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IRRIGATION SYSTEMS -DRIP/MICRO/SPRINKLERS

Amnon Ofen

Director, NaanDanJain Irrigation

amnon_o@naandanjain.com

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When and how to select the preferable irrigation system

• There isn’t one simple answer

• We can say that a good farmer can succeed almost with any system?

• The final decision depends on many factors

• Water availability

• Soil type

• System cost

• Maintenance

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When and how…

• Climate

• Crop cycle

• Agro-technical activity that relay on the watering system

• Soil cultivation & beds preparation

• Herbicides activation (“GOL”)

• Germination

• Crop cooling

• Crop cleaning from dust

• Pesticide application

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Drip system comparison with Micro sprinkler system

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DRIP Vs SPRINKLERS IRRIGATION FOR POTATOES

BOTH SYSTEM CAN WORK SUCCESSFULLY

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DRIP ADVANTAGES & DISADVANTAGES

SAVING WATER COMPARED TO SPRINKLERS 30%

INSTALATION COST - HIGHER

SENSATIVE TO SOIL CRACKING AND DISEASES DEVELOPMENT

REQUIRE ACCURATE MOISTURE MANAGEMENT

INSTALATION- SUBSURFACE SYSTEM

FERTIGATION-RELAY ON 100% DISSOLVED FERTILIZERS

Drip lateral

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SPRINKLER SYSTEM

COST EFFECTIVE AND SIMPLE HANDLING

SUITABLE TO WIDE RANGE OF FERTILIZERS & MANURE

COOLING EFFECT

FROST CONTROL OPTION

AGRO TECHNICAL FLEXIBILTY-CHEMICAL SPRAYING

HERBICIDE APPLICATION

SOIL PREPARATION IN DRY AREA

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Banana

• Israeli market 99% drip (some micro-sprinklers on marginal soil)

• South America- majority under- tree sprinklers and some micro sprinklers

• Why sprinklers?

• Some of the reasons:

• Simplicity

• Vandalism

• Climate

(rain through the season)

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Vineyards

• Israel; California – 100% drip

• Brazil, Australia and more –

also micro- sprinklers or under

tree sprinklers

• Why?

• Climate – summer rain

encourage wider root system.

With drip system you loose those roots

• Water supply in long intervals-10-14 days

• High soil temp. damages the grape berries, using mulch overcomes the problem

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Climate control vineyards With Modular sprinkler

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Citrus orchard: Two laterals

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Citrus orchards

• All the systems

• Furrow

• Over head sprinklers

• Under tree sprinklers

• Micro sprinklers or Jets

• Drip

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Multiple solution for irrigation and frost control

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Macadamia

Avocado

Olive

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Almonds

CALIFORNIA

MICRO SPRINKLERS /UNDER TREE SPRINKLERS

PROBLEMS: FROST, DUST

ISRAEL

Drip some time Jets

Problems: water saving & maintenance

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Almonds

• Drip/micro sprinklers – similar results the main issue involve in selecting are:

• Maintenance

• Frost control

• Local experience-Harvest methods , dust etc.

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Plums under single drip line

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Castor with drip

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Water quality, climate and system selection

• Saline water under drip

• Salt accumulation in the upper level

• Desert dry climate with light rain can push salt into the root system

• Solution:

• Micro sprinklers

• Drip under plastic mulch

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Top Drip

Thank You!