpoi<i eyKcofiia^ovrcov.
(()'.) IIpcoTOP fiev ovv Trepl rf;? (j)uaeco^ Tt]<; EvayopoVjYZ
Kal Tivoyv t)v diroyovo^, et Kal ttoXXoI TrpoeTTLaravrai, SoKel
fjLOL Trpeireiv /ca/^te tmu dXXwv eveKu ZieXdelv trepl avrcSv, Iva
TrduTe^ elBuxTip, on KaXXlaTwv avrco Kal pbeylaTwv irapa-
Seiy/xdrcou KcnaXeK^devToyv ovhev KardSeearepov aurov eKeiucov
irapea-^^ev. ofxaXoyelrai fxev yap tov^ dirro Aio^i evyeveaTaTov^^'f^
Twv '))p.i66(ov elvat, tovtoov 5' avrwv ovk ecmv 6ari<i ovk dv
AlaKLha^ irpoKplveLev ev [juev yap Tot9 dXXot<i ykvecriv evprj-
(TOfiev Tom fiev viJ^p^dXXovra^, rov^ Be Karaheearepovi 6vTa<i,
ouToi, B aTTuvTe^ ovopbaaroTaroi twv KaB' avTov<; yeyovaatv.
(e .) TovTO fiev yap AlaKO^ o Ato^; fxev eKyovo<;, rod Be yevovi 14
ToO TevKpiBwp irpoyovo^, roaovrov Bu]veyKev, axrre yevofievcov
avyjjiwv ev rot<i"EXXr)aiKal iroXXwv dvOpco'ircov BLatpOapevrwv,
eireLBri ro /xeyedo<; rr}? (TU/jL(j)opdi; vTrepeBaXXev, yXdov ol irpo-
earoore'i rojv iroXewv iKerevovre^ avrbv, vo/xifovre<; Bid tt}? ^auyyeveia<; Kal t/)s' eucre^eia^ tt}? eKeivov rdj(^Lar dv evpeaOai
irapa rwv Oewv ro^v irapovrcov kukmv dvaXXayn'iv, acoOevre^ ] 5
Be Kal rv)(ovTe^ mv eBe/jdtjaai'y lepov ev Alyivrj KaTeaiijaavro
KOLvov rwv EXXi'jvcdv, ovTrep eKeivo<i eirou'iaaro rtjv euj(i]v.
Kat, Kar eKeivov, re rov -^povov, ea}<; rjv pier dvOpcoirfov, p,erd
KaXXicrrij'i a)v Bo^i]^ BtereXeaev eTreiB)] re p.er)'iXXa^e rov (3iov,
Xeyerai irapa TIXovroiVL Kal Kopj] peyi(Tra<i ripidf; e)(on' irape-
Bpevetv eKeu'oi'i. (s-'.) Tovrov Be rraide<; i]aav TeXap.cov ArallO
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18 THE EVAGORAS
ni]X€v^, o)V 6 fxev €Tepo<i jjbeO'' 'HpaKXiou^ errl AaofieBovra
aTpaT6vad/u,evo<i apiaremv 7)^10067], IIrj\€V<i 8' ev re rfj /Jbdyr]
rfi TTpo^ KevTaupov<i dpcareuaa^ koI Kara iroWov^ aWovi
KLvhvvov<i €vSoKi/xr]aa<i QeTihi rfj Ni]pe(o^, dp?]Tb<i o)V dOavdrr),avuMKTjae, Koi /xovov rovrov (f)aal rwv Trpoyeyevrjfiivoyv viro
1'7 decov eu rot? yd/xoi'i v/j,evaiop aaOPpac. (^.) Tovtolv S" eKa-
repov, Te\afJba)VO<i jxev Ata<i kuI TeuKpo^ iyeviadrjv, UrjXeco'i
S' !/4^t\Xei/9, o'l fxeyiaTOP koI aac^eararov e'X.e'y)(ov ehoaav rrj<i
avTwv aperrj'i' ou yap ev ral<i aurwv iroXecrt p,6vov eirpwrevaav,
oiio iv Tol<i T07ro(9, ev oh KaruiKovv, dWd arpareiwi rol<i
'
EWrjaiv eVt Tov<i ^ap/3dpov^ yevofxevrj'^, koi ttoXKwv jxev
ISeKarepcov aOpoiadevTcov, ovSevb<i Se rwv ovofiacrToov diroXet-
(f)d£VTO';, iv TOVTOL<i TOi? Kcv8vvoi<i 'A')(^c\'\.ev^ fxev aTrdvTcov Suj-
veyKev, AiWi 8e /xer i/cetvov ^pLareuae, Tev/cpo'i Be t^9 re
TOVTwv avyyeveia<i d^io'? kol tcov aXXcov ovSevo<i xeipiov
yev6p,evo<i, eVetS?) Tpolav crvve^elXev, dcfiiKOfxevo'i eh Kvirpov
AoXapZva re KUTWKcaev, ofioovvfMOv iroLrjaa^ t?}9 Trporepov
avTu) iraTplho'i ouar}<i, koX to yevc; to vvv /3aai\evov KaTeXtTrev.
19 (^/.) Ta fj.ev ovv i/^ ^PX^l^ Evayopa Ttapd toov TrpoyovoiV
virap^avTa TifK.iKavTa to fieyeOo^; icTTiv. tovtov Se tov Tpoirov
T?}9 TToXeo)? KaToiKLoOeLaT}^ KaTCL [xev dp^d^ ol yeyov6Te<i aTTo
TeuKpov Trjv /SaatXelav el^pv, %pw&) S' vaTepov dcjuKOfxevo^
i/c ^oivtKTj'i dvi-jp (f)vyd'i koI TrtaTeuOeU viro tov Tore jBaaikev-
20ouTo<i Kol ijbeyd\a<^ SvvaaTeia<i Xa/3a)v ou %apti/
^(^X^
tovtcov,
aXXa KaKO'i fiev yevopuevo^ irepl tov v7ro8e^dfj,evov, Secvo^ Be
irpo<i TO irXeoveKTijcrat, tov fjuev evepyeTr^v e^ejSaXev, avT0<i Be
Tr]v ^acTiXelav KaTea^^v. diriaTOiv Be Toh ireirpayp.evoL'i Kal
/3ouXo/xevo^ da(f)aXa)<i KaTacrKevdaaadat to, Trepl avTov Trjv
re ttoXlv i^e^ap^dpcoae Kal Tifv vrjcrov oXrjv ^aatXel tw
21 fieydXcp KUTeBovXwaev. (d'-) Ovtco Be twv irpayp.dTcov Kad-
ecTTcoTcov Kal tcov eKyovciiv
tmv eKeivov ti]v dpx^jv eybvTwvEvayopo'i ylyveTat' irepl ov Td<; p^ev (f)r//j,a^ Kal Ta^ pLavTeia-^
Kal Ta9 o-<|rei9 xa? iv Toh v7rv(M<i yevopueva'i, e| oiv p,eL^6voi<i
dv ipavelT] yeyovax; i) KaT dv0pco7rov, aipovp^at ^apaXiTrelv, ovk
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OF ISOCRATES. 19
tLTTiaTOiv rol^ XeyoniuoL';, a\X Xva TTciai iroujao) (^avepov, ore
ToaovTov Se'o) TrXaad/jiepo^ elirelv n irepi roiv eKeivw TreTrpaj-
fjbevwVj ildcne. Kal tmu inrap'^oiniou a(f)Li]/xi ra roiavra^ Trepl Siv
oXiyoi TLve<i iirLCTTavTai Kat //.>; iravre^ ot iroXlrai avvicraacv.
ap^ofMcu S' i/c TOiv o/jLoXojQv/jievwv XeyeLv Trepl aiirov. 22
(t'.) IIal<i fiev yap mv ecrx^ kuXXo^ koX p(t)fn]v Kat
ao)(j)po(7vi'r)v, airep tcov uyaOoyv TrpeTrcoSecTTara roL<i tt/Xl-
KovTOi<i earlv. kol rovroiv fidprvpa'i av Ti<; 'Trou']aaiTo, T7]>i
jxeu aa)(j)pocruur]<i rov^ avp,7raihevdevTa<i tmi> ttoXltcov, tov 8k
KciXXou^ airavTWi Tov<i ISovtu^, t?}^ Se p(i}/j,rj<; rov'^ {deaaafMevov^
rov<i) dyoyva^, ev oh eKelvo^ tmv I'jXvKioiTOiv eKpaTiaTevaev. 23
dvSpl Se yevoiievcd ravrd re Travra aupt]u^)']d>] Kal Trpo? tov-
roc<i dvBpia Trpocreyivero Kal ao(f)ia Kal StKaioavpr], Kal ravr'
ov /u,eaco<i ov8 wrnrep erepoa rialv, ciXX eKaarov aurwv el's
v7rep^oX)']v • toctovtov yap Kat Tal>i tov aca^aro'i Kal ral'i rr}'^
'^v)(Ji^ dpeTals 8u]veyKev, coaO' oirore /mev avrov opwev ol rore 24
j3acnXevovre<;, iKTrXi']TTeadat Kal (f)ol3ei(r6at, irepl Tr]<i ap'^y)^.
rjyov/ubevov>i ov)(^ olov t elvat rov tolovtov rrjv (^vaiv ev iSicoro?'
fj,epei Scayayelu, OTrore 8' et? toi)? rpotrov^ d7ro/3Xeylretav, ovrco
a(f)uSpa TncTTevetv, oiar ec Kat ra dXXo<; toX/jlcot] Trepl aurov^^
e^a/jbaprdvetv, vo/ML^eiv Euayopav avToi<i eaeaOai jSor/dov. ((.a'.")-J5
Kal Toarovrov rr]<; 8o^r]<i TTapaXXaTTOva-q<i ouSerepov tovtcoi'
iyjreuadijaap • ovre yap l8i,coTr](; mv 8ieTeXe(xev ovre Trepl eKei-
vois i^}']fiapTev, dXXd roaavriiv 6 haipidiv ea-^ev avrov Trpovouw.
0'ir(i}<s KaXM'i Xi)-^eTai ti^v ^aaiXelav, oicrff ocra fiev dvayKalov
7]v TrapacTKevacrO rival St' daejSeiaq, raura fiev €Tepo<i eTrpa^ev.
e^ oiv S' olov r rjv oaioi^ Kal 8LKaLW^ Xa^elv rijv dpyijv.-ia
Evayopa 8c€(f)vXa^ev. eh yap tmv 8vv(i(XTev6vT(ov eTri/3ov-
Xeuaa<i tov re Tupavvov aTreKTeive Kal a-vXXa/Setv Evayopav
eTTe')(eiprjaev, >]yovfx,evo<i ov 8vv)jaea0aL KaTua-^elv tjjv dp^rjv,
el /Ml] KaKelvov eKTroOoov TroDjcraiTo. 8ia(^vycov 8e tov k(.v8vvov -i"?
Kul acodeh eh ^6Xov<; tP]^ KiXiKca^ ov tijv avTiju yvco/xyjv eo-)(e
Toh Tah Toi,avTai<; av/x(popah TrepiTTLTTTovaiv. ol fxev yap
dXXoi, Kuv eK Tvpavvb8oi eKTrcacocri, 8ia Tat; Trupovaa'i Tvyas'
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20 THE EVAGORAS
raTreivoTepa^ Ta.9 '^v)(a<; ey^ovaiv • eKelvo^ h" et? rocrovrov
/j,eja\o(})po(TVV'T]<i rjXOev, ojare top aWov ')(^p6vov iStcor?;? wv,
^(jeTreiSi] cfievyeiv T'jifajKdadTjj Tvpavveiv q»]6'q BeLV. kul Tov-i
/juev TrXdvov^ rov^ cf)vyaSi.Kov<; /cal ro Sl erepcov '^rjrelv t7]v
KCiOohov fcnl OepaTveveiv avrou ')(eipov<i vTrepelSev, Xa/Soyv he
ravrrjv d(^opfx,'i]v, yvTrep ' ')(^pt) tou<; ev>jej3elv ^ovXofievuu^,
dfivveaOai koI pbrj irporepovi V7rdpj(eiv, Kal irpoeKopievo'i rj
KaTop6coaa<i rvpavvelv i) Stafiaproiv cnToOaveiv, irapaKa\eaa<;
dp0pco7rou^, CO? oi TOL/9 TrXetcrToy? Xeyovre?, Trepl irevTi'^Kovra,
29 fierd toutcov TrapecrKevd^ero Troieicrdai rrjv KdOohov. odev Kal
fjudXiar dp Ti? koI ti]p (fivaiv t)]p eKeiPov Koi ti]p Eo^ap, i]P
a.-)(e irapd tol^ a\Xoi<;, Oecopyaetep ' fM€X\.oPTO<i yap ifXeiv
p^erd ToaouTcop eVi rrjXLKavTrjp nrpd^ip ro p.eyeOo'i Kal ttcivtcop
TO)P SeiPMP irXijcriop optcop ovt e.Kelvo'^ rjOvp^rjaep ovre tcop
TTapaK\rj6epT(jiP ovSel<; uTroaTpjpai roiP klpSvpcop rj^iuxTep, dW01 puep oyairep Oeut avpuKokovOovPTe^ diraprei; ipep^etpap roL<i
0)/^oAo7?7/iei'Oi9, 8' coairep i) arparoTreSop exoiv Kpelrrup to)p
dpTiTTa\(OP r] TrpoetS&j? to aup,l3r]a6p.ePOP ovtm hheKCLTO T7]p
'^Qyvcop,7]p. (t/3'.) ArjXop S' eK to)p epywp' d'KO^d<i <ydp el^ ttjp
prjaop ou^ rjy)]aaTO 8e2p ^oiplop i'^vpov KaraXajBwP Kal to
aM/x ip d(T(f)aXeia KaTaari'iaa^i TrepiiSetp, et ri,pe<i aurw tcop
TToXiTMP ^otjdijaoucrtp • dXX' €v6u^, coairep eL')(e, TavTr]<i tt}?
puktc; SieXu)P tou Tei-^ovi irvXlha Kal Taurr} tov<; p.e6^ aurov
{Whiayaycop TrpoaejBaXXe irpb^; to /SacrtXeLop. Kal tov<; p,ep
0opv/3ov^ Tov<i ep TOi^ TOLOVTOi^ Kaipot<i yiypofievovi Kal tovi^
(f)0^ov<; T0f9 TMP dXXcop Kal ra? TrapaKeXeva-ea Ta<; eKelpov
TL Set XeyopTa SiaTpt'^etp; yepop^epcov 8' avTu> rdv [xep Trepl
TOP Tvpappop dPTaycopia-TMP, tcop S' dXXcop ttoXitmp OeaTcav,
hehioTe^; yap tou /mep ttjp dp')(yp), tov 8e ryp dpeTijp ->]av)(^Lap
ti2el)^op, ou Trporepop eTravaaTo p,a')(^6p,ePo^ Kal p.6po^ 7rpb<;
7roXXov<{ Kab p^er oXiycop 7rpo<i dirapTos \Tov<i e')(6pov<f\,
rrplp eXecp to ^aaiXeiop, Kal Tov<i t i'^Opov'i iTip.a)py]aaTO
Kal Tot9 ^iXoi/i i/Bo)]6)]aep, ert Se tco yepet Td<; rtyua? Ta^ ira-
rpiovi eKop^iaaro, Kcn Tvpappop avTOP tt}"? 7r6X€Ci)<; KaTearrjaep.
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OF ISOCRATES. 21
(iy .) 'Hyovfiac /u,ev ovv, el Kal fir]hei^b<i aXXou ./jivijaOeirjv, 33
aXX ivravOa KaTaXiiroL/jiL rbv Xoyov, pahoov e'/c rovTwv eivai
yvMvai Ti'jp t' dpeT7]v tj/v Euayopou Kal to fjikyedo^ r&iy 7re-
irpayfievwv ov fi-ijv a\X en ye aaipecrrepov irepl afKporepMV
TOVTOiv eK TOiv e^ofjievoyv olfiaL S}jX(0(X6tv. (^S .) Toaovrcov^'i
yap Tvpdvvcov ev aTravTt tco '^(^povw yeyevrjfievwv ovhe\<i (pavrj-
aerac rrjv Ttyw.r)f TavTi]V KuXktov eKeivov KTr]CTdp,evo<^. el jjuev
ovv irpo^ eKaarov avrcov ra? irpd^efi rd<; Evayopou irapa-
^aXXocfiev, ovt dv 6 \6yo^ to-o)? toI-^ KaLpol^; dpfMocretev out
dv ')(^pbvn^ Tot'? Xeyojj,eL>oi<i apKecretev•
yv 8e TrpoeXbjjbevoL
Tov<i evBoKi/jLooTUTOVi eVt TovTOii' aKOTTMjJbev, ovhev fMev ^eipov
i^eTM/jiep, TToXij 8e auPTO/jLcoTepov hiaXe')(6ri(76ixeOa irepl
aVTMV.
(te.) Twv (JLtv ovv Tca TraTpLfcd'i /3acnXeia<i 7rapaXa/36vTcov'io
Tc<i ouK dv T0v<i Evayopou KLvhvvou<i irpoKplvecev ; ou8el<i yap
eaTOv ovTO) padufxo^, oari'i dv Be^atTO irapd tmv irpoyovwv TrjV
dp-)(i}v TavTi]v 7rapaXa/3eiv /xdXXov rj KTTjadfievo'i coairep eKeivov
Tol'i rraLal Tol<i auTou KaTaXnrelv. (^S"'0 K.al /xijv tmv 76 36
iraXatoiv KaOohoiv avrac [xaXLtxT evBoKifxouaiv, d>i irapd tcov
TiocrjTMV d/couofiev ' oiiroL yap ov p.ovov twv yeyevt)p,kvwv
Ta<? KaXXi(rTa<i 7]/j,iv dirayyeXXovaiv, dXXd Kal irap avTOiV
Katvd<; (TuvTiOeaaiv. dXX! o//,ft)? ouhel'i auTOiv /LLe/juvOoXoyrjKev,
ofjTL^ ovTOj Seivou^ Kal (fio/3epov^ 7roL7]adfievo<; Tov<i Kiv8vvou<;
el's TTjV auTov KaTpjXOev • dXX^ ol p,ev TrXelaToi Treiroii^vTai Sid
TU)(^rjV Xal36vTe<i Ta^i ^a(TiXeLa<;, ol Se ixeTCu hoiXov Kal Te^vr)'?
7repr/ev6p,evoL tmv e-)(9poiv. (i^-) ^AXkd fitjv tcov y eVt Ta8e37
yeyevi]fiev(ov, law^ Zk Kal twv uTrdvTcov, Kvpov tov Mi'jScov /xev
d(peX6pievov ti)v dp'^^rjv, IIepaai<; 8e KT)]ad/xevov, Kal TrXelaroi
Kal /judXifTTa Oav/xd^ovaiv. dW' 6 /uuev tw Ilepacov aTpaTO-
7riB(p TO Ml]So)V eiHK1](TeV, O TToXXol Kal TOiV 'EXXijvcov Kal tmv
^ap/3dpcov paSlco'i dv Troo'jaetav ' o 8e 8td tj}? v/''U^>)9 tj/s" uutov
Kal tov adifiaTo^i to. irXelcrTa (palveTai tcov 7Tpoeip7]p,ev(ov
BiaTrpa^dfxevo'i. eireiT eK fj,ev t?}? Kvpov cTTpaTi^yia^ ovttw'^^
hrjXov, oTi Kal roi"? Euayopov Ktvhvvov<i dv inre^etvev, eK hk
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22 THE EVAGORAS
TO)v T0VT(p TreTTpay/jLevMV airaai (jiavepov, otl paSico^ av KUKei-
i'oi<i Tolfi epjoa eTrex^iprjaev. nrpo^ Be tovtoi^ tm fiev oaiw^
Kol ScKalwi arraina TreTrpaKTat, rw S' ovk et-cre/Sw? evLa
(rv/ji/3el3ijKGv ' 6 fjiev yap rov'i e')(9pov<^ aTTwXea-e, Kvpo'^ he rov
irarepa top t>/9 /xrjrpo'i aireKTeivev. o)(tt et rcve^ /3ov\olvto fir]
TO fjueyedo^; tmv avfx^dvrcov aWa rrjv aper^jv rrjv eKarepov
Kpivecv, hiKaiw<i av Evayopav Kal tovtov /uidWov eVat-
odvecrecav. el Se Sei aui'T6/j,o)<; Kal fitjSev inroareiXd/jbevov fxrjBe
oeiaavTa top cpdovov dWd irapprjCTLa '^prjadfjievov eiTrelvj ovSel'i
ovre 6vr]To<i ovff' i)fjildeo<i ovr d6dvaTo<; evped/jcrerai, KdWiov
ovSe XafiTTporepov 0118' evae^earepov \a^o)v eKeivov rrjv
(SaaiXeiav. Kai rovroL'i eKeivw^ dv tl^ fidXicrra TrKTreixretev,
el crcfiSSpa roi'i \eyo/jievoi.<; d7ricrTi]cra<i e^erd^etv eTrtj^eip'^o-etev,
oTTco^; eKucTTO^ eTvpdvvevaev. (painjcrofiai yap ovk e'/c 7ravT0<;
rpoTTOV fMeyaXa Xeyetv 7rpo6vfiov/ji,€i'o<i dWd Sid ti-jv tov
7rpdyp,aT0<i dXi^deiav ovrw irepl aurov 6pacre(o<i elprjKOi^.
