introduction to facilitative skills schwarz adlt 675 class 2

Introduction to Facilitation

ADLT 675 Groups and Team Facilitation

In your teams …

Select one key concept from each of the texts that you found

Interesting

Helpful

Confirming

Surprising!

Table discussions of the groups you observed / Report out

What does it mean to function in the role of a facilitator?

Agenda – Class 9Developing Skills as a Group Facilitator

What is group facilitation?

Choosing Among Facilitator Roles

Core Values

Key Features of the Skilled Facilitator Approach

A Group Effectiveness Model

Mental Models

Rules Governing Theories-in-Use

From the work of Chris Argyris, 1978

Model I Behaviors (unilateral control)

Model II Behaviors (mutual learning)

Nine Ground Rules for Effective Groups

Telling

Testing: “Here’s what I say, “What do you think of it?”

Asserting: “Here’s what I say and

here’s why I say it.”

Explaining: “here’s how the world works and why I can see it that way.”A

DV

OC

AC

YAn artist’s pallet of advocacy and inquiry

High

Low

Asking

Clarifying: “What is the question we are trying to answer?”

Interviewing:Exploring others’ points of view, and the reasons behind them

INQUIRYLow High

Observing

Bystanding: Making comments which pertain to the group process, but not to content.

Sensing: Watching the conversation flow without saying much, but keenly aware of all that transpires

AD

VO

CA

CY

INQUIRYLow High

High

GeneratingSkillful Dialogue (Balancing Advocacy and Inquiry): Genuinely curious, makes reasoning explicit, asks others about assumptions

Dialogue:Suspend allAssumptions, creating a “container” in which collectivethinking can emerge.

AD

VO

CA

CY

INQUIRYLow

High

High

Dictating: “Here’s what I say, and never mind why.”(Dysfunctional)

Interrogating: “Why can’t you see that your point of view is wrong?”(Dysfunctional)

AD

VO

CA

CY

INQUIRY

Politicking: Giving the impression of balancing advocacy and inquiry, while being close-minded (Dysfunctional)

Withdrawing: MentallyChecking out of the room, and not paying attention (Dysfunctional)

Dysfunctional Forms of Advocacy and Inquiry

Asking

Observing

GeneratingTelling Testing

Asserting

Explaining

Skillful Dialogue (Balancing Advocacy and Inquiry)

Dialogue

Bystanding

Sensing

Clarifying

Interviewing

AD

VO

CA

CY

INQUIRYLow

High

High

Take action base on belief

Adopt beliefs

Draw conclusions

Make assumptions

Add meanings

Select data

Observable data and experience

Ladder of Inference (Argyris & Schön, 1978)

How Do You Apply the Ladder of Inference by Using Advocacy and inquiry? Walk “Down” the Ladder.