io reviewer 1

7/23/2019 IO Reviewer 1

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LEAGUE OF NATIONSWoodrow Wilson, the 14 peace points &The Lea!e o" Nations

#ac$ro!nd

•

In 1918, Woodrow Wilson (President of the USAat the time) made a speech to AmericanCongress in an!ar" (1# months $efore the endof the war)

• %e o!tlined 1& points that he tho!ght wo!ld

ens!re world peace for the f!t!re

• 'hese points all relate to ca!ses of World War 

*ne+ P!t them into the categories of ilitarism, Alliances, Imperialism, -ationalism

The 14 %eace %rorae %oints1+ -o more secret agreements (.*pen co/enants

openl" arri/ed at.)+

0+ ree na/igation of all seas+2+ An end to all economic $arriers $etweenco!ntries+

&+ Co!ntries to red!ce weapon n!m$ers+3+ All decisions regarding the colonies sho!ld $e

impartial4+ 'he 5erman Arm" is to $e remo/ed

from 6!ssia+ 6!ssia sho!ld $e left to de/elop+7+ elgi!m sho!ld $e independent lie $efore the

war+8+ rance sho!ld $e f!ll" li$erated and allowed to

reco/er Alsace:;orraine+9+ All Italians are to $e allowed to li/e in Ital"+

Ital"<s $orders are to $e .along clearl"recognisa$le lines of nationalit"+.

1#+ Self:determination sho!ld $e allowed for allthose li/ing in A!stria:%!ngar"+

11+ Self:determination and g!arantees of  independence sho!ld $e allowed for the alanstates+

10+ 'he '!rish people sho!ld $e go/erned $" the'!rish go/ernment+ -on:'!rs in the old'!rish =mpire sho!ld go/ern themsel/es+

12+ An independent Poland sho!ld $e createdwhich sho!ld ha/e access to the sea+

1&+ A ;eag!e of -ations sho!ld $e set !p tog!arantee the political and territorial

independence of all states+

Who'

o Woodrow Wilson and America lead the

charge to set !p an international $od"for peace

o %owe/er, the" did not >oin the leag!e as

the" wanted to remain isolationisto 5erman" was not allowed to >oin, d!e to

taing the $lame for WWIo 6!ssia not allowed to >oin as it was a

comm!nist go/ernment $" this point

o  All other co!ntries co!ld >oin and in 1919there were &0 mem$er states, incl!ding

 A!stralia

What'

o 6epresentati/es from participating

co!ntries met in an ann!al generaassem$l"

o 'he aim was to disc!ss iss!es that ma"

affect world peaceo 'he Co!ncil met more often and was

made !p of permanent mem$ersrance, ritain, apan and Ital"

o It also had the a$ilit" to set !pinternational co!rts and otheorganisations

  When'

o Initiall" entioned in 1(1) $" Wilson

o Esta*lished in  1(1(  at the ?ersailles

treat" conferenceo #ecae the United Nations in

Octo*er +4, 1(4

Where'

o Participating mem$ers initiall" >oined a

-ersailleso eetings of co!ncil and genera

assem$lies were held in Gene.aSwit/erland  (remem$er Swit@erlandhad remained ne!tral thro!gho!t thewar)

  Wh0'

o 'o stop another catastrophic war from

happeningo 'o ens!re peacef!l wa"s of ending

conflictso 'o some etent, to ens!re the 'reat" of

?ersailles (and the others) were carriedo!t