40 ("?'•)^^'
A*-^^ oSv eirl p,iKpol<^ Sc'>]veyKe, tolovtcov avKal Tcov Xoyojv avroj rrpoarjKev d^tov(rOac ' vvv S" d7ravre<i
dv opLoXoyi']aeiav rvpavvlSa Kal tmv delwv dyadoyv Kal twv
dvOpcoTTLVcov pbeytcTTov Kal aefivoTarov Kal 7repifxa')(iiT0TaT0v
eivac. tov Si) to KdXXccrrov tmv ovtcov KdXXiara Krijadjuevov
Tt9 dv i) 7rot,i]Tr]<; i) Xoycov ei/per?)? d^lo)^ tmv TreTrpay/nevcov
eiraiveaeiev;
41 (*^'-) Ou Tolvvv ev T0UT0t<; vTrep/SaXofxevo'i ev Tot? dXXoi<?
evpeOijcreTai KaTa8eeaTepo<; yevofievo^, dXXd irpMTov fxev ev-
(pu6a-TaTo<i MV Ti]v yvdifXTjv Kai irXelcrra Karopdovv hwdfievoq
O/Lio)? OVK (pijOrj Selv oXiycopeiv ov8' avToa')(^eSui^eLV irepl twv
7rpay/j.dT(ov, aA-V ev ru) ^rjreiv Kal (f)povTi^eiv Kal /SovXevecrdat
TOV irXeldTov tov '^^povov BieTpi^ev, rjyov/xevo'i /nev, el KaXoo<;
Trjv avTov (jipovrjaLV TrapacrKevdaeiev, 6/jiOLO)<i avTw Kal ttjv
/SaatXelav e^etv, Oavfxd^cov 8 baot, twv /nev dXXcov eveKa t7]<;
'^I'XV'i iTOiovvTai Trjv eirc/j^eXeiav, avTt]^ Be TavTr)^ firjBev
42 TfY^az/oucrt cfypovTi^ovTe^. eireiTa Kal irepl toSv irpayixdTwv
TTjv avT'>]V Bidvoiav el')(ev • opcov yap tou9 dpicTTa twv ovtcov
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OF rSOCRATES. 23
^TrcfjbeXoufj.evov; eXd-)(i(TTa Xvrrovfxei'ov^, Kal Ta.9 ciXr]6iva<; twv
padvfjbiwv ovK iv rac'i ap'yiai'^ dXk ev rat? evirpajiai^ koi
KapTepLac<i evovaa<;, ovhev dve^eracrTov TrapiXeLirev, dXX' ovTco<i
dicpijBw'^ Kal ra<i Trpd^ea ySei, Kcd tmv ttoXltcov CKaarov iyl-
<ypco(TKei' co(TT£ fi^re tol"? e'm^ov\evovra<i avTu> (f>daveiv pit'jre tou?
€7ri€CKet<i ovra^ XavOdvecv, dWd Trdvra^ TV'y)(civeLv twv irpoar]-
KOVTcov ov ydp i^ mv krepwv ijKovvev ovr eKoXa^ev oin eTifJua
Toi)^ iroXlra'?, dXX' e|- o)V avro<; avvrjSei ra? Kpicrei^ eVotetTO
Trepl avroiv. ev Toiavrat'^ S" erriiJieXeiai^ avrbv icaracni^aa^ A^
ovhe Trepl tmv Kara rrjv rjfiepav eKacTTTjv TTpoaTrnrTovTwv ovSe
Trepl ev TreTrXavrjfievM^ ^^%^^> dXX' outco 0eo(f)i,Xco<; Kal (f)tXav-
dpMTfO)^ hupKei ry)v ttoXcv Mcrre rou? elcra(f>i,Kvovfxevou^ fx,r]
/judXXov Evayopav t?}? dp')(rj^ ^rjXovv rj tov<; aXXov<; t?)<? vtt
eKeivov ^acnXeia'^ ' dtravTa yap rov y^povov hieTeXeaev ovSeva
fiev dSiKMV, TOV'^ 8e ^pT/uroU'? tl/hmv, Kal acfyoBpa fiev diravTcov
dpy(ov, po/jii/jb(o<i Se Tov<i e^ajxaprovra'^ KoXd^cov • ovSev /Ltey44
(TVfijBovXoiv heofjbevo'^, o/z-w? he TOi<; (f)(XoL<; av/ji/3ovXeuo/jb€Vo<i
TToXXd pbev TMV )(^pai[Mevwv riTTcofievo^i, dnravTa he tow e-)(6po)V
TTepiytyvofxevo^ • aefxvo'^ o)V ov ral'^ rov TrpocrcoTrov avvay(i)yal<i
dXXd Tai<i rov jSiov KaracTKeval^ • ovhe 7rpo<; ev draKTO)^ ouS'
dvco/jbdXwi htaKeiixevo^ dXX! 6//.ot&)? rd<i ev Tol'i epyoL<i o/jioXoyia<;
oiairep Td<; ev roiq X6yoL<i hiacfyvXdrTcov • fieya (fypovMV 01//C45
tVl rol<; 8td TVxnT^ dXk! iirl rol^ hi! avrov yiyvopuevot'^ • tov<;
fjiev (f)LXov<i Tai<i evepyecriat'^ v<f avrrn Troiovfievo^;, tov<; h'
aXXovs T?j fxeyaXoyjrv^^^La KaTahovXovfjLevo<; • (f)o^epo<i mv ov
TM TToXXolfi ')(aXe'TralveLV dXXd rw ttoXv rrjv tmv dXXoyv (pvatv
vTrepfddXXew • rjyovfxevo<; tmv rjhovMV dXX ovk dyofievo<; vir
avTMV • oXiyoci ttovol^ 7roXXd<; 'paaTci>va<i KTcofievo^ dXX ov
hid fjbLKpd<; padvfMtai; fjbeydXov<i ttovov^ vTroXenro/jLevo'^ • 6X,&)?^q
ovhev TrapaXeLTTMV mv irpoaelvat hel Tol<i ^aaiXevaiv, aXX
ef eKdcTTri'^ t?}<? TroA-tre/a? e^eiXey/xevo^ to ^eXTiaTOV, Kal
8r]iJiOTi,Ko<; fiev mv tt] tov TrX^]9ov<i Oepaireia, ttoXltiko^ he Trj .
T^? TToXew? oA,7/9 hioiK7]aeL, aTpaTrjyiKo<; he ttj 7rpo<; tov<;
Kivhvvov^ ev/SovXla, TvpavviKO<; he tm irdcn tovtol'^ hia<pepeiv.
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24 THE EVAGOEAS
Kal ravO' on Trpoarjv Euayopa, Koi TrXeico rovrcov, i^ avrcov
Tcoy epycov paSiov Kara/xaOeiv.
47 («;'.) UapaXa^cbv yap rrjv ttoXi.v iK^efBap^apwfievrjV
Kal ^la rrjv ^otviKoiv apXW oure rov'i ''EXk7]va<; TrpoaSe-y^o-
/levrjv ovre T€'xva<i eincnaiJbivrjv out epLTTopla) ')(^pa>iJievr]V ovre
\i/u,eva KeKTTjfievrjv ravrd re iravTa hioipdwae Kai 7rpo<; tcvtoi<;
Kal ')((t)pav TToWijv TrpoaeKT^jaaro Kal Tei-^rj irpocnTepcejBaXeTo
Kal rpc7]peL<i evavjrrjyrjcraTo Kal rat? dWafi KaraaKeual'i ovrco^
rv^rjae rrjv iroXiv cocrre /jirjSefiiaJi tmv 'EWrjvlBcov aTroXeXet-
(fiOal, Kal hvvajxiv Toaainrjv eveiroirjcrev coaT€ iroXXov; ^o-
AS(3eta6ai tmv irporepov KaTCKppovovvrcov avTy)<;. Kairot ttjXi-
Kavra^ e7nS6aet<i rd'i 7r6X€i,<; Xafi^dvecv ov^ olov t iariv,
rjv fMr'] Tt? avTa<i Slolkj} toiovtoc<; ^)9e(JLv o'lol^ Evayopa'i fiev
eZ^ei', iyco 8' oXiyco irporepov eTreipcWijv SteXdeLV. cocrr on
SeSoiKa, fir] (fiavo) fxel^o) Xeycov tmv eKeivw irpoaovTOiV dXka
49 /Li-?) TToXv Xiav diroXeiipda) tmv iteirpaypiivoiv avrw. rk yap
dv i(})lKotTo T0LavT7]<i (fivaew;, o? ou pbovov t)]v avTov iroXtv
irXelovo^ d^lav eTroirjaev dXXd Kal rov tottov bXov tov
7repie-)(0VTa rrjv vr)aov irrl Trpaortjra Kal fieTpLOTTjTa irporjyayev;
Trplv jxev ye Xa^eu' Evayopav rrjV dpxv^ ovtco<; dTrpoaoiaToy^
Kal ;^dtXe7r(W9 fiXoz^, wcrre Kal tmv dp')(0VT0>v tovtov^ evo/jut^ov
elvai /3eA,Tto 1 ou?, o'iTtve<i wfioraTa 7rp6<; tov<; "EXXrjvaq Bia-
^QKelfxevoL Tvy)(avoLev • vvv he toctovtov fjueTaTreTTTooKaaiv wad
d/jLiXXdcrOat/juev,
oiTive^ avTcovSo^ovat (jiiXeXXrjve^ elvai
jjbdXicrTa, iracSoTTotelaOai Se rov'i TrXelcTTOvi avTcov yvvatKaf;
Xa/ji^dvovTa<i Trap tj/jlmv, 'x^alpeiv Be koi TOi<i KT7]/u.acn Kal
TOi'i eTriTr-jhevpLaaL Tol<i'
EXXtjvlkoI^ fxdXXov i] toI^ irapa
a(j)Laiv avT0i<;, TrXeioi;? 8e Kal tmv irepl Trjv jxovaiKijv Kal
TMV irepl Ti]v dXX7]v iraihevcnv ev Tourot? TOt? roTTOi'i Sta-
rpl^eiv, Tj Trap oh rrpoTepov elwdoTe^ rjoav. Kat tovtmv
dirdvTMV ovhel<i 6aTt,>i ovk dv Evayopav a'iTiov elvai, irpoao-
, fxoXoyrjcreiev.
51 (/ca.) MeyccTTov Be TeK/uiijptov Kal tov Tporrov Kal tT]^
oo'ioTrjTO'i T>}9 eKelvov ' TMV yap EXKi'jvmv ttoXXoc kcu koXol
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OF ISOCRATES. 2o
Kor/aOol Ta<i aiiroov TrarplSa^ d7ro\L7r6vT€<i rjXdov 669 Kvirpov
olKt](TOVT€^, fjyov/j,€POt Kov(^OTepav Kol vofjLL/jLcoTepav elvai ri]v
Evajopov /3acrt\€iav tmp olkoc iroXiTeLwu ' o)V tou? /xev aWov<;
ovofiaaTi SceXOelp ttoXv av epyov elrj • Kovoova 8e top Sta02
TrXeiarai; apera^ 7rp(oreucravTa tcop 'EXk)]va}v T19 ouk oiSev,
on hvmv')(i]aa^ i^ cnravTOiv eKXe^dfjuevo^ &)9 Evayopav ijXde,
vofilaa<i Kul Tu) crco/jiaTi, /3e/3aiOTdT7]v elvai t)]v Trap etcelvcp Kara-
(fivyrjv Koi TTJ TTokei rd'^LO-r' dp avrop yepeaOai jSorjOop. Kal
TToWd Trporepop ijSi} KaT(op6o)Koo<i ovSe irepl epo<i TrdywoTe irpd-
y/juiTO'i eBo^ep dfietpop ?) irepl tovtov /SouXevcraadai, ' avpejirj yap 53
avTw Std T)]P d(f)i^cp Ti]p el<; Kvirpop kuI TTOLfjcrat koI Traueiv
TrXetcTT^ dyadd. irpoyrop fiep yap ouk e(f)0acrap dWrjXot<i
irXricndaaPTe^ Kal irepl TrXeloPd iTTOirjaapro cr(f)d<i avTov<;
r) T01/9 Trporepop 0iK6L0u<i oPTa'^. eirecra irept re tcop dXXoJv
6/jL0P00VPTe<i aTrapxa top ^(^popop hiereXeaap Kal irepl rrj^
rj/j,er€pa<; 7roXew9 t)]p avrrjp ypcofirjp ei')(OP. opoipre'i yap 54
avrrjv vtto AaKeSaifioPLOt^; ovcrav kol fxeydXr] ixeTajBoXfj
Ke)(pr]fji,€P7]p Xvirripoi^ Kal /3apeo)<; e(j)€pop, djjbc^orepoL Trpocn]-
Kopra TTOLovPTe'i • tw fxep yap ijp (f^vaei jrarph, top Se Sid
7ToXXd<; Kal y.eydXa<i evepyeaia^ p6fx& TroXiTrjp eTreTTOirjPTC'
cTKorrovixepoL^ S avrol^, ottco? twp au/ji(f)opMP avT7]P diraX-
Xd^ovai, Ta~)(pp top Kaipop AaKeSaLfxovioL TrapeaKevacrap *
dpxoPT€<i yap To)P'
EXX/jpcop Kal Kara yr}P Kal Kara OdXar-
rap ei? tout uttXi^cttLa<; i]Xdop, wore Kal rrjp ^Acrlap KaK(a<;
TTOielp i7r€)(^6LpT]aav. Xal36vT€'i S' exelpoL tovtop top Kaipop 55
Kal TO)P aTparrjycop tmp /3acnXea>'; dTropovproov, 6 tl ')(^pi]acoprat
TO6? Trpdyfiaaip, iSlSacTKOP avTou^ firj Kara yrjP dXXd Kara
ddXarrap iroLeladaL top iroXefxop top 7rpo9 AaKeSai/jiOPiou<i,
pofXi^oPTe';, el fiep Tre^op aTparoireZov KaraaTijcraiPTO kol
TovTo) irepiyepoLPTo, ra irepl tPjp rjiretpop fiopop KaXco^ e^eiv,
el Se Kara BdXaTrap KpaT/)<xeiap, diracrav T))p 'EXXdSa T7}9
PLKi]<i TavTi]<i /jLede'^etP. oirep aupe/Sr) ' izeiaOepTOiP yap raina^iS
Tcop arparijycop kuI pavrucov avXX€^/ePT0<i AaKeSai/xopioL /j.ep
KaTepav/iia')(i]67]aap Kal t?'}9 "PX^ direaTepy'jOrjaap, 01 S"'EXX7]pe<i
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26 THE EVAGORAS
rjKevOepoiOricrav , r) Se 7roA,t? rj/jio)v t?)? re TvaXaia^ ho^r}^; /jL6po<;
Tt, TTciXcv ave\a/3e koI tmv (rvfjbfJ,ci'^(oi> rjjefidiv Karecnrj. koi
ravT eTTpcf^Or] Kovcovo'i /juev aTpaTr]yovPTO<;, Evayopov Se
TOVTO re 7rapaa-)(ovTO'^ koi Tf]<i Bvvd/jieco'i rr}v 7r\ei(TT7]v irapa-
•J ' (TKevaaavTO^. v-rrep oiv >?/xet9 jxev aurov<i eri/jirjcrafiev rai^
fxeyiarac^ TLfxal'^ koX ra^ eiKova^ auTcop eaT'ijcra/jiev, ovirep ro
Tov Alo<; dyaXfia rov acoTi]po<;, ifXT^crlov eKeivov re /cat acf^oov
avrwv, dfi(f)OTepa)V virofivqixa, koX tov fceyedovi rrj<; evepyeaLa<i
Kol rr}<^ (f)i\La<; tt)? tt/^o? dWr]\ov<;.
(/c/3 .) JBacrtXeu? 8 ov t7]v avrijv yvco/jLTjv ea'^e vrepl avrm'j
aW' oacp [lel^co Kal 7rXe/oz/o? cl^ia Kareipydaavro, ToaovTco
fjidXKov eheiaev aijroix;. Trepl jxev ovv K6vo)vo<; aX\.o<i rj/xlv
ecTTUL X070? • oTi Se Trpo? Evayopav outco? ecr^ev, ouS' avTo<i
58\a9€lv i^)]Tr]crev. (fyaiverai yap fidWov fiev cnrovZdcra'? irepl
TOV ev Kinrpo) iroXepbov rj irepl tou? dX\ov<i d7ravTa<;, fiel^oo
Be Kal ')(^a\€7rcoT6pov eKeivov dvTaywviCTTrjv vofiicra'i rj Kvpov
TOV ireplT?}? jBacriK.eia'^ d/ui(f)i(T/3r]Tr]o-avTa. /xeytcrTov 8e T€K-
^rjpLOV ' TOV jjbev yap ukovcov Ta<^ 7rapa(rKevd<i toctovtov
KaTe(f)p6v7)(7ev, wcne 8i,d to jjurj (ppovTL^eiv fiiKpov Selv ekaOev
avTov eTTi TO /3aai\€iov eTriaTd<i • irpo'i he tovtov ovtw^ ck
TToWov 7r6piSeco<; ea^ev, wcrre fjbeTa^i) 7rd(T~)(0iv ev 7ro\e/j,eiv
Trpo? avTov eTre-)(eipr]ae, hiKaia fiev ov ttolwv, ov fjbrjv iravTa-
^^TTaaiv dX6yw<i ^ov\ev(Tdfievo<;. rjiricTTaTO fiev yap ttoXXoix;
Kal Twv 'EWi'p^cov Kal twv ^ap/Sdpcov eK Tairetvaiv Kal ^avkwvTrpayixaToyv fieydXa^ 8vvaaTeia<i KaTepyacra/jievov<;, rjcrOdveTo
8e TTjv Evayopov ^eyaXoy^v)(^Lav Kal Td<; e7rL86(TeL<i avTa> Kal
tt}? B6^7j<; Kal TWV TrpayfidTcov ov KUTa /jUKpov yiyvofxeva^; aXXa
Kal Trjv (f>V(Tiv dvv7rep^Xr]T0V e')(OVTa Kal ttjv TV')(r]v avTW
60 crvvaya)VL(^0jjiev7]v • coctt ovk virep t(Sv yeyevr}/j,evo}v opytt^ofjievo^
dXXd irepi tcov fjueXXovTcov (})o^ovfievo<;, ov8e irepc Kvirpov
fjbovov SeStft)? dXXd iroXv Trepl fxei^ovwv eiroirjo-aTO tov TroXefiov
Trpo? avTov. ovto) S' ovv wpfjurjaev, wctt ei? Tr]v orTpaTeiav
TavTrjv irXeov i) ToXavTa TrevTaKicr'^lXia kol /xvpta KaTrjvdXco-
61 crev. {x^J •} '-4X,\' o/xw? Evayopav irdcraL^ d'rroXe\etfji[Jievo<i
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OF ISOCRATES. <C t
Tai<; SvvdfMeaiP, avTtTd^a<; rrjv avrov yvco/jiriv Trpo? Tai? ovto)^
V7repfi€'ye9€i,<i TrapacrKevd^;, iireSei^ev avrov iv TouTOi<? ttoXv
Oav/jiaaTorepov rj tol<; dXXoi^ rot? 7rpo€tpr)fievoi<;. ore fiev yap
avrov eiodv eip-qvTjv ayecv, rrjv avrov iroXiv fiovrjv Gf)(ev • eireLoi] ^^
S' TjvayKdaOr) TToXefielv, rotovro<; rjv Kal roiovrov elye Tlvvra-
yopav rov viov rov avrov avvaywvLcrrriv, oxrre fxiKpov fxev
iSerjcre Kvirpov drracrav Karacr^elv^ ^oiviicip' K e7rop6rjae,
Tvpov Se Kara Kpdro'i elXe, KiXifclav 8e ^aaiXea)<i dTrearijcre,
rocrovrovi 8e row ttoXc/xlcov dircoXeaev oicrre rroXXov^ Tlepacov
7r6vdovvra<; ra? avrcov avp.cfyopd'^ /xef^vfjadaL t?}? dperf]<; t?}?
eKeivov • reXevroiv S' ovra>^ eveirXTjcrev avrov^ rov TroX€p,eiv,C}3
<a(7r eWtap^evcov rov dXXov y^povov roiv ^aaiXewv /xi] SiaXXar-
readat rol^; dirocrrdai, rrplv Kvpcoc yivoivro rwv acop,dro)v.
dafJbevoL rrjv elpr]V7]v eTrocrjaavro, Xvcravre^; pev rov v6p,ov
Tovrov, ouSev Se Kivi]aavre<i rr]<; Evayopov rvpavvlSo<i. «at64
AaKeSaip^ovicov p,ev ro>v Kal ho^av Kal hvvapav p^eyLcrrrjv
€')(ovr()iv Kar eKeivov rov ')(^povov ivro<; rpioiv eroiv d^eiXerorqv dp')(rjv, Evayopa Be rroXepbrjaa^ errj ScKa rd)v avroiv Kvpiov
avrov KareXirrev, oivrrep rjv Kal irplv el^ rov rroXepov elaeXOelv.
o he rrdvrojv Beivorarov ' rr]v yap ttoXiv, rjv Evayopa^ erepov
TVpavvovvro<i p^era irevri'jKovr dvhpoyv elXe, ravrrjv /3aaiXev<i
p,€ya^ roaavrtjv Svvap,LV e^div ov)(^ olo^ r eyevero '^(etpu)-
rracrdai.
