introduction to anatomy ppt

Introduction to Anatomy

Gross anatomyRegional anatomy

• Upper limb & lower limb• Thorax • Abdomen & pelvis• Head & neck• Brain

Systemic anatomy• Nervous system (neurology)• Vascular system( Angiology)• Skeletal system (Osteology)• Respiratory, Digestive, Endocrine& Urogenital

system (Splanchnology)

Histology

a. General b. Systemic

Embryology

a. General b. Systemic

Radiology

Clinical anatomy

Anatomical position

• Trendelenberg Position Lying supine with his head slightly lower than

feet.

Lithotomy position

Planes

or frontal plane

or Midsagittal plane

Other planes

Horizontal plane

sagittal plane

/ventral/Dorsal

Palmar Dorsal

Surface

Plantar& Dorsal surface of foot

Flexor surfaceExtensor surface

OTHER TERMSCentral

PeripheralExternal Internal

Superficial Deep

Ipsilateral Contralateral

Cranial or rostralCaudal

Radial

Uln

ar

Tibial

Fibular

Flexion To bend at a joint, or t

o reduce the angle.

Extension To increase the angle

At shoulder joint

Flexion & extension of Thumb

Flexion Extension Lateral

At Trunk

Head movements

At the Foot

Abductionmovement away

from midline

Adduction movement towards midline

Adduction & Abduction at Leg

Abduction & Adduction of fingers

Abduction & Adduction of thumb

At wrist

AdductionAbduction

Rotation

• Movement on longitudinal axis

Medial rotation Lateral rotation

Rotation of Trunk and Head

Circumduction

•Sequence of flexion, abduction, extension, adduction & rotational movements

Elevation Depression

At shoulder joint

Pronation – To rotate the forearm so that the palm faces backward.

Supination -To rotate the forearm so that the palm faces forward.

Supination Pronation

Protraction and Retraction

• Protraction = movement anteriorly on horizontal plane– thrusting the shoulders, jaw,

or pelvis forward

• Retraction is movement posteriorly

At jaw

Opposition and Reposition of thumb

Inversion Eversion

• Medial Rotation to turn inward.

Lateral Rotation to turn outward

Directional Terms

TERMS USED FOR DESCRIBING VESSELS

CapillariesAnastomosis

TERMS USED FOR DESCRIBING MUSCLES

Thank you

THANKS …!!!