(kB'.) Kalrot TTWs" dv rt^ rrjv avSpiav i) rrjv (ppovijcnv rj65
(Tvp^rracrav rijv dperrjv rijv Evayopov (pavepdyrepov eTrcSei^eiev
rj hid roLovroiV epywv Kal klvSvvcov ; ov yap povov (pavelrai
rov? aTCXov^ 7roXep,ov<; dXXd Kal rov roov rjpojcov v7rep^aX6fji,evo<;,
rov VTTO rrdvrwv dvOpcorrcov vp,vovp,evov- ol p,€v yap pueff
d'irdcnj<i rrj^ 'EXXdSof Tpoiav povrjv eTXov, 6 8e /iuav ttoXiv
e-^^oav 'jrpo'i drraaav rrjv 'Acriav erroXeprjaev Mcrr el roaovroc
ro 7rXij6o<; eyKOip,id^eiv avrov 7j^ovXrj6rjcrav, ocroi rrep eKeivov;,
troXv dv p^ei^co Kal rrjv ho^av avrcov eXa^ev. (/ce'.) Tiva(S(S
yap evpyjaofxev rwv rore yevojievoiv, el rom pbvOov^ d(pevre<i
rrv dXrjOeiav o-KO-rrolpiev, roiavra 8ia7re7rpayp,evov, rj rlva
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28 THE EVAGORAS
roqovTOiv /neTa^oXcov iv TOL<i Trpdy/u.acnv atTiov 'ye'yevrjixevov ;
09 auTov fiev e^ lSkotou rvpavvov Karearr^cxe, ro he yevo<; airav
aTreXrjXafjLevoi^ rrj^ TroXtrem? et? to.? TrpocrrjKovaa^ rtyu-a? ttoKlv
eiravrj'ya'ye, tov^; he 7ro\iTa<; e/c /Bap/Sdpov jjlIv "EXkr]va<i
^'u eiroLrjcrev, e^ dvdvhpcop he TroXejjiLKov^, i^ dho^cov 8' ovofxa-
(TTov<i, TOP he TOTTov ctficKTOv okov TTapokajzoiv Kal Travrdiracnv
e^rjypLoy/jiivov rj/jiepoorepov Kal irpaorepov Karearrjaev^ en he
TTpos' rovTOi^ eh e-^dpav puev /SaorcXei Karacnd^ ovTco'i avrov
rjfivvcno koXoj^ coar deipiur^aTov yeyevf]a6aL top iroXefJuov top
irepi KuTrpop, ore h yjp avrco crvfxpuayo'^ ^ roaomw ')(^pr]aL/j,(o-
bhirepop avrop irapka^e tmp ciXXcop wad' 6fioXoyou/u,eP(o<i fMeyiaTTjv
avTcp avpuBaXeaOai hvvap,LP et? Trjp pau/jLa)(^iap Trjp irepl Kpihov,
T)<i yepo/xeprj'i j3aaiXev^ fiep drrdarj<i rrj^ ''Aala^ Kvpio<; KareaTi],
AaKehaifjLOViOL S' dprl tov T7)p }]7reipop iropOelp irepl rr]^; avroop
KLphvpeueLP rjPayKda6i]aav, ol h' "EXXr]Pe<i dprl hovXetwi avro-
po/xLa<i kTV)(0Vj 'AOr-jpaloi he roaourop eirehoaap coo-re tov<;
irporepop avrwp dp-)(0PTa^ eXdeip ainol<; rrjP
dp^WhMaopTa<;.
69 («$'.) "flar el ri^ epotro /xe, tl pofxi^oi jxeyicTTOP elpai twv
Evayopa ireTrpayfiepcop, Trorepop TCi'i e7rt,fieXeia<i Kal Ta<i
vrapaaKeud'; Td<i tt/oo? AaKehai/xopLou<;, i^ &p rd irpoeip'qfikpa
yeyopep, i) top TeXevralop iroXeixop, rj ttjp KaTdXrj\^tP Trj<;
/SaaiXei'a'i, i] t)]p oX^jp tmp 7rpayjj,dTcoP hioiKrjaLP, ei9 iroXXrjp
uTTOpLap ap KaraaTairip • del ydp fioh hoKei pbeyicrTOP elput
fcat OavpuaaTOTarop, KaO' 6 n dp avroyp eTTLarijaco T))p
htdpotap.
70 {'^^ •) "f^cTT ^l TiPe^ TMP 7rpoyeyeP7]/jiepcop hi" dperrjp
dddpaTOL yeyopaaip, olp.ai KdKelpop rj^iaxrOat TavT7]<; tt}?
h(op€d<i, a7]/j.ei0L^ y^pd)ixepo<i, on Kal top epddhe ')(^popop evTV-
-^eaTepop Kal 6eo(^iXe(jrepop eKelpcov hca/Se^icoKep. tmp fxev
yap 7]p.L6ewp Tov'i irXelaTOVi Kal tou<; opo/juaaTOTdTov; evprj-
(70/bcep Tais p^eyiaTaa avjxi^opal^ ireptTrecropTa^, Evayopa^ h'
ou pbopop Oaup.arrToraTO'i dXXd Kal /xaKaptaTOTaTo^i i^ dp')^ij<i
71 MP hieTeXeaep. (fct]'-) Tl ydp direXLTrep evhatfioPta<;, 09
TOCovTMP fiep irpoyopMP eTv^ep, oXmp ouhel<i dXXo<;, TrXrjp el'
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or ISOCRATES. 20
Ti<; airb tmv civtmv eKelvco yiyovev, toctovtov 8e kuI tw acofxart
Kal rfi jvcofir] tmp aWoov SirpjeyKev ware /x>) fiovov ^a\a/jilvo<;
aWa Kal rf^^ 'AaLa<; cnrdcrrj'i a^io<i elvai rvpavvelv, KiiWcara
Se KTTjadfiepo^ ttjv ^aa-iXelav ev tcwtt] top (iiov SiereXecre,
dvrjTO'i 8e yepofiepoi; dOdvarov rijv irepl avrov ^ip'jjJLiiv KareXiTre,
TOCTOVTOV S" ejBio) '^povov (oare /ttj/re rov y/jpco'i ci^oipo^ 'yeveaOat
/jbTjre Twi' voaojv iJberaa-)(^elv tmv Sid ravTrjv ri-jv ifkLKiav '^/l'^/vo-
fievQJV. Trpo? Be toutoi^;, o SoKel aTravLcoraTov eipac Kat 12
'^aXeTTcoTaTov, euiraiSia'i TV)(elv dfia Kal iroXv-rraihia'^, ouSe
TovTov 8i7]/jiapT€i>, dWa Kal tovt'' avTM cruveTreaev. Kai to
fjbeyicTTOv, OTi tmv e^ avTov yeyovoTcov ovSev KaTeXtrrev ISlcotl-
Kol<i ovo/juaat Trpoaayopeuo/jievov, dXXa tov /.lev ^aacXea
KaXovfjbevov, Tou'i 8' dvaKTa<i, Td<; 8' dvdaawi. waT el Tive<;
tS)V TTocrjTMV irepi tlvo^ tmv Trpoyeyevrjfievcov vTrep^oXaU
Ke^pr/VTai, XeyovTe>i, a)>> 7]v deo<i ev dvdpcoTTOi^ ?) Saificop Ovtjto^,
djravTa Ta ToiavTU irepl t^v eKeivov (fivaiv prjdPjvai. fiaXi<TT
dv dp/xoaeiev.
(^k6 .) To)v jxev ovv el^ Euayopav TToXXd /mev olfxai, Trapa- 73
XtTrelv • vaTepl^u) yap t?}? a/c/x7}v Trji; ifiauTOV, fjied^ r)^; aKpi- ^
(BecTTepov Kal (piXoTrovouTepov e^eipyaadpLi-jv dv tov eiraivov
TOVTOV ' ov /J.r]v dXXd Kal vvv, oaov KaTa tj]p ep,ijv Bvva/j.iv,
ovK dveyKWjjblaaTO^ iaTLV. {X! .) 'Eyco 8' S) NlkokXcl^ rjyoufxai
KaXd fj.ep elvai /xvrjfxela Kal Td<; tmv au>[xdTMV elK6va<;, ttoXv
fievTOi TrXeiovo'i d^la'i Ta^ tmv irpd^eMV Kal t/}? 8iavoia<;, a9
€v ToU X6yoi<i dv Tt9 fioi'ov Tot9 Te-)(yiKM^ exovai dewpijaecev.
TrpoKpcPO) Be TavTa<; TipMTOv fiev etScb^ tol'? KaXov<i /caya^ou? 74
TMV dvSpMV ov)^ ovTM^ eVt TO) KdXXec TOV (TMfxaTO'i aejxvvvo-
fievov<i ft)9 iirl Tot? epyoL<i Kal ttj yvM/xr] ^iXoTL/uCOVfxevov^•
eireid^ otl Tov<i jxev tvttov^ dvayKalov Trapa tovtol^ elvat fjb6voi<i,
Trap" oh dv aTadoicn, tov<; Be Xoyov^ e^eve-)(dr}vaL 6 olov t
IcttIv et9 Tr}v 'EXXdBa Kal BtaBodePTa<i ev rat^ tmv ev cppovovv-
Twv BiaTpi/3al<: dyaTrdadai, irap oh KpetTTOV ccttcv ?) irapa
Toh dXXoi,<i diracTiv evBoKi/jielv • Trpo? Be Tovroi'i otl Toh fj,evl~)
T^eTrXaaixevois Kal Toh yeypa/xjuevoi,^ ovBeh dv tijv tov aMfxaTOi
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30 THE EVAGORAS
cfivaiv o/xoi(i)aet€, tov^; 8e rpoirovi tov<; dX\.7jXo)v Kal Ta<i Siavoia^
TU'i iv T0t9 XeyofMei'ot'i evovaa<i paBcov icm /jiLfieladat roi<i firj
padv^eiv alpou/jbiuoci aWa ^/aT/crrotf eivao ^ovXonevoi^. (\a .)
76'f2v eveKa Kal fidWov eTre)(eipr]aa ypd(f)eLv tov Xoyov tovtov,
rjyovfMGvo'i Kal aol Kal TOi<i aul^ iraLai Kal TOL<i dWoa rol^ dir
Evayopou yeyovoai ttoXu KaXkiaTrjv dv yeveadat ravTrjv nrapd-
kXtjctcv, et T(? dOpolaa^ rdf dperd^; rd^i eKelvov Kal rut \6yw
Koa/Ln']aa<i irapaSoii] dewpelv vjmv kuI avvhiarpl^eiv avral'^.
77 Tovi jjiev yap dWovi rrpoTpeTToixev iirl rrjv (f)iXoao(f){av erepovi
e7raivouPTe<i, Xva ^ijXoupre'i tou? evXayovfievovi roiv avroiv
€K6LvoL<i eTriTijoev/xuTcov iTTiOvfiuxxiVj iyo) he ere Kalrov<i aov<; ouk
dWoTpboif TrapaSely/Jiaat ')^pci)/j,evo<i dXX! olKeloi<; TrapaKaXS,
Kal avfifBovXevcj 'n-poae)(eiv tov vovv, ottco^ Kal Xeyeiv Kal
7^'rTpdTTeLV /xrjSepcyf rjTrov Svv/jaet roov 'EXXrjvcov. (A-/3'.) Kal
fjit) vofjbil^e jxe KarayiyvcoaKeLV, (09 vvi' a/^eXet?, on, TroAXa/ci?
aoi htaKeXevofiai irept rdSv avT&v. ov yap ovr e/xe XeXri9a<i
ovTe TOL"? dXXov<i, on Kal irpcoTa Kal fiovo'i tcop iv rvpavvlSi
Kal irXovTM Kal Tpv(f)al(i Svrcov <^iXoao^elv Kal -rroveiv e'7TiKe')(ei-
pr]Ka<i, oi)S' on ttoXXou? tcov ^aaiXewv Troirjaea ^-rfXcoaavra^
Ti]V a7]v TralSeuaiv tovtcov twv hcarpijBwv imdu/xecv, dcjiefxevovi
79 e<^ ol'i vuv Xuiv yatpovcnv. aXX o/uLWi eyoi tuvt elSco<; ovSev
rJTTOV Kal TTOioo Kal 7roi7]aco ravrov, oTrep ev rolq yu/j,viKol<i
dyOxjiv 01 Oearal' Kal yap eKelvoi, TrapaKeXevovrac rcov Spo/xecov
ov T0i9 d7roXeXet/u,fj,evoi<i dXXd TOt<i irepl Trj<i vikt]<; d/xiXXeo-
SO/xevoi'i. i^y } ^E/jiov fiev ovv epyov Kal rwv dXXcov (ptXcov
Toiavra Kal Xeyecv Kal ypd(f)etv, i^ o)v fieXXo/u,ev cre irapo^vveiv
opeyecrdai tovtcov, Sivirep Kal vvv Tvy-y^dvei'i iiriOv/jLoov • aol Se
7rpo(rr]Keo fxrjSev iXXeiirecv dXX' wcnrep ev tm jrapovTi Kal tov
XoiTTOv ^povov iTTifxeXetaOai Kal tijv '^v)(r]v dcTKelv, oirco'; d^io<i
eaec Kal tov iraTpo'^ Kal twv dXXwv irpoyovcov. co? diraai /nev
irpoar'jKet irepl ttoXXov TToietaOai ttjv (ppovrjaiv, jJudXcaTa S'
81 vpZv T0Z9 TrXeLaTcov Kal ixeyiaTwv Kvpiot'i oixrcv. '^prj S' ovk
dyairdv, el twv TrapovTcov Tvy)(^dvei<; o)v j'/St; KpetTTcov, aXX'
dyavuKTecv, el tolovto^ jxev o)v avTO^ Tt]v (j)vacv, yeyovu)^ 8e
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OF ISOCRATES. 31
TO fiev TTokaLov tLTTO Aio<i, TO K viToyutoTaTOP e^ dvBpo<i
TOiovTOV TTjv apeT-qv, jxrj ttoXv Bioi<t€L<; koI tcSv aXXcov kul twv
ev Tal'i avTOi'i aot Tifxal'^ ovtcov. eaTi 8' eVl crol fir) oiafiap-
TeLv TOVTwv ' av -yap e/jb/xevy'; Trj (juXoaocpLO, Koi ToaovTov
eViSiScS?, oaov irep vvv, Ta^eco? jevr'jaei tolovto'^, oiov ere
7rpoar]Kei.
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NOTES.
§§1—11. Proem. Great men would be more gratified by an
encomium in celebration of their achievements than by the most
magnificent funeral obsequies. Such encomia, however, have not
hitherto been attempted, since men are unwilling to recognise the
merit of their contemporaries. An attempt at such a composition
will be made with reference to Evagoras, great as are the difficulties
with which the orator has to contend as compared with the poet.
§1. Twv iTTLcfiepOfJi.ei'Uiv, i.e., toif voyU.t^o/xeV(oj/, a CTrt^epcrai. Cf. XIV.
61, TTOJS av Starepetev, ei atcrOoLVTO tov<; Tat^ov; jxtj Tvy)^a.vovTa<; tujv
vofJiL^ofjievwv (TTvavei rSyv iirouToi'Twi'. These vo/xL^ofiei^a include sacrifices,
libations, and funeral gifts (evaytcr/AaTa, xoai, and the Homeric Krepea).—Ixova-LKy, "musical performances."—ActTrovr' ov8c/xtav VTrep^oXrjv, k.t.X.,
"leaving to others no possibility of surpassing you." Cf. IV.
5 and 110.
§ 2. €L Tts i(TTiv aia-9i]cn<;, k-t.X.;
cf. XIV. 61, e" tls apa rois eKCi
cf>p6vr]aLS icTTt Trepl twv ivudoe yLyvojxivwv;XIX. 42, et Tt's iarw atcr^iycrts
Tois Tc^i'eoKjt TrepL twv iruaoe -ytyroyueVtoi/. Trepl twv iTnTrjSev/xaTUiv . . .
?>ie\6Civ, cf. §12, IV. m ; but in §4, SuXeoL ras Trpa^et?, cf. IV. 144.—
KLv^vvwv, " contests."—atiToS . . . eKctrw, cf. § 14 ; and for iKelvos fol-
lowed by avrds, §^ 48, 52, 65.
§ 3. TWV av8pwv, partitive genitive, cf. § 74.—dvrt toiv tolovtwv, i.e.,
avTL Tov TO. ToiaCra (§ 1) Xaf^eiv. For similar contraction, cf. VI. 64,
avTt TYj's avToi/o/Atas ets TroXXas kol Setvas avofXLa<; ijjLTreTTTWKao-LV; VIII.
77, olvtI t^s TToAiretas ctti TOdo.vT-qv a.KoXacTLav r] Swaftis r)[xa<; TrpoT^yayev
AvtI Se TTJ'i ciivotas eis joaovrov /micros Karecm^crei/. rj tov fSiov, i.e., rj Trepl
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NOTES. 33
Tov piov. Isocrates generally omits the second proposition after ^;
cf. § 61 ; but not always, cf. § 74.
§ 4. ol 8e Trepi Tr]V p.ov(TiKr}v, " the musicians "; cf. § 50, oi Trcpi Tr)v
fLOVcriKrjv kol ol irepl ttjv aWrji/ TraLoevcTLv ; § 8, ot Trepi rrju <f)L\ocrocj>iav
ovres; § 10, ot Trepi tovs koyovs. The following ol /juev . . . ot Se are
in partitive apposition to ot -n-epl rrjv fxova-CKyv.—i^epyd^ovTat . . .
KarecTTrjcrav. For the gnomic aorist coupled with the present, cf. I.
6, auy'jXdxrev . . . Icttlv ;I. 1 ayaTroicrt . . . St€/\i;o"e ; I. 33, TrpdrTovcrt . . ,
7rpoa-€^r]ixLM(T£ ;I. 47, iXvinjO-qcrav , . . e^^o/xcv ; IV. 4G, SicXvOrjaav . , .
ia-Tiv (Goodwin, § 30, 1).
§ 5. Tovs icj)' atiToiv =roll's KaO' avTov<; (§13),
"their contempora-
ries "; cf. XIV. 40, TO, i(ji' rj/xOyv yevofxeva ; VII. 69, evrt rrys SrjfxoKpaTias.
—Kocr/xetv, "celebrate," sc. A,oyw, omitted because TroLovp-evoL tovs ^6yov<s
follows.—tVa rats uXrjO. ixpdvTo, " in order that they might have
spoken the truth "; cf. VIII. 38, ir^pl wv dTropo), -n-orepa )(p-^awp,aL rats
aX7]6eiaL<;. On the plural of abstract nouns, frequent in Isoc,
cf. Sandys' note on IV. 11, p.^rpLOT-qra';. The secondary tenses of the
indicative are used in final clauses after tVa, to denote that the end
or object is dependent upon some unfulfilled condition, and, therefore,
is not, or was not, attained. This construction is peculiar to Attic
Greek. Goodwin, § 44, 3. (.vXoyrifTovTai, future middle in passive
sense, cf. Farrar, § 89.
§ 6. Tous iir€KCLva yevop.., "those who lived in earlier times."
Isoc. is thinking of Hercules, Theseus, the Ai'gonauts, the Epigoni,
etc. ; cf. 6 i-n-eK€iva )(p6i'o<;, VI. 41. On the other hand, to. iirl raSc
yeyevrip.€i/a, " what happened in times nearer our own," § 37 ; also
of place, iV. 118. The former (eTre/cetra) is regularly written v<^' cv;
the latter (eVt rdSe) generally separately. vp.vovp.ivov<i koX rpay.,
"praised in songs and tragedies"; cf. XV. 136, TrXetWos a^tovs
ycyevT]p.fvovs rCiv ahopiivuv koX Tpaytahovp-evoiv—avTov Trpou^rj . . . d^tw-
6r]a-6p.€vov. For the predicative participle, see Curtius, §§ 589—593;
Goodwin, §§ 112—113. " When any of these verbs has for its object
an accusative of the reflexive pronoun referring to its subject, the
participle agrees with the reflexive. Thus we may have Sct^'^w ip-avrov
TovTo TreTTotij/coTa, I shall show that I have done this, for Sei^o) rovro
TreTTOLrjKu)?" Goodwin, § 113, note 2 ; cf. X. 29, ala-66.vop.ai ipavTOV
3
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34 NOTES.
e^oj <ji€p6fji€vov Ttov Kaipwv.—vTTep/SdXXr), cf. § 45, IV. 82 ; and for the
middle in the same sense § 65, III. 11. KaKov, cf. XV. 13, /3ov\ofxai
T0U5 (f>9ovovvTa<; ert [xaWov inro t^s vocrov TavTr]<; \vn-€i(r6ai.—§ 7, tov<;
i/ovv ix^i'Ta?. The agent in this impersonal construction is sometimes
(as here) expressed by the accusative, generally by the dative. Such
verbals take an object in the same case which would follow their
verbs. Goodwin, § 114, 2; cf. Remark 2, cf. Plat., Crit., p. 49 A.,
with Wagner's note (eKovras aBiKrjreov ehmi = eKwras Seiv dStKctv).
aAA.a)s t' iTreiSr] koi, is less common, but more forcible than aXXws re
Koi iTTeiSr] (Sandys on IV. 66). ras cTriSoo-ets, cf. VII. 40, €7rtSoo-is
icTTiv eK TLVos, and iTvihoa-iv Xa^/3av€LV § 48, IV. 10. For cTTiStSovat in
the same sense, cf. § 68. rov<; i-n-avopOovvTas, "those who amend,"
sc. TO. KaOea-Twra; cf. XII. 200, eTrrjvwpOovv tov Xoyov. For the middle
in the same sense, cf. IV. 165, 1. 3. tl klvcIv twf, " to make some
alteration in," cf. § 63, VII. 30.
§ 8. a-rjfjieLov . . . yap, cf. §§ 51, 58, 72 ; IV. 87 (with Sandys' note).
The explanatory "for" after a-qpidov 8e- TeK/x-qpLov Se- K€cf>aXaiov Se- to
8k /xeytcTTov 6 8e irdvTwv SeivoraTov is generally omitted in English,
sometimes in Greek, e.g., VII. 83. Cf. the fuller form in Herodot,
VIII. 120, /Acya 8e Kol To8e TeK/xi/jpiov ; Xenoph., Anab., I. 9, 29,
TCKfJirjpLOV Se TOVTOV KOL ToSc. 01 TTCpl Tr]V (f)lXo(TO(f)LaV OVT€S ', cf. V. 84,
oi Trepl TTjv cfiiX. 8taTp(j8oi/T€? • and also IV. 10, T] Trepl tov<; Xoyov;
<f>iXo(TO(j)la ) VIII. 145, <^iXo(ro</)os ; IX. 78, <f)LXoao(fi€LV ; IV. 47, IX.
77, 81. <j)LXoaocfiia. On the peculiar sense of cf>LXo(TO(f>ia in Isoc,
see Sandys' notes on IV. 10, 47 (" It indicates a combination of
Tj roXiTtK-q and rj pr]TopiKr], in which the latter generally predominates ")
and Jebb's Attic Orators, II. xiii ("The 'Philosophy' of Isocrates
is tbe art of speaking and of writing on large political subjects,
considered as a preparation for advising or acting in political affairs ").
—TToAA'^v (Tvyyvutfxrjv, cf. IV. 82.
§ 9. Kocr/xoi, ornaments of speech, such as epithets.— olov t', sc.
€o-rt iroirjaai, " represent," cf. §§ 10 and 36. tois Teray/xevot? ovo/Aao-ii',
"in the current expressions," called TroAtTtKois in §10. dXXa,i.e., dXXa
fcal, cf. IV. 188.—feVois, " dialectic and obsolete words," the so-called
yXwcro-aL ; Kaivd ovo'/x., " newly-forrfted words"; [j.era(f>opaL, "meta-
phors ; " cf. Dionys., De Comp. Verb., 25, kol tj eKXoyrj twj/ ovo/xdroiv /xiya
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NOTES. 35
Tt BvvaraL, koI t(jTi ris ovofxaaia ttoltjtlkt^, yX(x>TTr]fxaTLKwv re koI ^evuiv
Kol rpoTTLKiiiv Koi Tr€Troirjfxivwv, and Isoc, XIII. 16 sq. etSecre, SC. twv
§. 10. Tois 7r€pi Tovs X.6yov<;, "the prose writers," opp. to tois
TToiT/Tais, § 9. So Xoyos of prose §§ 8, 11.—dTroTo/Ato?, "absolutely";
cf. VI. 50, ovSkv Tu)v TotovTMV icTTLV aTTOTO/xcos ovTe KUKOV ovT aya96v,
aW ws av ^Tjcnjrat rt? rots Trpdyfjcacn.—TroXtrKfots of language or style
" suited to a citizen's common life," " received," the " notus civilisque
at proprius sermo" of Suet. (L. and S., s. v.). IvOvixyjjxaTUiv Tot<; inpl,
K.T.X., et enthymematibus (vel sententiis), quae circa res ipsas versantur
(vel ex rebus ipsis oriuntur), necesse est utantur (Mitchell, s. v.
ev6vfjir]iJi.a).—otiSevds. The orator does, however, aim at cvpv6fx.ia and
crvpLfxcTpia;
cf. XIII. 16, XII. 33. av koI rfj Xe'^ei . . . e)(rj kqkws. The
impersonal ^x^l KaXCo?, KaKw?, ovrcos with dat. rei is rare, cf, Dem.,
330. 6, ovT<x)<; ovv i)(^6vT(xyv Tovruiv rfj <^v(tcl ;Aesch., Choeph., 740, 8o/xots
8c TotsSe TrayKOLKws e^ei ; the dat. pers. is more frequent; Soph., EL,
816, apd fjLOL KaXws c^^'-
§11. eKeWev, "from the following consideration;" cf. III. 31,
IV. 40, IX. 39 ; c/cetvws, XI. 19 ;ivOevHe—rjv yap rts, k.t.X. ; cf. Plat.,
Repub., p. 601, B., idv T€ Trepl <TKVTorop.ia<; rts Aeyr; ev /xeTput Kal
pvOfJiCo KoX dpjJiovLa, Trdw ev So/cetv Aeyecr^ai, idv re vepl (TTpaTr^yi'a? idv
T6 7r€pL aWov OTOVovv OVTO) (fivcTeL avTo. ravra [xeydXriv Ttva KyjXrjaLV
€)(€LV. eTTcl yvp.viode.VTa ye twv t^s fxov(TLKyj<; xp'J^P-dTOiv rd tu)V iroLrjTwv,
avra i(f> avTU)v Xeyojxeva, oip.ai ere elbevac oia <f>atveTaL—o/xws Kaiirep.
The participle expressing opposition or limitation is often strengthened
by KatVep or Kai. "Ojlcws, "nevertheless," may be connected with the
participle, belonging, however, grammatically to the leading verb.
Goodwin, § 109. 7, and note 5. This is freq. in Isoc, cf. §§ 61, 79,
XV. 272, XVII. ^—iyKUip.ia'C6vTm>. See on § 34.
§§ 12—20. Ancestors of Evagoras, Zeus, Aeacus, Teucrus, the
founder of Salamis. The Teucrids lose Salamis through treachery.
§ 12. TTfpi T-iJs (f>v(re(ji<s," concerning the origin, descent of Ev. "
; Kal
TLVdiv Tjv dir. is an explanatory addition. For ^wo-ts, cf. Ep. VIII. 4,
aicr^pov V/XU9 tov? €vSoKLfx.ovvTa<; irapd rots aAAots Kal p.eTa(T)(()VTa<; ttJs
avnj? <f>v<Teio<; irepiopdv Trap' crepois /xcToi/cowras. irepl Tri<; <f)V(r€w<;
depends apparently on TrpoeiriaTavraL ; cf. § 21, iTriaraa-dai irepi Ttvo9
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36 NOTES.
ib. , avveiSevai irepi rtvos ; Ep., IX. 8, iv$vfJ.€2a6aL ; IV. 5, /xefxvrjadaL
V. 109, /jLveiav irouiaOaL ; IX. 9, 33, SrjXovv ; V. 9, Sie^teVat ; IV. 65,
y imSeLKVvvaL ; III. 61, Karrjt^opeiv ; XVI. 19, iJiefji.(]3e(T6aL, after all which
verbs a simple case is more usual. See on § 2, Stepx^o-^at.
—Theunemphatic Trepl avTwv might have been omitted, cf. VII. 62.
§ 13. airo Aids, cf. § 72, TWF e^ avTov -ycyovdrwr; § 76, aol kul rots
aAAots oltt' Evayopov yeyovdcri; § 81, yeyovws ajro Aids.—rourwv, par-
titive genitive " among these."—u7r€/3/3(xAA.ovTas is used absolutely as
in § 14, vTrepejSaXXev, § 41, ouk cv tootois VTrep/^aWop.evo'i ev tois aAA.ois
evpi67]aeTaL KaraSeecrTepos yei'd/;i£i'os.
§14.
toCto fxep,
"
onthe
one hand,"ace. of respect, like to. /xcv . . .
TO. 8e in § 9, is not here followed by tovto 8e, since Isoc. in § 16
changes the construction. toC Se yevov; . . . 7rpdyoj/os, cf. IV. 61, oi
TrpoyovoL fjckv rwv ev AaKeSaLfxovL fiaaLXevovTWV, eKyovoL 8' 'HpaKXeovs.
yevo/xevo)v av)(jxwv. For the story of Aeacus, cf. Diodor., IV. 61,
Pausan., II. 29, Appolod., III. 12. 6, and Grote, vol. I., chap. x.
rjXOov iKeTewTcs, " they came and entreated him " (but Pausan., I.e.,
aTTocTTeXXova-iv AiaKov Serjo-op.ei'ovs) . The pres. part, is often thus used
with verbs of motion, not expressing purpose (which would require
the fut. part.), but contemporaneous action. Goodwin, § 16; cf. XII.
194, ikcVt^s yevd/ytevos tovtwv, ows e^airoiv i/XOe.—rrj^ evae/Seia? ; cf.
Plutarch, Thes., 10, Aia/cdv 'EXX-jviav oaiMTarov vofXL^ecrOaL.
§ 15. Upov, the AtaKctov, Pausan., I.e.—cKcivdv re . . . cVciStj re.
Blass alters re ... 8k into re . . . re, in order to avoid anacoluthon, as
also (e conj. Bekk.) in XII. 212, eV re rois iracalv eiSoKLfJitlv fiaXXov
tCov ciXXiov, eTTciSav t' eis uv8pa<; avvTeXwaLv. But cf. Thucyd., I. 11,
Tov re (TTpaTov eXdcrcnji rjyayov, cTretS^ Se, k.t.X. ;Xen., Anab., V. 5, 8,
€7raiv€o-ovTas T€ iiyuits . . . eTreira 8e ;Eur., ylZc, 197. fxeTt^XXa^e tov /3lov,
cf. VI. 17.—Tt/x.as c^wv TrapeSpevetv, Apollod., I.e., ras kA-cis tov "AiSod
(jivXaTTeL. According to others he is judge in the lower world along
with Minos and Rhadamanthus. For irapeSpeviLv, "sit constantly
beside," cf. Eur., Ale, 745 (aya^wv), p-erixova "At8ov vvp.^a. Trape-
8p€i;oi?; Demosth., LX. 33, ttws ov XPV '''Ovtov<; €ii8at/xovas vop.it,i.a6aL
oiis irapiSpov; eiKdrws av tis </>r)(jai toi? Karco ^eots etvai (ci. Anstoph.,
Man., 765;
toi/ apidTOv Xap.(iav€w dpovov tou nXox;Ta)vos e^^s). Tropc-
Spcveiv is also used of judges, "to be an assessor.'
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NOTES. 37
§ 16, eVt AaojxiSoiTa, Horn., II., V. 638, sqq. For Telamon's part
in this undertaking, and how he received Hesione, daughter of
Laomedon, as dpto-Tcta, see Apollodor., II. 6. 4.
—Trpos Kevravpov?
apicrT£V(Ta<;, ApoUodor., III. 13. 8. aX\ov<;, e.g., the siege of lolchos
(Apoll., III. 13, 7), that of Troy in the time of Laomedon, the contest
with the Amazons, and the Argonautic expedition.—©eVtSt, cf, Hom.,
II., XVIII, 432, aOavaTrj pr. V, Bk., ceteri aOavaTia. Isoc. elsewhere
uses the regular fern, d^ai/aro?, e.g., §§ 3, 71, but not of persons.
fxovov TovTov depends on yd/x,ots. vtto Oewv, viz., Apollo (Hom., II.,
XXIV. 63), or the Muses (Pindar, Pyth., III.,
90),or the Parcae
(Catull., Epithal., 306).
§ 17. iy€V€(r9r]v is made to agree with the apposition. {3apf3dpov^,
the Trojans; cf. X. 67, €vpT]crofxei/ tous "EAAryvas 8t' 'EXevr/v koivtjv
(TTpareLav iiri tovs ^ap/3dpovs Trotr/crayuevovs ; XII. 189, rpiwv TroX.ip.oiV
yeuofxevijDV avev tov TpwLKOv rots EXXtjctlv irpos rous /3ap/3dpov<;, k.t.X.;
of, XII. 42.
§. 18. p.cT' iKelvov of Horn., II., XVII. 279 (Od., XL 550). A?as,
OS Treot /xkv ctSos, Trepl Kepya rervKTo twv aXXwv Aavawv [xer dp.vp.ova
Tlr]\eiuyva, II. , 11. 768, sq. irofqaa'i, not ttoiwv, since the choice of the
name preceded the foundation of the city. rrjs TraTpL8o<;. For another
construction cf. XL 10, bp.u)vvp.ov av-n] rrjv ^wpav KaracrTrjaaL. See
Grote, vol. I., chap. x. ; Hor., Od., I. 7.
§ 19, e^ dpxrj'S, "from of old"; cf IV, 26, Kara p-kv dpxd'i, "at
first."XP'^^V
^' va-Tepov, "some time after"; cf. X. 26. The more
usual forms are ttoXXw xP'^vo), or (Spaxe-l XP'^vo) (Xen., Cyr., V. 3, 52)
or oXiyw, TToXXw alone before va-repov.—Trio-rcu^eis. For the personal
passive of vei'bs which in the active govern a genitive or dative see I.
80 (with Sandys' note).
§ 20. d-TncTTwv, K.T.X. There is here Chiasmus, since ttjv vrja-ov . . .
KaTe?iovXo}(T€v is explained by (xttio-twi/ tois imrpa.yp.evoL'?, and Tr]V ttoXlv
i$€(3ap[3dpc,i(re by /3ovX6p.evo<; . . . to. -nepl avroi/ ; cf. L 7 (with Sandys'
note).—" At the time of the Ionic revolt Salamis was governed by
Greek princes (Her., V, 104—114), the appearance in whose family
of the Phoenician name Siromos (Hiram) may perhaps be accounted
for, as Professor Rawlinson suggests, by intermarriage. Mr. Grote
would place the dispossession of the Greek dynasty by the Phoenician
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38 NOTES.
usurper about 450 b.c. (vol. IX., chap. Ixxvi). This seems very
probable. But to my mind the words of Isocrates convey the notion
that he, at any rate, imagined the Phoenician usurpation to have
taken place much earlier." Professor Jebb's yii^tc Orators, II., p. 109.
—iif/Sap/Sdpwo-e, cf. § 47.
§§ 21—29. Birth of Evagoras. His youth and manhood up to the
time of his accession.
§ 21. Twv eKyovwv twv iKeivov, the descendants of the usurper.
yiyverai for the pres., cf. Xen., Auah., I. i. 1, Aapet'ov /cat XlapDcraTiSos
TTuiSes yiyvovrai hvo.—^fxa^, chance utterances, regarded by the
hearers as omens, cf. Xen., Mem., I. i. 3 (with Cluer's note)
fxavTclai, oracular responses. ^T^/xai and fxavrdai are joined also in
Plato, Phaed., p. Ill C.—/xet^dvws av (fiavecr) yeyovws rj Kar av^pwTroj/,
"it would appear that there was something superhuman in the cir-
cumstances of his birth." For /xet^di/ws cf. XV. 39, XI. 24,
vTrokajx^dvecrdaL /Aei^dvws rj Kara ttjv d^iav; and for -^ Kara (quam pro)
after a comparative IV. 184. Toaovria Sew, cf. III. 34, roa-ovrov Sew
im6v/jLiLv, u)a-T€ IV. 134.—rwv virapxovTOiv, " of that which is really
true," TO. VTrdp)(ovTa= TO. ovra (§ 42), cf. IV. 88.—Trepi, ojv cTTto-ravTai.
See on § 12.
§ 22. Toiv dyaOCiv, partitive genetive depending on a-n-ep, cf. I. 42.
TqXi.KovTOL%, " thoa^ who are so young"; cf. VI. 3, but in XII. 88,
" those who are so old." av ns iroL-qaaLTo. For suppressed protasis
see Goodwin, § 52, 2. twv rjktKLWTwv KparLa-Tevetv, "to be first of
them."
§ 24. ot ToVe jSaaiXevovTes. The plural indicates either the king of
Salamis and neighbouring kings, or else the king of Salamis and his
family.— ev tStwrov /aepet, "in a private station."—Siayayetv (sc. jSiov).
—ei Kol must be distinguished from koI d, the former being used to
express a condition, which, though not disputed, is represented as of
little moment ; the latter to show that the condition is itself altogether
improbable. Sometimes, however, the koI in ei kol refers to a single
word, as here to aAA,os ; cf. XXI. 11, NtKtas /-to', d koL t6v dXXov
)(povov eWuTTo crvKO(f>avT€Lv, TOT av iiravaaTO, YivOvvovs 8e, Kal d fJirjBe
TTWTTOTe ^uvorjdrj dStKeiv, tot av iTrrjpOrj.—avTOv<; . . . aurots. avTols
here refers to the subject of the principal sentence.
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NOTES. 39
§ 25. TTJs So^Tjs irapaXX., " although then- opinion of him changed
so much," Goodwin, § 109, 7.—ecrxev, oVios . . . XijiperaL. For the
fut. indie, after a historical tense in this construction see Goodwin,
§ 45.—ocra jxev . . . ravra jxh, k.t.X., cf. IV. 60 (with Sandys'
note).
§ 26. els yap t(1.v SvvaaTevovTwv, " one of the powerful nobles." cy
By OL 8wao-r€j/ovT€s here Isoc. seems to mean the great men of ^
Salamis. The slayer of the Phoenician usurper was Abdemon, a
Citian according to Theopompus (Fray. Ill) ; a Tyrian according to
Diodoi'us (XIV. 98). Movers thinks that he may have been a native of
Citium, who had migrated from Salamis to Tyre (Jebb's Attic Orators,
II., p. 109; Grote, ch. Ixxvi).—e/<7roSwv iroirjcraiTO, not 7roii;o-ete (which
was the reading before Bekker), the middle being used in this phrase;
also eKTToSwV not €K7ro8wi/.
§ 27. Kav CK T. €K7r€craja-t, in which case they might naturally be
expected to exhibit /x€yaA.o<^pocrvV>; in their endurance of misfortune;
TaTreti/orepas ras ij/vxa<; more desponding (than is wont to be the case
in misfortune). For the position of the adjective and article see
Farrar, §§ 19, 20.
§ 28. Tr]v KadoSov. 'ETrdvoSos //.ev yap ecrri to eTraveXdelv TLva £is rrju
loiav TTurptSa, i^eXOovra ef '^PX^^j/xrySevos jStaa-afJievov, Ka^oSos Si,
orav Tts aKOJv dTroSv^/xrycrry koI ^ijyuSev^'jj, t) o-up,^opas Tivos Trporjyrjcrafxevr)^
^ Blo. (fio^Ov Tvpdvvojy iq rt roiovrov. Schol. ad loc. See Sandys' note
on IV. 61. TavT-qv ucjiopfxyv, " since he took that as his standpoint,
which;" a(f>opfxy]v, without article, because predicative, Curtius, § 389 ;
cf. XIX. 6, Xafiwv Sk ©pdcruAAos Tavras a(f)opfJia<i i)(prJTo ttj T€)(i'rj, IV. 61
.
Since TixvTriv is followed by an explanatory apposition (apivvicrBai . . .
vTrapx^i-v) rovTo, oTvep would have been more regular ; but cf. VII. 16,
TavTijv airoTpoTT-qv, y]v WiXTqa-wfxei'.—^VTrep XPVy ^^- Xafieiv. For the
ellipse cf. IV. 38. Tpo(f)i]v ivpelv, ^virep xpij TOi'S iJilXXovTa<; kuXus
BioiK-qaetv [yv -mp xprj, sc. TroL-qaacrOaL ', the antecedent of rp'irep is
ap)(rjv, Sandys ad loc.); IV. 76, u7rei;^oi/TO 8' wcnrep ^p?) roJv ixrjSkv
TTpocrqKovroiv.
—VTrdp^eti', se. uSi'kwv ; cf. VIII. 79, ov^ i^rupi^oi'Tfs oAA.'
ap-vvopLivot ; XVI. 41, ouS' ap.vvupLivo<;, i.XX virapxy^v rjSiKets.—TTporipov;
iirapxiiv is pleonastic.—TrpoeXo/via/os, "since he resolved."—ws ot r. tt.
Xeyovres, SC. Xe'yovcrt.
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40 NOTES.
§ 29. /xeA-A-oj/ros. "The genitive absolute is regnlarly used only
when a new subject is introduced into the sentence, and not when the
participle can be joined with any substantive already belonging to the
construction. Yet this rule is sometimes violated in order to give
greater prominence to a participial clause." Goodwin, § 110. 1, note
5 ; of. VII. 76. Too-ovTiov, " with so few." In this sense it is not
followed by ro 7r\r]6os (§ 65), or t6v dpi0fj.6v (XVI. 34). [Cf. however
XII. 70, vrjavSpia TrjXiKavTa TO fxeyeOo'i, " SO small in size."] This is
apparently the reason why Is. does not write toctovtwv to ttXtjOos koI
T-qXiKavT-qv to /xeye^os, and the want of conformity is concealed by the
separation of TrjXiKavTrjv from to fji.eye6o<;,—Sicnrep . . . e^wv . . . ovto)
&£K€tTo Trfv yvwfjLTjv. See Goodwin, § 109, note 9, and cf. II. 12, ws
T>}s TratSevcreos 8vvo-/J.evr]<; Tr]v rjfxeTepav f^vauv euepyeretv, ovto) StaKctcro
T-qv yvuipuriv ; VI. 106, Mcnrep ovv SiSovs eXey^^oj/, ovTOi BtaKuaOo) T'qv
§§ 30—40. Evagoras regains the throne of his ancestors. The
greatness of this achievement.
§ 30. ev a(T(f>aXeta KaTaa-Tr](ra<;. For this unusual construction cf.
JSp., II. 11, IX. 43, iv eTTt/xeXetats avTov KaracrrT^cras ;
Xen., C'ij7\, IV.
5, 27, ev KLv8vi'(i} KadiCTTavaL. For the more usual construction cf.
V. 123, CIS acre^aXetay Karacrrv^o-eis ; XII. 158, Karacrr^crat £ts
Kivhvyovi, &c. [Cobet's correction is kv dcri^aAet]. The participles
are in the nom., being attracted by ^yfjcraTo.—TrepitSeiv et, "to wait
(to see) whether." ev6v<;, Zicnrep d^'s^, cf. Thuc, VIII. 41, Xen., Anah.,
IV. 1, 19 ; Cyr., III. 1. 7. There is here no pleonasm, for wo-Trcp el^e
is not " statim," but " as he was." Coraes was, therefore, wrong in
regarding ev^us as a gloss, on wa-n-ep ei;^e. TavTrj<? t^s vuktos, " on that
memorable night." For oStos emphatic cf. Plat., Phaed., 69, C.
SieXwv, " having broken open," Thucyd., IV. 110, VI. 51.
§ 31. Tu)v aXXwv, i.e., of those attacked. tl Set. Xeyovra 8iaTpi)3etj/,
cf. IV. 97 (with Sandys' note); VI, 21, also II. 45,--rSv irepl t. . is
subject ; drTaywj/tcrrwv predicate, Curtius, § 378.
§ 32. Koi fji6vo<; . . . Koi jx€t oXtywr, "either alone, or . . ."; cf
Hom., Odijss., II. 374, or' av euSeKaTT] re SvwSeKoiTTy re yeVi/rat ; Thucyd.
I, 82, SieX^dvTwv eTuyv kcli 8vo koX Tpiwv (with Shilleto's note) ; Verg.,
Georg., IV. 18, 19 (^tith Kennedy's note on 25).—rots 4>iXoi.s, his-
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NOTES. 41
adherents in the town. " The date of the restoration of the Teukrid
dynasty by Evagoras cannot be exactly determined. At his death,
in 874 B.C., he was ov yjypws a/xotpos (§ 71). Andokides is said to
have visited Cyprus just after the fall of the Four Hundred,which
took place in the autumn of 411 b.c, and to have found Evagoras
reigning at Salamis [Lys.] in A?tdok., § 28. Mr. Grote concludes
that Evagoras began to reign "about 411 or 410 b.c." (411 b.c. is
probably the latest year we can take), justly observing that "he
must have been a prince not merely established, but powerful, when
he ventured to harbour Konon in 405 B.C., after the battle of
iEgospotami (vol. X. p. 25)." Jebb's Attic Orators, II., p. 110.
§ 33. ov fjLTjv aXXd, "not indeed . . . but," or, "not but that," or,
"nevertheless" =: ov fxy]v [e/c rwv TrpoeipT^/xevcov] oAA.' . . . cf. I. 9, ov
/JiTjV [cK Twv 'HpaKXeovs kol Or^crcws epyow ecrri croL KaTafxaOe'Lv\ dA-Xa Kai,
K.T.A.. ; IX. 78, ov fxrjv [oT/Aat -TToXAa TrapaAcTretv,] dAAa kol vvv ovk
av€yKu>fXLa(TT6<; ian ; IV. 85, ov /xrjv [vrept KaKaJF] aXXd irepl koXXlotmv
i<liL\oi'iKy]aav.—€k tu)V €;^o/u,ei/aJi'," from what follows"; cf. VI. 29,
CK Twv e)(^oix€V(.ov yvwa-earOe cra(f>€(TTepov.—SyjXo'yaeLV, either intransitive
" will be clear," as in VII. 81, ws 8e fSaaiXev? ej^ei irpos yp-a^, €k twv
cTTto-ToA-wv oiu €7r€//.i//ei/ e'ST^AcDcrcj/ ; or, more probably transitive ; cf. IV.
179, ot/u-at 8' e/ceiVw? ctTrwi' p,a\.Xov St^XoWciv ttjv, k.t.X.
§ 84. 7rpo9 eKaaTOV . . . ras Trpd^ets T. E. 7rapa(SdXXoip.€v. For the
common Greek contraction by which the quality of an object is
compared, not with that of another object, but with that other object
itself, cf.J 11, €1 (ol Aoyot) ^vvijo-ovTo.i. (vXoyetv yu,7;8ev ^i^etpov twv kv rot?
jxiTpoL<; iyK0)fjitat,6vT(x)v; § 29, crrparoTre^ov e^iov KpeirTOv twv avTLirdXuiv
for the fuller construction cf. XII. Ill, Trapa^dAAovres Ta/cei KaOearwra
Tois iv6d8e, KOI Tr]v aoi^^poa-vvqv Trpos rds Trap yjplv 6A.tywpias.—rots
Kaipols, "the occasion (for which this oration is designed) "; a com-
plete enumeration might lead him away from his main design.—eVt
TouTwv, " in respect of these";
cf. VI. 44, i-n-l TavTr]<; uv rt? r^s ttoXcoj?
CTTiSei^ctc; VIII. 114, opav eVt rtvos.—clcrw/xci'. On the "Attic
future," see Sandys' notes on IV. 174, 8toptot'p.ei', and I. 45. ("As a
verb of varied usage may bo quoted c^erd^w, which generally has
c^crdcro), and in one passage only [Isoc, Evar/., § 84] c^erw "). See
also Curtius, § 2G3, and Papillon's Manual of Comparative Philoloinj.
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42 NOTES.
("The term 'Attic future,' applied by old grammarians, is really
incorrect, many of the forms in question being found in Homer
while in some verbs {e.g., SiKa^w) the Attic dialect invariably retains
the cr"), p. 215. crvvTOfjuorepov. On compar. adverbs in ov ("less
frequent than those in—ws"), see Sandys' note on IV. 163, ippw-
[xevecTTepuis.
§ 35. Twv . . . TrapaXa(36vT(x)v IS dependent on Trpo/cptvetev.—Trarptfcas
ySacrtXetas. The ancients distinguished Trarpwos, " descending from
father to son," (as property, fortune), from trarpios, "handed down
from our forefathers," (as manners, customs, institutions) ; while
jraTpiKOs is used chiefly of " hereditary " friendships and feuds. This
distinction is to a certain extent good in Att., but Hom. used Trarpwos
only, and in all these senses, and the Att. Poets often follow him,
L. and S., s.v. Trarpwos ; cf. § 32, Tt/x,as Ttts TTarptous iKop-Lcraro, and
Sandys' note on I. 2.—pa^u/x,os, " inditferent to fame," cf. IV. 185.
ocTTts= ojcrrc, Goodwin, § 65, I. note 5, cf. IV. 185 (with Sandys'
note).
§ 36. KOL p.rjv, "and further," "moreover;" so dXXa p.-^v § 37.
Trap' avTwv, " of themselves"; cf. XII. 18, ovSlv Trap' avrwv Xiyovres ;
XV. 223, xapa Trj<; avTov ^uo-ecos eTrtcTTaTai.—oo"Tt9^ Trepi Ttvos, octtis.
For the play on words (Troteiv), cf. Sandys' notes on IV. 119, 186.
§ 37. CTTi TaSe. See on § 6. koL ttX^Icvtol kcu fxaXicna. This
union of adj. and adv. is not infrequent in Isoc. ; cf. III. 47, Trotetv
eKovras Kat Trpo^u/Aws ; VI. 42, ap)(a2a kul Troppo) twv vvv TrapovTwv
Aeyeiv ;XV. 49, TrAetocn koI TrXcova/tts cruyytyvovrat ;
III. 13, e^^o) ttjv
'^PXW°^ 7rapavop.a)S ov8 dWoTptav.— (j>aive.rai. In Hdt. and Att. we
must distinguish between ^atVeo-^at c. inf., denoting what appears to
be, and ^atVecr^at c. part., denoting what is apparent or evident; e.g.,
cjiaLveraL eTvai, he appears to be, but (jiaiverai iwv, he manifestly is ; cf.
Hdt., VII. 137, 175 ; Aesch., Pi:, 217 ; Thucyd., I. 2 (L. and S., s.v.
cJKLLvw) ; Goodwin, § 113.
§ 38. SrjXov, on . . . <f)avep6v, otl. When SyjXov ecrrtv and cf)avep6v
ka-Tiv are used impersonally, they regularly take a clause with on.
Goodwin, § 113, note 7. aireKTCivev. This is not mentioned by any
other writer. On the contrary, Hdt., I. 130, says, 'Ao-rwyea Kvpos
KUKOV ov8ev aWo TrotT^cras elxe Trap' lavTw, es o iTeXcvTrjcre. Isoc. may
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NOTES. 43
have followed some other authority, perhaps one of those mentioned
by Hdt., I. 95. liria-raixai irepl Krpov koI rptc^acrias oAAas Aoywv
oSovs ({>rjvaL. On " Cyrus," see Grote, chapters xxxii., xxxiii., and
Sayce's Herodotus, I.
—III. koL tovtov,
"on
thisaccount
also,"
dependent on eTraive'creiav ; cf. XV. 36, tov KaAws Kexprja-Oai tyj (fivcreL
St/catws av uLiravres tov rpoirov tov ifxov CTratveVetai', and QqXovv tlvu. tivos
in IX. 43.
§39. ixrjhlv viroa-TeiXdixevov, "with no dissimulation"; cf VI. 89,
VIII. 41, ouSev {i7ro(rT€tA.d/Aei/os dAA' dvei/xeVtos /x-eAAw tous Aoyovs
TroulcrOaL, Demosth., XIX. 237, /Aero, irappr]<jia^ hiaXi.)(6r]vaL [XTjBkv
vTro(TTiXk6fx€vov.—^eKetvcos, " in the following way." See on § 11.
iTvpdvvtva-ev, "became despot." The aorist of verbs which denote a
state or condition generally expresses the entrance into that state or
condition. Goodwin, § 19, note 1 ;cf. Xen., Hell., II. 2, 24, ev w
(mauTw) p.€crovvTL ALovv(rLo<; irvpavvrjcre. See above § 20, ryv
fSaaiXuav Kareax^v.—ck Travros rpoirov, " in any way;
" cf. IV. 95 and
IV. 151, iravTa rpoirov.—outco ircpX avTov ^pacrecus. For the separation
of ovTU) from the word it qualifies cf. VII. 25, IV. 185. In Isoc.
ovT(i}s is more frequently placed before than after the word it qualifies.
See on§ § 48, 58, 60.
§ 40. dTravTcs av o/AoXoyrycretav. On the omission of the protasis, see
Goodwin, § 52. 2.—-Adyajv eiipe-ny's, ''writer of displays," such as the
Helena and Busiris of Isoc. See Jebb's Attic Orators, II. p. 93,
sqq. ; cf. V. 144, tov TavToAou ttAoCtov kuI t7;v XIcAottos apXT?"
Koi TTjv EupDcr^eojs Svvayu,t/ f uSets dv oi;Te Aoycov evperr]': oltc ttoit^t^
eVatvecretev. In XV. 81 Aoyous i.vpicrK(.Lv is used in a better sense.
§ 41—46. Evagoras proves himself to be in every respect an
excellent ruler.
§ 41. vTr€pj3aX6fX€vo<; . . . /caTaSeecrrepos, cf. § 13 : tous p,€v vTrep-
^uAAovTa9, Toi)S 8c KaTaSeecTTcpows ovtus ; and see on § G. ev(f)V€(TTaT0'i,
" gifted with great talents."—oAtyajpeiv, absolute, as in VII. 46. So
oAiyojpta, VII. 51. TOV TrXelo-rov toi; ;^ovou ; cf. § 50, tt/s 8wvdp.ews
TTyv TrAetcTTTjv ; IV. 34, t7;v TrAetcTT/yv t>}9 ;;^wpas J I\. 132, ttjv TrAearTiyv
avTrj<i.—oAAwv depends on cTrep-eAetav, as is clear from the contrasted
Tavrr]<i fJirjSev ^povTt^ovTcs ; evexa must, therefore, be joined with yjrvx^^
which is here used in the sense of " auima " (" to preserve this they
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44 NOTES.
bestow their care on everything which conduces thereto"), whilst
afterwards with ravrr]? the idea of " mens" is predominant.
§ 42. cTrara without 8e after irpunov jxh is frequent in Isoc.;
of. §§ 53, 74, But in XVII. 17 TrpCorov i^lv . . . iTretra 8c.—rwv Trpay-
IxoTdiv, "affairs"; cf. §§ 55, 66, XII, 30, KaAw TreTraiSeu/xevovs TQV<i
KaXais xpoyfj-euov; rots Trpdyfxaa-L rois Kara rrjv rjiJ.epav kKacTTTjv irpocnvL-
TTTovcri. Tvpayiiara is used in a different sense in § 41, since it there
refers to the "conduct" of Evagoras himself. See § 36 (ttouIv) and
IV. 119 {apxv) with Sandys' and Schneider's notes. twv ovtwv
["num TWV Tj-apovTiavV Blass ad loc] ; cf. § 21, to. vTrdpxovra.—Ttts d\. TWV paOvfjLLwv, "true rest," "freedom from care."—Ka/jTcpta»s,
" continuous activity. "^
—e^ wv iripwv — ek tovtwv, a -rrap' erepwr.—TO,? Kp. iiroiuTO Trepl avrwv, cf. IV. 40 ; but in VII. 19, tva Troirja-Oe Tr]v
Kptaiv avTwv.
§ 43. ev eTTt/AcX. /carao-TTjo-a?. See on § 80. twv Kara T.rj.e. Trpo(nn-
TTTovTwv, " daily occurrences," as in II. 9, and III. 22, ra k.t.tjA
jLyvofxeva. But to (toi) KaO' y^jxipav, without a verb = (1)" the
necessaries of daily life," IV. 34, 168 ; or (2) " daily life," XV. 144;
in the latter sense we find also to. KaTo. Trjv rjfxepav eKaa-Tqv (VII. 28),
and 6 /3to<s 6 Ka$' rjixepav (VII. 53).—oriSe Trepl . . . ovSe irtpX ev. For
the double negative cf. (1) Horn., Od., VIII. 176, ovhl Kev dXXws ovSk
Oeo'i T€v^eu ; (2) Isoc, IV. 75, ov fxrjv oiiSe twv -rrpo tov TToXefiov tovtov
yevofj.h'wv; (3) Demosth., XXIV. 149, ovS' idv Tts KaTaXvy tof 8^/xov,
ov 7reio-o/x,at. See Curtius, § 619. fxy fxaXXov . . . rj, "not so much
. . . as "; cf. XII. 32, /at/ /aSAXov yaipovTa<; toTs 8ta tvxV^ vTrdp^aaiv
ayaOois rj Toi'i 8ia Tr]v avTwv (fivaLV yiyvo/xevots. tov? dXXovs,i.e.,
his
subjects [there is a reading tow dpxoiJiivov<; A, v., Stob.] ; cf. II. 40,
TO irXrjOo? Koi twv dXXwv kol Twy dpxovTWV.—Trjs vtt iKCivov ySacriXctas,
an instance of a verbal substantive taking the construction of a verb
cf. Thucyd., II. 65, 10, iycyveTO Xoyw fj-ev hrnjLOKpaTia, €pyw Bk vtto tov
TrpwTovdvBpo? dpxyj ; I. 130, 1, wv ev jxeydXw a$iw[J.aTL vtto twv EAATyvtov;
I. 141, 9, Tw avTw VTTO d-TrdvTwv tSto, ho^da-fxaTL (with Shilleto's note),
Xen., Memor., II. 1, 34 : Plato, Politic, p. 291, D., fxeTo. jiovapxt-a-v eiiroi
Tt5 av TTjv VTTO TWV oXiywv 8vvaaT€Lav. Curtius, §§ 434, 468.—o-(^o8pa,
= " strenue."
§§ 44^46. The accumulation of antitheses in this passage is cited
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NOTES. 45
by Rauchenstein (Ausgewdhlte Reden des Isokrates, p. 21) and by
Blass (Isokrates xmd Isaios, p. 263) as an instance of the influence
of Gorgias on Isocrates. On dvrt^ecri?, " the opposition either of
words or sense, or both, in two corresponding clauses of a sentence,"
cf. Sandys' Ad Dem. and Panegyr., p. xiv., and Jebb's Attic Orators, II.,
p. 64, sq.
§ 44. Twv xpw/x€vajv, "his intimate friends"; cf. II. 27, I. 20, ^C)
Toils /SeArto-Tots ;XIX. 11, )(pi^(r€L<;.
—(lejxvos. To o-e/Avos Sittois Aeyerat,
Kat cTTt Tov VTrepyjipdvov Kai in tov ae[j.vC)s ttoiowtos to, TrpdyfiaTa,
Schol., see Eur., Ale, 773—802, esp. 773, oSros, tl o-e/xpw koI
7re<^povTi/cos ^AeVei? ; 777, (TTvyv<S Trpocrwrw kul crvvdxj^pvwixivto ; 800, ws
TOis ye cre/xvois /cai avvuxfipvwjxevoLs.—tov irpoa-wTrov crvvaywyat?,
"pursing up, or wrinkling of the face ;
" cf. Plutarch, Comparat. Dion,
et Brut., 5, o-wayaytuv to TrpoawTTov. The more usual phrases are
ras 6(J3pv<; crvvdyetr, or diaaTrav, uve'AKetr, avaipeiv. [Cobet proposes
IJi€T<x)7rov instead of Trpoo-wTroi;]. tov jSiov KaTaa-Kevals, cf. Eur. Supji.,
214, 6eov KaTa(TKavr)v J3lw Sovtos TULavT7]v.—uraKxcos ouS' di'(o^uAa)?,
" irregularly or capriciously."
§ 45. v(f> uvT<2TTotou'/xevos, " bringing under his power."
TroLeiaOai
Tiva v</)' avT<3 is the usual construction, cf. V. 74; v<ji avTov being
rare.—pao-rwvas " leisure ";pa^v/Atas, " carelessness."
§ 46, TToAtTttas, "from every kind of public activity"; cf. VII. 65,
Ep., VIII. 9, Tovs jJ-kv 7rp€o-/3vTepovs Kal ror^s Trept tt/v TroAireiav ovras
//^ AvTrtij/. S-qp-oTLKos denotes here not merely " a friend of the
people " (as in VII. 16, etc.), but " a champion of the pe jple's
interests " = 8r;p.aycuyo's in VIII. 126 (of Pericles). ttoXltlkos, " an
able administrator" (cf. Xen., Mott., II. 6, 38, o-TpaTyyLKw re Kal
^LKaaTLKw Koi ttoXltlkw) ;o-Tparr;ytKos, " general-like." TvpawiKos Se,
" royal " (or /x€yaAo(/)poji/, see Appendix) is opposed to 8y]jxoTLKo<i jxku
. . . TToAtTiKos Se . . . (TTpaTi]yiKo<i 8e.
§ 47— 50. Reforms of Evagoras. He revives Hellenism in Cyprus.
Professor Jebb remarks [Attic Orators, II. p. 113):—"Perhaps the
most striking passage in the memoir is that which describes how
commerce, arts, letters, humane intercourse with the outer world,
having become extinct under the rule of the barbarian, speedily
sprang into a new life under the rule of the Hellene."
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46 NOTES.
On the " dis-hellenising " of Cyprus by the Phoenicians see Grote,
chap. IxxvT. " The disposition of Phoenicians in Cyprus towards
Hellenic visitors at this period is strikingly illustrated, as Mr. Grote
observes, by [Lys.] in Andnc., § 26, /Acra Se ravra e-TrXeva-ev
( Aj/So/ciStjs)oj?
tovKtTtecoi/ /3a<ri\ea, kol TrpoSiSoiis
Xt^^^cIs vtt avToviSidrj, Koi ov fxovoi' Odvarov ec^oySetro r'AXa to. Ka6' rjfjJpav alKLcr/xaTa,
oio/xei/os TO. aKpbi-rqpia ^wi/ros aTroT/jirjOi^crecrOaL."
§ 47. Tpirjp€L<; h/avTrqy-qaaTO, cf. Herod., I. 27 (vauTn/yeicr^ai vav<i);
Xen., Hell., I. 1, 25;Andocid., HI. 5 (rptT^pcts vauTn^yetcr^ui) : Horn.,
JL, IV. 3, veKTap olvoxoelv ;0(^., III. 472, olvov olvoxoeiv ;
7i., XX.
221,"l^ovKoXeiv t-mrovs
;XXI. 448, j3ov<; f^ovKoXeiv ; and in prose
olKoSofj-eiv Te2)(^o<;, v€(dv, Tzvpaplha, /xocrcrvva, Trvpyov.—Schneider (in his
note) proposes to change jxrjhip.ia'i into jU-r^Se /xiS?. fjLrjSe/xLa ttoXis ="no town;'' fxrjSe [xm ttoAis "no single town." There is the same
distinction between ovSets and ov8e eh ;cf. § 43, ovSe Trepl ev, § 52,
ovSe irepl li os; § 44, ovSk Trpo? ei'. See Rutherford's JVeiv Phrynichus,
p. 271. aTroXeXeL(f)9ai, " to be distanced b)'," " inferior to," followed
by a genitive, because it implies comparison. Curtius, § 423 ; cf.
§ 48, V. 82, 6eLr]v av i/xavTov ovk cf rots aTToXeAet/A/xcvoi? dXX' iv rot?
Trpol)(pv(TL Twv aXXwi'. It is used absolutely in IX. 61. eveTroLrjcrev, sc.
avTrj.
§ 48. eTTiSdo-ets. See on § 7. /aci^w Xeytav, k.t.X., " exaggerating
the qualities he possesses;" cf. XV. 39, /xet^dvws etp-qKev ; XX. 5,
fiel^ov? TTOiovftai tovs Adyors •^ Kara T-qv a^tav tw yeyevrjfjievwv ; VI. 71,
cAaTToj Twv v7rap)(^6vT(j}v elprjKevai.—Xtav is often placed after the word
it qualifies ;cf. XV. 215, r}i/ ttoXXo. Xiav Xeyw ircpi twv 6/AoXoyowp.cvwv
IV. 73, IV. 160, SoKct TToXXa Xtay eu/at (with Sandys' note). See on
§ 39.—€K6tVa) . . ,avTw. See on § 2.
§49. i(fiLKOLTo, "who could adequately describe;" cf. IV. 187,
Demosth., XIX. 65, i<f}iKecr9aL rw Xdyo) Tcoy cKet KaKwv vvv optwv.
For the genitive after icf^LKovfxai see Curtius, § 419.—os, "for he."
For the causal signification of the relative cf. §§ QG^ 71, IV. 89, irepl
oi) Ti9 OVK eXarrw twv VTrap^ovTwv eiprjKei' ; b? fts to(tovtov vX6ev
VTrepqcf^avLas, Goodwin, § 65, 4. rov tottov oXov, k.t.X., i.e., theci\alizing influence of Evag. reached even the barbarian countries
adjacent to Cyprus. [Orelli and Hirschig strike out rrji' vrjcroi',
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NOTES. 47
comparing V. 54, XV. 107].— etp(ov, sc. ol TroXTrat koI ol TreptotKowre?
implied in ttoXis and roVos ; cf. I. 21, IV. 110 (with Sandys' note).
aTTpocroLCTTuys' fxy] 7rpocrB€)(OfX€voi rivas twv EXAt^i/wi/, Schol. ;" un-
sociable," L. and S. ;" intolerabiliter et immaniter se gerebant,"
Mitchell.
§ 50. Trap' rjjxwv. Athens must, therefore, have granted the right of
intermarriage (eTrtya/xia) to the Salaminians. rwv rrepl r-qv fjLovaiKr^v.
See on § 4.
§ 51—57 med. The good government of Evagoras attracts many
Greeks to Salamis. The friendship of Evagoras with Conon. The
battle of Cnidus and its results.
§ 51. TeKfxr'jpiov . . yap- See on § 8.
—/cat tou rpo-rrov Kat r-^s
oo-ioTT^ros, " both of his character generally, and especially of his
rectitude," not := Trj<s tov rpoirov ocrioTrjTo? ; cf. the Homeric Tpwes re
Kttt E/cTwp, oA/3(o re ttXovtw re ; Plutarch, Tiniol., 31, Troirj/xara ypdcfi€Lv
Kol TpaywStas. See on § 56. ckuvov must be taken with Tp6-n-ov as
well as with otrioTr^Tos;
cf. IV. 54, Kat tov rpoTrov Kttt T^v p(j)fjir}v rrjv r^s
TToXeojc.—The expression KaXos Kdya6o<; should always be written as
two words. (See Sandys on IV. 78). [Kov(f)OTepav T, Bk. ; KOLvorepav
A, V. (cf. X. 36, VII. 70). An Kovt^oripav koL KOLvorepav ? Blass].
TToXv av epyov cLrj, " would be too tedious"; cf. XIV. 27.—"The
years 413—405 were years of great distress for Athens ; and, after
405, cases of banishment and confiscation were numerous in every
city where there was a Spartan dekarchy. Thus the early years of
the reign of Evagoras coincided with a period when such a refuge as
Salamis was likely to attract the greatest number of settlers."Jebb's
Attic Orators, II. p. 111. See Grote, chap. Ixxvi.;
cf. Lysias, XIX.
38—46.
§ 52. 8vfm;;)(7;o-a9. See Appendix on the Text. Cf. V. 62,
Kovwv ttTv;(7^cras Iv rrj vavfia^^ia rfj Trepl 'FiW-^cnrovTOV (at Aegospotami,
B.C. 405) ov Si avTov oAXa 8ta TOv<; a-vvdpxovTa<; ot/caSe fxev dcf>LK€(r6aL
KaTrj(r)(yv6r], TrXewa? S'cts KvTrpov, k.t.A. ; Xen., Hell., II. 1, 29 ; Plut.,
Artax., 21, Stirpifit pXv iv RvTrpw /xera tyjv ev A'tyos Trorafxo'i'S
vavfia^iav ov Trjv a(T(f)a\€iav dya-Trwi', d/\Aa rr/i' twv irpayftdroiv /x€Ta(3o\r]v
jrepifiivwv ;Grote, chap. Ixv.—eKctrw. . . avrov. See on §2.—TroAAa
KaTwp^wKws like TrAetora KaropOovv § 41 ; oftener absolute, <'.y., § 28.
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48 NOTES.
§ 53. ovK ecf>6aaav . . . kol, " they no sooner approached one
another than they ..." Such co-ordination is frequent in Greek
after ov cj)9dvw, a/xa, ^Sr], ovttw. For ov (f)Odv(i> Koi cf. IV. 86, OVK
^Orjaav Tru^dyaevot . . . Ka\ ; V. 53, VIII. 98, XVI. 37, XIX. 22. On
the usage of Isoc. and other authors with regard to the aorists of
<f)6dvo) see Sandys' note on IV. 165, and Rutherford's Xew Phrynichus,
p. 217. " There are several verbs which in classical times used both
aorists—the weak and the strong—in the same sense, but in Attic
proper such verbs were exceedingly rare. . . . The two aorists of
<f)Odv(o run parallel, except in the participle, which Attic confined to
the weak."—o-<^as aurov's, cf. § 57. On the frequent substitution of
the reflexive for the reciprocal pronoun, see Farrar, § 100 ("re-
ciprocity is extended into identity, just as in the German ' Wir
sehen uns wieder';='we see one another again,' and in the French
' se battre,' etc.").—eTretra without 8c, see on § 42.
§ 54. TToXiT-qv e.TTe.TToiYjVTO, SC. 'A6r}va7oL, implied in T^s rifJi€Tipa<;
TToAews, cf. I. 21. Compare Demosth., XII. 10, v/acis eSore TraXiTeiav
Eivayopa rw KuTrpto) Kal Atovfato) kul tois eKyoFOts Tois e/cetvwy. ottojs
. . . dTraX\d$ov(ri. See on § 25. ra-^vv tov Kaipov ; ra^vv is a predicate,
"soon afforded them an opportunity." i-TrexeLpijaav, under Agesilaus
cf. IV. 144, V. 62.
§ 55. Xa/Bovre's kol rcov or. (XTropowTwv. "As the participle in the
genitive [ov accusative) absolute denotes the same relations (time,
cause, etc.) as the participle in its ordinary construction, both may
be used in the same sentence, and be connected by conjunctions."
Goodwin, § 111. Cf IV. 148, 142, 93; Thucyd. I. 2.—/^acnXews,
" the Great King." " (3acnXev<; ab Isocrate est sine articulo scriptum,
ubi rex Persarum in universum, non certus certoque nomine appel-
latas, intelligitur, ut eodem jure ibi regnum Persicum scribi possit."
Benseler quoted by Sandys on IV. 145.—/Sao-tAe'ws, i.e., Artaxerxes
n (Mv-^ixwv) 405—359 B.C. on XPW- ^o*^?'^P-'
" tio^ to derive
advantage from the situation of aifairs." For -n-pdyfiara, see on § 42.
—[Verbis tov vrpo? A. facile caruerim, Blass]. ttjv rjivupov : avv-qOi^
IcTTL T(5 'IcroKparet TrjV virb tw ySacrtXct tmv Ilepcrtoi/ yrji/ ovtu> KaXilv,
wo-Trep tv re ^tXtWo) (V. 97) Kal 'ApxiSap,w (VI. 73). Harpocrat. ; cf.
§ 68, IV. 132.
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NOTES. 49
§56. KaTevavixaxyjO-rj&av at Cnidus, B.C. 394; Xen., Hell., IV. 3,
10—14 ; Grote, chap. Ixxiii. ; Nepos, Conon. On the results of the
victory and the rebuilding of the Long Walls of Athens, see Grote,
chap. Ixxiv., and Cartius (translated by Ward), vol. IV., p. 242.
"The deeds of Thrasybulus and his comrades were cast into the
shade; Conon and Evagoras were the heroes of the day, the second
founders of Athens."—For ol 8"'E/\Ar;i/es instead of ol K aAA.oi''EX-
\y)ve<i cf. § 68, V. 63, Kovwi/ . . . AaK^SaLfxovLovs /xev i^ejSaXev €« tyj^
ap)(rjs, 70v<; 8' "EXXr^vas i^Xeu^epojcrev. See on § 51. —dXiv dveXa^c.
For the pleonasm cf. § 6Q, ttoXlv £7ravr;yaye» T7J<; Svva/Aews tt/i/
TrXeLa-rrjv. See on § 41.
§ 57. ovirep, viz., in the Kepa/ActKos near the o-roa /JacriXctos. Cf.
Pausanias, I. 3; Demosth., XX., pp. 477, 478. (r<pwv airwv = uAJVr^-
Xwv. See on § 53.
§§ 57 med. to 65. The Cyprian War.
The question of the chronology of the Cyprian War is closely
connected with that of the date of publication of the Panegyricus.
In that oration Isoc. makes several allusions to the war of Evagoras
against Persia (See Or. IV., §§ 124; 134, 135; 141; 153, 154;
161, 162; 179). The war lasted ten years (Isoc. Evag., § 64;
Died., XV. 8. 9). In the course of it Evagoras was defeated at sea
by the Persians ; was soon afterwards blockaded in Salamis ; and,
after a brave resistance, capitulated. Isoc. in Or. IV. § 141, alludes
to the sea-fight ; in § 134 he speaks of the blockade as existing; and
in § 141 he says that the king of Persia has now wasted six years
in the war; which apparently means six years from the navalengagement in 386-5 b.c. (Blass, Isokrates und Isaios, p. 231),
though some take it to mean six years from the beginning of the war
(Jebb, Attic Orators, II., p. 159). We learn from Diodorus that the
war lasted ten years (XV. 8. 9) ; that the sea-fight took place in 886
(XV. 2—4), and that Evag. capitulated in 385 (XV. 8). Now the
date of the rancgi/ricits is determined by § 126, where it is said that
the Spartans are besieging Olynthus and Phlius. Olynthus was
besieged in 383 b.c, Phlius early in 380; both fell towards the close
of 379. The speech cannot, then, have been published before 880,
or after 379. Since 380 b.c. was the first year of the hundredth
4
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50 NOTES.
Olympiad, the title of the speech makes it probable that the
Panegyricus was published at the time of the Olympic festival in
the autumn of 380 b.o. (Blass, I. u. I., p. 230 ; Jebb, Attic Orators,
n., p. 150; Clinton, Grote, Schneider, "Introd." to Pan., p. 2; Sandys
" lutrod." to Pan., p. XLIII. ; Reinhardt " Introd." to 5th edition of
Eauchenstein's Pan. and Areop. ; Mahafiy, History of Classical Greek
Literature, II., p. 226. I see, however, from Professor Mahaffy's
note, that Blass, Attische Beredsamheit, IV., 350, now inclines to
884 B.C.). It thus appears that Isoc. in 380 speaks of the Cyprian
War as still going on, whilst Diodorus states that it ended in 385,
both stating that it lasted ten years.
W. Engel (De temjwre quo divulgatus sit Isoc. Panegyr., Berlin,
1861) relying on the statement of Diodorus (XV. 8) that the war
ended in 385, tries to reconcile Diodorus with Isoc. by supposing
that, with the exception of §§ 125—132, which allude to 380 e.g.,
the Panegyricus was published in 385, just before Evag. capitulated.
The " six years " of Isoc. would then be 391^—385, during which the
war was actively prosecuted, 394—391 having been years chiefly
of preparation. Engel's argument, from the tone of §§ 125—132,is ably met by Reinhardt [I.e., pp. 32, 33), Jebb {I.e., p. 151), and
Blass [I.e., pp. 230, 231). It is sufficient to say here that the
argument from chronology is discredited by the self-contradiction of
Diodorus, who in XIV. 98 states that the first preparations for the
war were made in 390 (Reinhardt, I.e., p. 33). Engel's view has
been adopted by Rauchenstein and Curtius, the latter giving the
following dates : Subjection of the Cyprian principalities 394—1
Persian war without important events 391—387; Evagoras at the
height of his power, loss of the fleet, and capitulation 386—5 {History
of Greece, trans, by Ward IV., p. 242).
CHnton {F. H., vol. II., p. 279, appendix c. 12 on the Cyprian
War) rejecting the chronology of Diodorus, and dating the entire
Panegyricus in 380, believes that the war began in 385, in which year
Evagoras suff'ered his defeat at sea, and ended in 376. The " six
years " of Isoc. are then 385—380. The blockade of Salamis must
have followed close upon the defeat, and we must suppose a resist.
ance of about nine years on the part of Evagoras. Clinton's con-
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NOTES. 51
elusion is drawn mainly from his interpretation of Pan., § 141, where
he explains Tr/DoSeSuo-Tu'x^Kcv as implying that this engagement was
the '-'first actioQ of the war "; it should, however, rather be rendered
"
Hasalready sustained a defeat " (Sandys and Benseler, ad. loc).
Clinton evades the necessity of contradicting Xenophon by represent-
ing the two Athenian expeditions sent to assist Evag. in Cyprus,
first in 390 b.c. (Xen., Hell, IV. 8, 24), next in 388 b.c. (Xen., Hell.,
V. 1, 10), as relating to "hostile measures before the war began."
Clinton's view is adopted by Jebb {I.e., p. 159) and by Schneider
(note on Evag., § 64).
[Benseler (note on Pan., § 141) quotes Diodor., XV. 9, as
authority for the statement that the war ended in 376 (!)].
The view which I have adop'ued is that of Grote, Sandys, and
Blass, who consider that the war began in 390, and ended in 380.
The " six years " are to be reckoned from 38^, when Artaxerxes
began active operations against Evagoras, and the latter was
defeated in the sea-fight. (Professor Jebb has shown that Grote's
alternative hypothesis—that the " six years " are to be dated from the
peace of Antalcidas—is untenable.)
Evagoras seems to have been forced into war by the Persians
(^Evag., § 58, Trpos Sc tovtov outws c/c ttoXXov TrcpiScws cf^f, ware
fiera^v iraa-^wv €*, 7roA.eyu.err Trpos avrbv e7r€i[^etpiy(re, hinaxa fjbev ov Trotwi'
§ 62, i-n-ei^rj rjvayKda-Or] TroXe/Aetv). Evagoras, at first successful,
worsted and humbled Amathus, Kitium, and Soli, which cities,
under Agyris, adhered to Artaxerxes, attacked the Phoenicians on
the mainland, took Tyre, and induced some of the Cilician towns to
revolt {Evag., § 61, 62; Diodorus, XIV. 98; Ephorus, Fnig. 134).
He received powerful aid from Akoris, the native and independent
king in Egypt, and from Chabrias, and the force sent by the
Athenians. The Athenians, from gratitude to Evag. for his protec-
tion to Conofl, twice sent a squadron to his assistance, although the
alliance was an inconvenient one. See Xen., PJeiL, IV. 8, 24 (b.c.
390), V. 1, 10 (B.C. 388), Lysias, XIX. 21—23, Cornelius Xepos,
Chabnas, c. 2;Demosth., Adv. Lqit., p. 479, oo-a cv Kwrpw rpoVata
ea-TTjcre, 8C. Xa/?ptas. At the peace of Antalcidas, b.c. 387, he was
abandoned by Athens, though still assisted by Akoris of Egypt, and
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52 NOTES.
secretly supplied witli money by Hekatomnus, prince of Caria (Xen.,
Hell., V. 1, 31 ; Isoc, Pan., § 141, Evayopas^os ev rats <Tvv6rjKai<i
cKSoros eWiv; Diodor., XV. 2; cf. Diodor., XIV. 98; Isoc, Pan.,
§ 162). In 38| Evagoras, having previously gained a battle on land,
attacked the Persian fleet at Kitium, and, after a hard-fought contest,
was completely defeated and blockaded in Salamis (Diodor., XV. 4).
He held out until 380 or 379, still helped by Akoris ; while Tyre and
several towns in Cilicia also continued in revolt against Artaxerxes
(Isoc, Pan., § 161). The long resistance of Evagoras may be partly
accounted for by the mutinous disposition of Persia's Greek con-
tingents, and by the dissensions of the Persian commanders Tiribazus
and Orontes (Isoc, Pan., § 153, rov<; fxeO'avrwv ei? Ki;7rpov
aTpaTevcraixevov<s /aoAAov ^ tovs alxt^aXoyrov? vfSpL^ov; Diodor., XV. 9,
Twv cTTpaTLurroxu . , . aTret^owTwv koI ttjv iroXiopKiav iyKaTaXeLTTovTow).
The Persians, wearied by his obstinate resistance, acceded to his
propositions for peace, consenting to leave him in full possession of
Salamis, under payment of a stipulated tribute, Diodorus (XV. 8, 9)
says that Evag. broke off the negotiations, because the Persians
inserted in the convention the words" like a slave to his master,"
and only renewed them on the offensive phrase being withdrawn.
Mr. Grote regards this anecdote as no way improbable, but is
surprised at the omission of "so choice a morsel for the panegyrist"
by Isoc
Mr, Sandys has the following note on Pa7i., § 134 : " The lost
histories of Callisthenes would doubtless have thrown the fullest
light upon the events of this war. It so happens, however, that an
abstract of an account of it, by Theopompus, was made by Photius
(the learned patriarch of Constantinople in cent. 9, a.d.), Bibl. Cod.,
176, p. 120, Bekker. This abstract proves that the war was begun
before the peace of Antalcidas, was not vigorously waged till after
that peace, and was apparently not concluded until the accession of
Nectanebis I. to the throne of Egypt, an event which cannot be fixed
with certainty. Theopomp., Frag. Ill, ed. Miiller (part of a summary
of the twelfth book of his Philipj^ica). "Ottws tc 6 ^aaiX^vs Evayopa
avveireia-Oy) TroXefxrjcraL, dTpar-qyov linaT'r]<ja<; AvTOcfipaSdTrjv tov At'Sia?
aaTpaTTTjv, vavap^ov 8e 'EKaropivwv (cf. Pan., § 162). Kai Tvepl Tr}s
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elp-Qvr)?, 71/ auros tois "EXXt^ctiv ijSpd^eva-ev (Pan.,§ § 120, 121, 176).
OTTw? re TT/jos Euayopav iirLKpaTea-repov €7roA.e/A£i, /cat Trepi t^s ev Kwpwvav[xa)^La<s [Pan., § 141). Kat tus 'A6r]vaL(jiv rj ttoAis rats Trpos /JacrtXca
(TW^T^/cais CTTCt/Daro Ifxp-evuv, AaKe8at/x,ovtoi Se VTrepoyKa (f)povovvT€<;
Trape/Saivov ras (Tw^T^Kas. Ttva re Tpoirov rrjv iirl 'AvraXKiSov WevTO
elp-^vqv (Pail., § 115, sqq.), xat 0)9 Ttpt;8a^09 iTroXifirjcrev {Pan., § 135),
OTTcos T€ Eiayopo. iiTefSovXevcrev' ottws T€ avrov Eiiayopas Trpos jSaaiXea
OLa^aXoiv, cruveySaXe /xer' 'Opovrou, Kat cos NfKTavtjStos TrapetXiy^dros t^*
AtyuTTTOu yGacrtXctav, Trpos AaKeSat/tovtovs 7rpeaj3eL<; otTrecrTctXcv Evaydpasv
Tiva re rpoirov 6 Trepi Kurrpov avrw ttoXc/xos 8ieXv$y].^^
§ 57. For ySao-iXeu's without the article see on § 55 ; with the
article IV. 145.—Kwwvos, cf. IV. 154, Kdvwva ctti Oavdrco (TvXXaj3e'LV
h6Xp.7]crav (ot Ilepo-at), Cornel. Nepos, Conon, 5, 3, in vincula conjectus
est, in quibus aliquamdiu fuit. Inde nonnulli eum ad regem abdu-
ctum, ibique periisse, scriptum reliquerunt. Contra ea Dinon hi-
storicus, cui nos plurimum de Persicis rebus credimus [fl. circ. 360
B.C.], effugisse scribit. Diodor., XV. 43, vTroTrreuo-as 6 'I^iKparTjs p-rj
(TvXXr]<j)6y Koi Ti//.wptas Tv^rj KaOdirep Kovwv CTraOev 6 A^ryvaios, Xen.,
Hell, IV. 8, 16; Lysias,'xiX. 39, 41. Blass (I. u. I., p. 262)
thinks that the words TrcpI ^ev ovv Kdj/wvos aXXos rjplv eo-rai Xdyos
indicate that Isoc. was thinking of writing an iyKwp.Lov Kdj/wvos
which his friendship with Timotheus would naturally suggest. An
iyKWfiLov Kdvojvos might more naturally have been included in the
Evagoras than the digression on Theseus in the Helena.—XaOav,
sc. aXXous, cf. I. 15, V. 93.
§ 58. fpaLverat. See on § 37. Kvpov. On the dvaj^ao-is, cf. IV. 145,
V. 90, XII. 104;Xen., Anab., lib. 1 ;
Grote, chap. Ixix.—/xeyio-rov 8e
TeKfirjpLov, See on § 8. p.iKpov Sciv, "almost," cf. IV. 144, V. 51;
dXtyou Sell/ (Seiv is often omitted, Aristoph., Nub., 722), VII. 20, ws
o-uvrdp,cos dirfiv ; IV. 154, ws aTrXws dirHv. On these absolute infinitives
see Goodwin, § 100. i(f)LcrTa(r6ai e-n-l c. ace, " to appear before,"
cf. IV. 149, VTT avTOL<i Tots /JacTtXetots, Xen., Anab., II., 4, 4, ctti
rais ^Dpais avrov."Xenophon (who does not mention the name
Cunaxa) was informed that the field of battle lay 300 stadia (about
42^miles) from Babylon. Plutarch (to whom we owe the name of the
battle) states {Vit. Artax., 8) that Cunaxa was 500 stadia (about 58
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54 NOTES.
miles) distant" (Sandys on IV. 149). fj.€Ta$v Trda-x^v ev. The adverb
fji€Taiv is often connected (in position and in sense) with the temporal
participle, although grammatically it qualifies the verb of the sentence,
Goodwin, § 109, note 2 ; cf. XV. 159.—Isoc, by placing ev after
7rao7^ciJv, avoids hiatus ; cf. IV. 80, and see on §§ 39, 48. The refer-
ence is to the events mentioned in § 55, sq.
§ 59. eVtSoVets. See on § 7.—Kara /At/cpov, "in an inconsiderable
degree'; cf. XV. 311, Kara yuinpov act Trpoo-rt^ei/Tes ; III. 10, kcu. Kara.
jXLKpov, "ever so little." But in IV. 32 Kara ju.tKpdv =" little by
little." TTjv Tv)(r]v avi'ay(j}VLL,OfJi€vr)v ; cf. I. 3, 'opw T-qv TV)(r]v rjjxiv
crv\Xa[xPa.vov(yav nal tov irapovra Katpov (rvvayuiVL^OfJi^vov.
§ 60. Twv yeyei/r^/AeVo)//, i.e., the petty wars of Evag. with the
Cyprian principalities, three of which invoked the aid of Persia
Diodor., XIV. 98.—ScStws, see Curtius, § 317, 5, and Eutherford's
New Pknjniclms, p. 270 :" The facts seem to be that the singular of
both present and past tenses was preferentially formed from the
longer stem, but the plural from the shorter ; in the participle both
forms were in use, while in the infinitive both SeSievai and SeSoiKcVat
in the imperative certainly only hihiOt, hSiroi, etc., were legitimate."
See also Farrar, § 150 for perfects in present sense. -ttoXv irepl
/A€t^oi/a)v := Trepi ttoXv jaei^ovwv, cf. XIV. 54, -uoXh vrepi ftec^ovoiv ^KOfiev
7roi',]a-6f.f.evoi ras 8e'.;cr€ts. This hyperbaton is frequent with ttoXv and
n-avv, and regular with ws and on, e.g., V. 154, ws ev cAa^i^tcrrots.
wpixr](Tev, " showed such zeal." This absolute use of op/xSv or
opfxao-Oat is infrequent ; Isoc. generally adds Ittl tl (IV. 94), or Trpos rt
(VIII. 8), or an infinitive (XII. 232).—mTTji/aAwo-ev. "Which of the
two forms dvaX- av-ijX- was pure old Attic has been always a disputed
point, among the Atticists themselves, and one not easily to be
decided, although among modern critics avo.X- was long the favourite.
In Isoc, Coray uniformly wrote, contrary to the preponderating
authority of the MSS., dvaX- ; and Bekker, following the Codex on
which he places most reliance, has uniformly restored AvtjX-. For
r]vdX(.o(Ta in this semi-compound form there appears to be no authority
whatever ; but KarrjvdXwa-ev in Isoc, Evag., § 60, and Ka.rr]vaX(ap.h'a
NicocL, § 31 are established firmly by the same MS." Buttman, s.v.
avaXCa-Kw. Mr. Rutherford says {New Pliryn., p. 82): "In such
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NOTES. 55
questions M.S. authority merits little consideration. Thus, inscrip-
tions prove that avaXcaKui did, like iTTLTrjSevu), augment after the first
syllable, not on it ; and yet, even in the same author, the same MS.
will sometimes exhibit the genuine av-qXwa-a, avr'jXwKa, avr]Xu)6r)v by
the side of the corrupt avuXwa-a, dvoAwKa, a.paXwdrjv."
§ 61. o/xws. See on § 11. aTroXeXa/xfjieyos. See on § 47. Cf. IV.
141, virep 8e rijs X'^P^'^ rpio^i.Xcovs ^x^l fiovov TreXTacTTa? (with Ben-
seler's note). According to Diodor., XV. 2, Evag. had 6,000 men
and help from abroad. On the forces sent by Athens, see Xen., Hell.,
IV. 8, 24, V. 1, 10. fj Tots aXAots = rj iv Tots aAAots, see on § 3,
Tois oAAots Tots vpocLp-qfjievoL'i. 6 aXAos is here substantival, and toIs
Trpo. is the attribute;
cf. IV. 175. But 6 oAAos is adjectival in VIII.
15, Trepl Twv aXXoiv twi/ ttjs ttoXcws TrpayfxaTOiv, and twv t^s TroAetus IS
a second attribule; cf. Demosth., Trapa Trjv jj^oAk^v Tr]v fjieydXrjv
§ 62. JlvvTayopav. Pnytagoras, when Evag. defeated at sea fled
for help to Egypt, for a time defended Salamis. Diodor., XV. 4.
[I may here mention, incidentally, the successful three years' war
of Egypt against Persia, which lasted either from 392—390 B.C., or
from 390—388 b.c. See Isoc, Pan., § 140 (with Sandys' and Jebb's
notes); Diodor., XV. 2—4; Grote, chap. LXXVI]. /xiKpov e'Se'r/cre.
In this expression the personal construction is the regular one ; cf.
XIX. 2, IV. 21, TOcrouToi; Sew . . . uxrre ; VII. 17, p.iKpov aTreXtTrev tov
ar] 7repLTre'J€LV.—Compare Pan., § 161, ovk AiyuTTTos p-ev avTov Kal
KuTrpos 6.<^i(JTi]ue, ^oLvtKf] 0€ Kai ^vpLa Sea tov ttoXc/xov ai'daraTOL
yiyovaxTt, Tvpos8' £(/>'
rj p.iy k(f)p6vr](T€V, VTrb twv k^OpwiV twv eKeivov
KaTeiXrjTTTaL ; tcoi/ 8' iv KtXtKta TroXewv ras /^ev irXetcrTas oi p.eO' rjp.w
orres e^ovcri, ras 8' oh ;)^aXe7rov Icttl KTrjcraa-Oai ;Diodor. XV. 2, 'Eku-
pUv€ (sc. Evagoras) Kara Tf}v ^oulki^v Tvpov Koi Ttvwp' eripwv, 3 and 9.
—On the greatness of Tyre see Ezek. 27 ; Is. 23 ; Mayor's note on
Juv. I. 27 [Tyje =: Sur = " rock "]. too-ovtov? twv iroXep.ioiv aTrwXecrev
wcrre -jroXXous Tle/jawv Trev^owras rots avTwv avfji(f>opa'; /xe/Av^cr^ai tt}?
dp€T^s T^s cKctVou. Blass (/. «. /,, pp. 124, 2G3) notices the elevated
tone and careful choice of words in this sentence ; dirwXea-ev for
dTrcKTeu'cv ; 7rj<; operas t^s cKeiVov, where €K€tVou would have been
sufficient ; (rvp.(f)opai rather than Kaxd.
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§ G3. reXevTuiv, "finally." On certain participles used as adverbs
see Goodwin, § 109, note S.—iveTrX-qaev, "made them weary of";
cf. VI. 69, TMV Sctvwv 01 fxev T]Sr] [xcaTol Tiryxavouo-iv ovtcs, ol Se 8ta
rax^oiv kfXTrX-qaOria-ovTai ; Ep. III. 4, So^t/s eVt^u/tetv koL jx-qUtroT'
ifXTTiTrXaa-OaL Trpoai^KU rots ttoXv tcov oAAwv huvcyuovcnv. Blass com-
pares Hom., II., XIX. 423, ot' X^|w Trptv Tpwas aSr/v eXao-at TroXifxoio,
" drive them to satiety of war."—eTroi-^WrTo, i.e., the Persians, through
Orontes. For the conditions of peace see Diodor., XV. 9. Evag.
was to fiaa-iXeveiv rrj'S 2aAa/xTj/os koI tov wptcr/xeVov StSoVat <^opov Kar'
iviavTov KOL viraKOveiv ws (3o.cnX€vs ^aaiXfi TrpoaTarrovri.—Kti^y]aavT€<;.
See on § 7. rvpawlSos called (Saa-iXeLa in §§ 25, 41 ; cf. § 42,
Tvpai'vov aVTov Trj<; ttoA-ccosKarecrTYjcrev.
§ 64. ivTo?. "Within a certain time " is expressed by Isoc. either
by cvTos as here, or by iv, IV. 87 ; or, if the statement is general, by
the simple genitive, VI. 109, pMcpov )^6vov.—rptwv irwv, 396—394 b.c.
This war is called 6 7ro/\e/xos 6 vrepi 'PoSov. " Isoc. considers the war
between Persia and Sparta as having virtually begun in 396 b.c,
in which year Agesilaus took the command in Asia, and Conon took
the chief command of the Persian fleet. He considers that Persia
took au-ay the empire (d<^eiXETo t-^v apx^v) of Sparta by the victory of
Cnidus, in 394. This is, of course, a rhetorical exaggeration;
for,
though it is true that the maritime power of Sparta was crushed at
Cnidus, the Spartan apxn in Hellas lasted till Leuctra " (Jebb's Attic
Orators, IL, p. 112). Cf. Pan., § 142, Phil, § 63.—dc^ei'AeTo, sc.
ySao-tAeus, an abrupt change of subject, as the subject of iTroirjo-avTo
was ol liipa-ai.—h-T] Sena ;Diodor. XV, 9, 6 Ki;7rptaK09 ttoXc/aos Se/cacr?;?
(TxeSov yeyevry/io'os (390—380 B.C., see § 57. Note on the Cyprian
War) Koi TO irXiov Toi) xpovor Trept Tropao-Kenas dcrxoAij^ets SteVv/ XP^^°^
TOV IttI Trao-t (rui/exws i-rroXeixi^Ov (cf. Blass, I. v. I., p. 232, note 2).
o 8c IT. 8. See on § 8.—oto's re. The relative force of oo-tc, ^re, ore,
and their cognates was developed out of the demonstrative (/cat os or
OS T£ = who) which still exists in Hom. ; when they became true
relatives, as in Att., re was dropped, except in a few phrases, as aTe,
wcTTe, e^' wTC, oios t€, ecTe.
§ 65. KatToi, " indeed " (instead of the simple toi, Hke kol yap for
ydp), and so not in its usual adversative sense " and yet." KatVot in
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the former sense is often in Isoc. followed by ttws ; cf. III. 25, IV. 96,
VII. 18.—(^avetrai . . , v7r€p(3a\6fj.evos. See on § 37 ; and for virepfSaXo-
fifvos see on § 6. tootovtol to ttXtjOos. See on § 29. koX t->;v 86^av,
" the renown he won would have been greater than theirs." airwv
is dependent on /xet^w, and like the preceding e/cet'i/ous refers to twv
^pdjtDv, See on § 2.
§§ 65—72. Kecapitulation of the achievements of Evagoras. His
prosperous life. His death.
§ 65. o-KOTTot/xei/ [a-KOTrot/xo' V, A ; cett. cod. o-KOTrwynev], Goodwin,
§ 54. 2. "The irregularity in el tovto yevoiTO, Travra KaXcos c^et is
precisely the same as in the English " if this should happen, all will
be well," where the more regular apodosis would be "all would be
well," as in Greek Travra koAcSs av £;i(ot. TTpdyfxacnv. See on § 42.
OS. See on § 49 [os om. T, quod malit Sauppe ; ws E, et re. A. Cf.
71].—TroAtretas. See on § 46.
§ 67. ajMLKTov, " shut oif from intercourse with others " = tows
"EX^Tyvas ov irpocrSex^ofjLeuov (§ 47), or aTrpoo-oto-rov (§ 49), cf. Thuc, I.
77, 8.—ert Se Trpos Tourots, cf. § 1, and Trpos 8e tovtol^, §§ 72, 75.
o^Tws KaXws. See on § 39. twv aXXwv, the other allies of the king.
§ 68. TTJs 'Ao-tas Kuptos [as the result of the peace of Antalcidas,
387 B.C., Xen., Hell., V. 1, 31, 'Apra^cp^s /?ao-iXei»s vo/xi'^ct StKator,
Tas p.£v ev TTj Acrta ttoXcis iavrov etj/at, Kat twv vt/ctojv KXa^o/xevas koi
Kwpov Tas 0€ aXXas EXXT^vtSas TroXets, Kat p.iKpa<; kol p,eyaXus,
avTov6fx.ov<; dc^eivat, TrXryv Arjuvov Kat Ifxfipov Kat I^Kvpov TaiJras Se,
wo-TTcp TO ap^aLov, ea-at 'AOrjvaiow, k.t.X.. (cf. IV. 141) Schneider]. I
think that Isoc.does not
in thispassage
allude to thepeace of
Antalcidas, but to the results of the victory at Cnidus (b.c. 394).
Trjv Tjireipov. See on § 55. ol S"'EXXijv€s, i.^.j ol 8' aXXot ^EXXt^vcs, see
on § 56. TocrovTov lirihoa-av, " gained such an increase of influence."
cTre'Soo-av is used absolutely again in § 81 ; cf. § 7, eVtSoo-tv Xa/A/3ai/eiv.
—Tr]v apxV Scuo-oj/Tas after the battle of Cnidus, cf. VII. 65, TrpeV/Sfts
cX^ovTas Trap avrdv koI StSoi'ras (" offering ") t^ ttoXci tt/v o.p)(r^v tt^v
T^s ^aXamys.
§ 69. TTOTepov, which should strictly be followed by only one
alternative with t/, is here followed by two, cf. Soph., 0. T., 112,
TTOTcpa 8'ei/ ot/cois ^ V dypots 6 Adi'os 17 y^s ctt' oXXt/s TwSf o-vpiTrLTmi
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58 NOTES.
cfiovw ;and in Soph., EL, 539—544 by three ; on the other hand, the
second alternative is sometimes left to be supplied, Isoc, XII. 22,
diropu) TTorepov dvTtKaTTjyopw twv iWiafxivoiV dec tl i/^tvoecrpai Trcpt fJ.ov
Koi Ae'ye/.v dveTTiTT/Setov (so " utrum," e.g., Cic, In Verr., II. 69, 167).
—eTTto-TT^o-w T^v Sidvoittv, cf. Theophrast., Char, proem., 1, -qS-q /u,ev
Kat TrpoTepov ttoXXcxkl's eTntrTiycras Tijv Stavoiav; Arist., Meiaph., I. 6.
i(f>L(TTdvaL Tf]v yvw/ATjv (the reading of V) appears not to have been a
usual phrase; e^to-Tai/at was more often used absolu'iely, to "give
attention."
§ 70. Sojpeas, i.e., rrjs adavaaia'i.—ivOdBe, "here on earth," cf. § 2,
XIV. 61, where it is opposed to oi cKet, " those in Hades." irepL-
n-e(T6vTa<i, " falling into." Isoc. is thinking especially of Hercules.
§ 71. Ti yap d-n-iXnrev €v8., " in what respect was he wanting in
happiness?" cf. XII. 76, ti yap cKetvos iviXi-n-ev, os Tr]XiKavTr]V fxkv
ecrx^ TLixyji'. Evagoras is the subject, and tl the object, of dTreXiTrev ; cf.
Thucyd., VIII. 22, ol Xtot ovSe.v dTroXetTrovTes 7rpo6vp.[a^ {7rpo6vp.La<i
ab ovhh/ pendet. Nam d-woXd-.Tuv rtvds dictum esse sensu intransitivo
exemplis comprobare nequimus. Poppo).—os is causal, see on § 49.
Tw crwp.ari, i.e., toi) awp-aTos tw KctAAei Kat rrj pwp-j], § 22 ; cf. § 23,
rats Tov crw/Aaros Kat rats Tijs 4^v)(rjs dperats StijveyKev. For crw/Aa
contrasted with yvoijxrf cf. § 74.—SaAap-tros. Salamis was situated
on the east coast of Cyprus, at the mouth of the Pedaeus, a few miles
north of the modern Famagoosta, cf. Acts xiii. 5.—Trcpt avrov jxyrip/qv,
the construction is after the analogy of fjLep.v7ia-6ai. Trcpt rtvos, for
which see on § 12.—cyStw, cf. IV. 151, e/Jtwo-av. " This is the
second aor. of a somewhat rare present ^to'w, formed on the model of
the ordinary vej'bs in -p.t, with this difference, that 8tScup,t has c8oo-av
with a short penult., but yStow has ij^Lwcrav (cf. eyvwcrav cdAwcrav) with
a long peuult. cyStw occurs in Evag., § 71. The jirst aor., cyStwo-a, is
extremely rare (v. Veitch, Gk. Verbs, s.v. ^tow and ^dw ; and Cobet,
Nov. Lect., 576)." Sandys ad loc. In writers before Arist. the
pres. and imperf. are mostly supplied by t,ouo. For the perf. see
§ 70. Prof. Jebb {Atlic Orators, II., p. 107) thinks that Isoc. could
not have written thus (§§ 70—72) while the memory of the king's
death was fresh. Evagoras was assassinated together with his son
Pnytagoras in 374 b.c. by Thrasydaeus, a eunuch, whose master,
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NOTES. 59
one Nikokreon, had just fled from Salamis on the detection of a plot
against the king's life. Theopompus, Frag. Ill in Phot., Cod., 176,
u)S T-ij Ikuvov l^tKOKpiovTO<i) TiatSt KaTa\eL(fi$€L(xrj Kopij Eiayopas re Kat 6
TOVTOV TTttts UvuTayopas Xav6a.vovT€<; aXkrjXovi avveKcidcvhov, ©patruSatov
Tov evvovxpV) o5 Tjv 'HXetos to ytVo?, avrols Tvapa. jJ.epo'i VTr-qpeTOv/xcvov Ty
Trpos TTyv Kopr/v aKoXaata, kol tos tovto airots atriov o/UOpov yiyovev,
©pao-uSatov t^v e/cetvcoi' dvatpeo-iv KaTepyacrafxevov. Cf. Aristotle, Polit.,
V. 8, 10 ; Diodorus, XV. 47 ; and Grote, chap. Ixxvi. See farther
on § 78.
§ 72. cr;rav6(jJTaT0V . . . /cat ;(aXe7r., cf. XV. 81, Xoyoi a-TravLwrepoi koX
^aXeTTwrepoi ; XII. 125, o SoKei ^^aXeTrwraTOv etvat Kat cnravLoWaTOv.—Ti>xet(^, explanatory infinitive, cf. § 28. KaXovixevov, cf. Harpocrat.,
p. 18, Bekk. oi jxlv viol tov /^acrtXews Kat ol dSeXe^ot KaXovvTUL
avaKTCS ("princes"), at Sk dSeXc^at Kat yvvoLKes dvacrcrai ("princesses").
'ApLaroTcXrjs h/ ttJ Kv^rptcov TToXtTeict.—^cos €i/ dv^pwTTOts, cf. Hom., //.,
XXIV. 258. 'EKTopa, 05 ^eos to-KC (xct avBpda-Lv.—prjOrjvaL [xaXio-T av
apfj-oa-eieu, "would very appropriately be said;" cf. VIII. 1., et Trept
aXXwv TtvUiv 7rpayf/,uT(i)v rjpfx.0(T^ roiacTa TrpoetTreti/, ooKei /xot TrpcTretv Kat
TTCpt Twv vvv TTapovTWi/ ) and for Trept C. ace. V. 11, Trept Tr;v avTrjV
VTroOea-LV hvo Xoyous etTretv.—et Kk)(pr]vTai . . . av dpp-ocretey. Goodwin,
§ 54, 1.—With this passage should be contrasted Isoc, Or., III.
(Nikokles) § § 29—35.
§§ 73—81. Conclusion. " The portrait of a man's character is a
better memorial than an image of his body." Exhortation to
NJcocles to emulate his father's virtues.
§ 73. Twv p.ei/ . . . TToXXa p.eV. To ttoXXo. p.eV corresponds ov p.^v
uXXd ; there is no clause corresponding to twv /acv, since Isoc. begins
a new sentence. vcn(.pLt,oi . . . rrjs dKp.r^5 ttjs ifxavrov, "nam meaj
ipsius setatis vigorem desidero," Mitchell ; cf. Ep., VI. 4 (To the sons
of Jason, about 359 b.c), KpetTTw ypdi//at ouk dv SvvaLfxriv toctovtov
TTJ-i dK/x^s {lo-repojv. Blass (I. u. I., p. 2G2) remarks that it would be
wrong to class (with Orelli and others) the Ecagoras with orations
such as the riiilippus (b.c. 340), and Anlidosis (b.c. 353), which showsigns of the weakness of age. Blass dates the Evagoras 370, when
Isoc. was 6G years old; Jebb dates it 365 or later {Attic Orators, 11.,
p. 107).— ov p.7jv dXXa^ oi )ai)v otp.at »-oXXa TrapaXtTretv, dXXd. ScO OU
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60 NOTES.
§ 33. o(TOV, SC. eyoi iyK(i}[XLdt,ei.v r]Bvvd[xr]v ; cf. Isaetis, VII. 41, Koi ifii
ye, oaa Kara rrjv ijj,r]v rjXiKLav, evpyjcreTe ov kukov ; Denaosth, XVIII. 153,
vvv 8e l-jvia-^ov avrbv e/cctvot, fxaXtarTa fxkv Oewv rtvos cvvota Trpos v/xSs,
eira fxevroi ko-l oaov Ka6' eva dv8pa, Koi Si ijxe.—twv crco/AaTajv eiKovas '
Ci. II. 86, [iovXov Ttts £t/cdi/as tt}? apcr^s viroixvrjfxa fxaXXov fj rov o-w/xaros
KaToAiTreii/ ; Plutarch, Cvnon, 2, eiKova ttoXv KaXkiova i/o/At^ovres etvat
T^s TO crw/Mx Kai to TrpocrwTrov o.Tro/At/AOw/Aei'i^s t^v to ^^os »cat toi/ toottov
ifX(fiavi^ov(Tav ; Cic, Pro Archia, 12. An statuas et imagines, non
animorum simulacra, sed corporum, studiose multi summi homines
reliquerunt : consiliorum relinquere ac virtutum nostrarum effigiem
nonne multo malle debemus, summis ingeniis expressam et politam ?
—rois Tc^^i'iKws e)(ov(n, "composed according to the rules of art;"
cf. IV. 48, VI. 100, uxTTE Tovs fJLeTO. Te)(yrjs cyKW/xia^ovras {Jirj 8vva(r6ai,
Tov<s iTTaivovs i^Lcruxrai rat? iKuvuiv dperals.
§ 74. Tvrrovs here includes both pictures and statues ; cf. § 75.
i^evexOrjvaL 0\ The 6' is the conjecture of Kayser, adopted by Blass,
in order to avoid hiatus. Schneider, who leaves the hiatus in his
text, suggests in his note that it might be removed by the insertion
of TovTovs, referring to tous Aoyous (cf. tovs rei^vtKws ej^ovra?, § 73).
On the subject of the hiatus in Isoc. see Sandys' Introduction to Ad
Demonicum, and note on Pan. § 143. (" The fact that there are many
passages in which alteration is impossible raises considerable doubts
as to the propriety of altering the MS. reading where such alteration
is possible").—StaSo^cvTas, "passing from hand to hand," cf. V. 7.
The reference is to circulation after publication, not to publication
itself (eK8o6eVTas= " published," V. 11). "Isocrates. ..thegreat
composer of Reading Speeches, which enjoyed a wide circulation
throughout Greece." (Hales's "Introd." to Milton's Arcopagitica, -p.
XXX).— Siarpt/Jais . . . dyaTrdcrOaL, " to meet with approval in the
discussions."
§ 75. Trpos Se tovtols, SC. Trpo/cptVoj ras twv Trpa^ecov Koi t^s Stavoias
ciKwas, as iy rots Aoyots dv rts rots Te^iKol? dewprjaeLev. Schneider,
thinking that toTs Xeyofxevot? refers not to ordinary conversation, but
to TexuLKOL \6yoi contrasted with TreTrXaa-jxevoL^ kol yeypa/xfjuevoL's (" the
products of the statuary's and of the painter's art "), reads oAAcov (the
^oci. conj. of Auger and Coray) instead of dXXi^Xwv.— \fxifjueLa-aOcV, v., Bk.
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NOTES. 61
TeKixepeaOai mg. T (idem habuisse videtur A), re/c/xatpeo-^at Bs., Sch.
(;u,t/x. frigere censens iKfjidrrea-Oai s. dTro/Aarrecr^at, conj. Dobr.)].
)(pr](rTo2^, cf. XI. 34, ofioXoyw Xiav eivai ToXfMt]p6<; ; IV. 3, 7roAA.ot twv
"TTpocnroLrja'afxevwv ctvat cra(f)i(rTwv',XII. 121, ei/ rais TroAecrtv iJ.eyL<TTaL<s
vvv eti/ttt SoKov'o-ats, Curtius, § § 570, 572. For the less usual
accusative cf. XVII. 56, vfiwv Bio/xai, /xefJLvrjfxevov; TO'VTiDV /cara-
ij/rjffitaracrOai.
§ 76. ypd<f)etv. Isoc. in speaking of his own productions uses the
unassuming ypa^av rathei^ than a-vyypd(f>eLv, cf. § § 8, 80. arr'
'Evayopov. See on § 13.—cn^vStaTpt^civ, " occupy yourselves with
(i.e., by reading) ; cf. IV. 158, rwv [JLvOuiv ^Stcrra a-vvSLaTpl/Soixev rots
TpojtKots /cat Ilepo-t/cot?.
§ 77. (f>iXo(ro(f)Lav. See on § 8. ir^povs, i.e., ovk oc/cet'ous = the
following dXXoTpLOLs.—otKctots, " in your own family," cf. I. 9.
Xeyciv Koi Trparretv, the aim of the instruction in the Isocratic
philosophy, cf. XV. 266, 271.—//.T^Sei/bs rJTTOv = p.-i) rjTTov nvos dXXov.
—Bvvr](r£L, referring to Nicocles only ; we should rather have expected
SwrjcreaOe.
§ 78. d/AcXets used absolutely, cf. II. 10.—^TroXXaKts aot 8ta»ceXev'o/Aat
Trepi Twv avTwv. These words have been taken as indicating the
letter To Nicocles, and as- showing, therefore, that the Evagoras is
later than that work. This is the view of the scholiast who wrote
the argument to Or., 2, of Schneider, and of Blass (7. u. I., p. 260).
Professor Jebb, however, (who dates the Ad Nicocl. u.c. 374 or
873) thinks that the inference from this passage is not a safe one
(Attic Orators, II., p. 107).—Trpwros koL p,oVos, cf. Lysias, II., 18,
TrpwToi Se Koi fiovoL ev eKCiVw tw xporw £/c/3aXovT£S ras Trapa cr0i(riv
avTOL'i BvvaaT€La<; S-qp-oKpaTLav KarecTTrjcravTO. Isoc. here exaggerates,
since the tyrant Dionysius had, before Nicocles, studied philosophy.
But the words need not be pressed, Trpwros koI fxovos being a formal
expression, e.g., XII., 17, ov p.6vo<; oiSe Trpoiros ^v6vvov% Totaura
Tre-n-oiTjKe.—(juXoaocfieLv kol Troveiv ettlk., " you have engaged in laborious
studies," cf, XII., 11, iirl rb ^iXoo-oc^eii/ kol Trovetv kol ypdcfxiv
Karecjivyov ; IV. 186, TrovrjcreL kol ^(Xo(ro</)rjo"ei ; IV. 6, (TKOTreii/ koL
<f)iXo(ro(f)ilv (with Sandys' note).—d</)cp.£Vovs, sc. rovrm', cf. XV. 29,
d</)£p,evos TOVTOiV, irepl wv oiaeTe ti/v il/rj(jiov.—Blass (7. 11. 7., p. 260)
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6'2' NOTES.
infers from this passage ov yap . . . XiXrjda? . . . , otl . . . <f>iXo(ro<}i€tv
Kat TTovilv lTnK€)(€Lpr]Ka^, ovS' OTL TToXXovs Twv fiao-iXewv TTotv/o-ets (notice
the future) . . . tovtojv twv harpifSwy IttiOv^jluv; and from §§ 80, 81,
that the Evagoras was written early in the reign of Nicocles, before
his philosophical studies could have borne fruit.—lo my note
on § 71 I have dated the death of Evag. 374 b.c, following Diodorus,
Schneider, and Jebb. But Blass (I. n. I., p. 246) infe}'s from III. 31,
irapaXafiiiv or eh tt/f ap^rjv KaOLOTOLfJLrjv to. fitv jSaaiXeio, ^^pr)fj.dTWv
Keva Koi Trdvra KaTy]vaXw[xeva, k.t.X., and 33, d^aTov 8e t^? "EAAaSos
rjfuv ovcrrjs ota rbv TroXefjLov rov yeyevrjfxa/ov, /cat Travra^ov crv^wfLivoiV
rjpMV . . , £Tt Sk TWV TTjV VrjCTOV i^OVTWV SvCTKoXcoS TrpOS rjfJLa? Sl.aK€LfieV(DV,
Kat paaiXew; tw jjhv Aoyw StrjXXayfxevov, r^ KaXyjOeca rpa^^eu)<; exovTO<;,
that the death of Evagoras and accession of Nicocles took place soon
after the close of the Cyprian War. As he dates the end of the war
in 380 (see on § 57), he suggests 378 as the probable date of the
death of Evag,
§ 79. 0/1,0)?. See on § 11. koL yap, namque etiam.
§ 80. Trapo^vveiv opeyeaOai, cf. I. 46, fxdXia-Ta Kav ',Tapoiw6€Lr]<i
opiyeaOaL twv KaXwv epywv.—iv tw TrapovTi. Isoc. generally omits
Kaipw after iv tw wapovTi, e.g., IV. 187 ; but in VII. 78, tV tw Trapovrt
Kaipw Koi Toi? irapeXOovcri ^povois. ws here introduces a co-ordinate
causal sentence, and may be translated by "for," cf. IV. 174; VI. 7.
See also VH. 54 (eVct )•
§ SI- XPV ^'ouK dyaTrdv, viz., ae. For the omission of Ihe subject
of an infinitive depending on Sel or ^pi?, cf. V. 78, VII. 18.—dya^av
et, cf. V. 22, VII. 52, Goodwin, § 56, who quotes Aeschin,, Cor.,
§ 147, ovK dya-n-q. el fjurj Slktjv eSwKev, aXA.' et p.7] kol •)(pv(Tw (TTeffidvw
(rTe<liavwO-q(T€TaL dyavaKret, "he is not content if he was not punished;
but if he is not also to be crowned with a golden crown, be is
indignant."—aTro Atos. See Appendix and note on § 13. -n-aXaiov,
"anciently," "remotely," (cf. Lysias, 11. 4. 'A/;ta^oVes "Apcws jxev to
TToAatov 'Jjaav OvyaTepes) ; viroyvLov, " lately," " di]-ectly," (cf. Suid., I.
2, p. 1154, ®ewv yeyovwq aTro ri}? tepas M.api<eXXr]<s to ye dvexaOev, to
8e e^ vTToyvLov iraTpoOei' d-n-o 'FikSlklov). viroyvLov is used of time in
XVIIT. 29, vTToyvLov yap icTTiv, e$ ov icuTeffivyofxev ; XV., 4, viroyviov
[J.0L T^s Toi; (3lov TeXevTTjs ovo-tjs (" at hand "). Cf. IV., 13.
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APPENDIX ON THE TEXT*
—<.—
.
§ 3. tuK\ew<;, v., Stob., 51, 29 ; ey/coXws, T, et re. yp A, Bk., Sch.
§ 13. Ko.O' avTov?; i<aO' eavvoos Sch.—§ 15. eTretS*; re; irrciS^] 8c Scb.
§ 21. Se Twv Z, v., Bs., Sch. ; Se koI twv V, A, Bk.—§ 22. TOWS {Oeaaa-
fjieuov; Tous) aywvas ; rous dywvas.—§ 24. a7ro/3/\ei/fCtai/ Sch. ; aTro-
/SXc'i/^atev. See Rutheiford's iV<?ii; Phnjvichiis, p. 442 (" . . . there
can be no doubt that -ecav was the genuine plural ending. The
manuscript authority is consistently in its favour, and when that fails
it must be restored in our texts."— § 29. /.leAXovro?, F, Bs., Sch.; /ac'AXojv
T€ V. TTpaitv A, v., Bs., Sch. ; xoX/.c T, Bk.— § 30. e^^pov E, Aid., Bs.
(cf. Vl. 74) ; oxvpoi/ Scb. avTw Sch.; avrio.—7rpoo-e/3aXXe(v), F, Bs.
;
TTpoG-c/SaXe Sch.—§ 32. aTTO.i/Tas (tovs ixOpov<;), rov? e^Opov^ ex. conj.
Sauppii uncis incl. Bs., Sch. (/ca). /act' 6X. . . . a-n-. r. i. del. Kayser)
uTravvas vot/s i)(Opov<s—IXet// E, Z, Bs. ; IXwv (F, A) Bk., Sch. kol rov? t
F, A, Bs. ; Koi Tous Sch. [iXwvTO ^S. rousr' K).— § 33. KaraXiToi.pL, A, v.,
Cob. ; KaraXeLTTOLfJiL V, Bk., Sch. -, 'dpcTrjv Sch. ; re dpcr?}*/ twv
TTcirpayfx.^i'Wi' pr. F; n"^)?/ eKctVw 7re7r,oay/xGio)v Sch.—oi/^at Sch.
;oto//,at
[" both good Attic," Bathefford's iW'»; Phrynichas, p. 432].— § 37.
avToC Sch. ; eavroti [" both good Attic," Rutherford's New Phrynichus^
p. 432].— § 39. ovO' rjixi.6eo? Sch.; ovre t]ju9(.o<;.— § 40. rj KoiriTrj'i
Lange, Dobr. (coll. V. 109, 144) : p-^r^p t) -koi. F, A, Bk., Sch. (r) p;ro)p
i) 77. v.).—§ 41. v'!rep(3aX6fxevo<; E, Z, V. ; vTrep/SaXXo/xcvo^ F, A, Bk., Sch.
o/x,oiw? conj. Turr.;
KaXws (cum anaphora non sane Isocratea), F, v.,
Bk, Sch. [o/xoiws KoAw? A, E].— § 42. TrapiXeurev Cor. ; TTapiXnrfv Sch.
* The first reading is that of Blass's revision of Benseler (Teiibncr); the
second is that of Baiter and Sauppe. Other readings are in brackets.
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64 APPENDIX ON THE TEXT.
—§ 43. avTOV Sell.; eauTOV.— § 46. rvpavviKos v., Stob., Bs.; jjnyaXocfipwv
T, A, Bk., Sch.— § 47. ^olvlkwv Aid., Bs., Sch. ; twv ^olvlkmv.—§ 49.
avTov Sch.; iavrov.—§ 50. /cai twv Trepi ttJv aXXrjv A, V., Bs., Sch. ; koX
Trepl rrjv aXXyv T, Bk.
—§ 52. Sva-TvxW^-'S Bs. ex Arist., PJi., II. 23
(Kovwv yovv Sv(TTV)(i]cra<i Travras tov<; aAAous TrapaAtTrcov ws Euayopav
•y ^X^ei/) coll., V. 62, Sch. [Suo-Tuoijcras t^s ttoXccos F] ; Sv(m;x>7crdcn/s t^s
TToXews cett., Bk.—§ 55. o-rpaTOTreSov KaTaaTrja-aiVTO V., Bs.; KaraarT.
a-rp. (r, A) Bk., Sch.—Kparj^cretav ;KpuTi^aaiev Sch., see on § 24.— § 56.
TOVTo re Blass;[tovto pr. T, Bs.] airov re v., Bk., Sch.— § 57. ttXciovos
Sch. : ttXcovos. On the forms of ttXciW, ttXcwv see Liddell and Scott,
g. v.— § 62. eVeiSj? 8' Sch. ; tVetST; 8e.— § 69. Stavotav A, E, mg. T, Bs.,
Sch.; yvu)p,r)v, V, V., Bk. Cf. I. 34.— § 70. /AaKapicrroTaros, A, V., Bs.;
fiaKapioWo.Tos, r, Bk., Sch.—§ 71. tov /8tov SiereXecre, A, v., Bs. ; SttrcX.
T. y8. r, Bk., Sch.—§ 72. ovuev T, Bs. ; oiSeva Sch. tovs S' . . . Ttts8'
Sch,; Toi)s §€ . . . Tas 8c.—§ 73. TrXct'ovos Sch. ; ttXcovos.— § 74.
iia'exOrji^at 0' conj. Kayser ; i^cvexO^vai codd., Sch. [i^evexOevras
Jacob, i^ev del. Bs.]—§ 75. koI toIs ytypa/^/i,. v.; Kat yeypafxp.. V, A, Bk.,
Sch. Cf. § 50.—§ 80. Kat Xe'yetv V. ;Xeyciv V, A, Bk., Sch. Cf. VIII.
145.—§ 81. d-TTo Alos V. ; Ik Aios T, A, Bk., Sch. Est Isocratis variare
praepositiones ; cf. praeterea V. 76, 115, 127; VI. 8 ; X. 43.
MSS. OF ISOCRATES.
r Codex Urbinas.
A 936 Vaticanus.
© Laurentianus.
A 65 Vaticanus.
H Marcianus.
E Ambrosianus.
Z Scaphusianus.
Copiae Victoriana3 (Vict.) lectionis varietas a P. Victorio in exemplai'i
sue editionis Aldinae margini annotata.
v.=vulgatalectio ea, quaj ante
Bekkerumfuit
;
quaequeab
eo, ope
Urbinatis codicis, sublata est.
On the MSS. and text of Isocrates see the editions of Sandys, of
Baiter and Sauppe, and of Blass (Teubner).
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APPENDIX ON THE TEXT. 65
EDITIONS OF ISOCRATES.
(1) The editio princeps, Demetrius Chalcondylas, Milan, 1493.
(2) The Aldine ed., Venice, 1513.
(3) Jerome Wolf, Basle, 1570.
(4) Henry Stephens, Paris, 1593.
(5) William Battle, 1729.
(6) Athanasius Auger, Paris, 1782.
(7) Gulielmus Lange, Halis, 1803.
(8) Coray, Paris, 1807-8.
(9) Bekker, Oxford, 1822 ; Berlin, 1823.
(10) W. Dindorf, Leipzig, 1825.
(11) W. S. Dobson, London, 1828.
(12) Baiter and Sauppe, Zurich, 1839.
(13) Baiter, Paris (Didot), 1846.
(14) Benseler, Leipzig, 1851.
(15) Blass, revision of (14), Leipzig, 1878-9.
Scholia: Coray, 1807-8; W. Dindorf, Oxford, 1852; Baiter and
Sauppe, 1850,
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INDEX.— <>
dyawdv ei, 81.
ddavdrT), 16.
61 Tts aiadrjffis Tols iKei, 2.
dXrjOeiai, 5.
dWos omitted, 56 ; ot dWoi, oi, 61.
d/xeXeiv, absolute, 78.
dvaXa/xlidveif TrdXii', 56.
d;'Tt, 3.
dTToXeiTreiv, 71 ; dTroXeiTreadai., -17.
dwOTOpLWS, 10.ff ttpX'?^! /card rds dp^ds, 19.
d(pl€<r6ai, 78.
d^opfXTjv Xa/MiSdveiv. 28.
^dpj3apoL, 17.
/3ao"iAei''s, 57.
TOl' |3iOJ' /J.€TaWdTTflV. 15.
Seoiws. 60.
fjuKpou oerc, 58;p-LKpov 5iw. 62.
StjXoCi', 33.
5t7/xotik6s, -16.
Staotooi'ai, 74.
((piardvai ttjj' otd^'otaf, 69.
diaTpi^eiv—rt Set X^yopra diarpi^eLV, 31.
diepx^o'do.i' Ti and Trepi rtvos, 2.
e/3tw, 71.
et xai, 24.
eKeWev. 11.
(KeivdJ!, 39 ; eirj/ceiva, 6.
iKiro^Giv TToie'iffdai. 26.
i/jLTriTrXripii., 63.
ev^d5e, 70.
evTos, 64.
^ferw, 34.
?7reiTa for ^ireiTO. 5e, 42.
e:rt, 34;iiniKUva.. 6.
eTTtSiSd^'at. 68.
^TriSoffis. 7.
evlaTacrdai Trepl rtvos, 12.
rd €TrL(pep6p.eva, 1.
^/)70v—TToXi) d;' ef?; ^pyov, 51.
^Ti 5^ TrpoS TOVTOIS, 67.
e3 transposed, 58.
ey^i)? uffirep elxe, 30.
e<pLKvel<jdaL, 49.
i(pi(7Tdvai Ti]v Sidvoiav, 69 ;errttrrjj^'ot
eTTt r«, 58.
rd ix<^IJ-^va, 33;
eO^iij iaairepelxe.
30.
^Xf' KaKuis, c. dat. rei, 10.
^ Kara, 21; rd Ka^' Tfiiepav. 43.
KaTTjvdXuiffev, 60.
ijireipos, 55.
Kadiardvai iv, 30.
/cai, joining genus and species, 51;
Kat for •^, 32; et /cat, 24; /cat ^^v, 36.
KalroL, 65.
Karopdovf TToXXd, 52.
KLPeiv, 1.
Koapelv, 5.
Kpiatv TToieicrdai irepl nvos, 42.
Xapfidvuv d(popfi7jv, 28.
Xavf^dvetc, 58.
X^7eti' (cat Trpdrret;', 77 ;X^7e«v P-f'i-i^,
48 ; Xeyeiv, omitted, 28.
Xmc, transposed, 48.
X670S " prose," 10 ;Xbyoiv evperTjs, 40.
fxr] udXXov ij, 43.
^€ifw Xiyeiv, 48;
fjLei^ovws, 21.
/u^c . . . ^^, 14.
/xeraXXdrTfiv rbv ^lov, 15.
/xera^v, C. part., 58.
p-inpou Selv, 58 ; /card fiiKpdv, 59.
fiovos Kai irpwTOS. 78.
»'aL'7r7?7eri' Tpirjpeis, 47.
oios re, 64.
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INDEX. 67
OflUVV/JiOi TIVOS, 18.
SfMUS, 11.
dvofiara Kaiva, ^'tva, 9.
Situs, c. fut., 25.
opfxav, GO.
6s, causal, 49.
dffov, elliptical, 73.
8a-Tis, consecutive, 35.
oiiS' fls and ovSeis, 47.
oCtos, inserted, 74 ; touto /xiv . . .
Tovro Se, 14 ; ovto}, separated from
the word it qualifies, 39.
irdXti' dvaXafx^di'tLi', 56.
irapd, 36.
TrapeSpeveip, 15.
trapo^vveiv, 80.
irarpiKhs, Trdrpios, TrarpCfios. 35.
irepi Tiuos iiriaracrOai., 12 ; \i^uv irepl
Ti, 72.
oi Trept Tt Si'Tes, 4.
TTOietv, 9 ; 'iroLe7adai iKTCoSwv, 26 ; Troiel-
aOai iKp' avTU), 45.
TToXtTeta, 46.
TToXtri/co's, 46.
TToXy (adverbial), transposed, 60.
irbrepov. 69.
Trpdyp-ara, 42, 59.
TTpodLpiladai, 28.
TTpoffilnrov crvvayuy-^, 44.
TTpdrfpov inrapxc-", 28.
irpuJTo? /cai p.6vos, 78.
(Tenvds, 44.
(TTTtii'tos /coi x<^^^''''5s, 72.
crvyyvu/iri ttoXXtj, 8.
ffVpSiarpipeiv, 76.
re . . . ^e, 15.
reXeuTtSi', 63.rex''"f'^s> 73.
TIjXlKOVTOS, 22.
TodoOrot, tam pauci, 29.
eV Traz'Tos rpdirov, 39.
vTrdpxc-v e^ dpxv^, 19 ;irpdrepov inrdp-
X^iv dX\' oi)k d/jLvveadai, 28 ; ra
VTvdpxovra, 21.
virepjidWeiv, 6, 13, 41.
vTrepjSoKrjv ovSe/xiav Xe'nreiv, 1 ; et's iiTrep-
^oXrjv, 23 ; vTrepj3o\dis xpijc^ct, 72.
i!'7r6, c. gen. with /SactXeia, 43 ; i^fli
auToJ TTOLeicrdai, 45.
ovS^v \jiroijTti\diJ.evov, 39.
vir6yviOV, 81.
VCTTepi^O} TTIS dK/Lirjs, 73.
(Paivecrdai, 65.
(pTJp.al, 21.
oi) (pddvu . . Kai, 53.
4>6bvos is a KaKov or I'otros, 6.
(pCKocFOfpetv Kal irovelv, 78.
<pL\offo<pia, 8.
(pvcris, "origin," 12.
XpT?, with inf. omitted, 28;with sub-
ject of inf. omitted, 81.
Xpbvv Ccrrepov, 19.
tij, c. part, with oCrw, 29;
ws. " for,"
80.
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