introduciÓn jcl basico unidad 4
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z/OS MVS JCL Introduction
Copyright IBM Corp., 2000, 2004. All rights reserved.
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UNIT Coding DD Statements
Coding a DD Statement
Using DDNAME in Programs
Topics:
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A program needs to be told which data sets to use during execution. This is accomplished by coding one or more Data Definition (DD) statements in the JCL.
DD statements specify which data sets the program has to use during execution.
Unit Introduction
The characteristics of each data setappears in the DD statement not in
the individual program.
Unit: Coding DD Statements
Introduction
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At the end of this unit, you will be able to:
Identify how to connect a DD statement to the programrequirement for input/output
Identify the number of DD statements required for agiven program
Understand the advantages of identifying the applicationdata set and its location at program initiation time
Unit Objectives
Unit: Coding DD Statements
Introduction
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At the end of this topic, you will be able to:
Describe the scope of DD statements
Identify the number of DD statements required for agiven program
Explain the advantages of specifying the characteristicsof a data set in JCL
Identify some of the commonly used keywordparameters in a DD statement and their scope
Topic Objectives
Unit: Coding DD Statements Topic : Coding a DD Statement
Introduction
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What is a DD statement?
Each data set used or created in a job steprequires a separate DD statement.
In the example three data sets are involved, so
three separate DD statements are required in theJCL one for each data set.
A program called MERGE reads a particular data set (DATASET1).
Defining a DD statement
Continued
DD
JOB
MERGE
1 0 0 1
DATASET1
DATASET2
Unit: Coding DD Statements Topic : Coding a DD Statement
Concepts
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During the course of the execution, this dataset receives updates from the second dataset (DATASET2).
Defining a DD statement (contd)
Continued
DD
JOB
1 0 0 1
DATASET1
DATASET2
Unit: Coding DD Statements Topic : Coding a DD Statement
Concepts
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The result of this update creates a new dataset (DATASET3).
Defining a DD statement (contd)
DD
JOB
1 0 0 1
DATASET1
DATASET2
DATASET3
Unit: Coding DD Statements Topic : Coding a DD Statement
Concepts
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If the program also prints an output listing afourth DD statement must be coded into theaccompanying JCL.
This one is for the SYSOUT data set that isspooled and eventually printed.
DD statements - SYSOUT
DD
JOB DATASET1
DATASET2
DATASET3
1 0 0 1
Unit: Coding DD Statements Topic : Coding a DD Statement
Concepts
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The system accesses a member of a private library in order to run a program, then sendsthe output to a printer. How many DD statements would the JCL for the job contain?
A. Three
B. None
C. One
D. Two
Are We on Track?
Unit: Coding DD Statements Topic : Coding a DD Statement
Review
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The syntax used for coding a DD statement in theJCL is:
//ddname DD parameter(s)
What are the functions of a DD statement?
The DD statement identifies the basic informationabout a data set including:
DDNAME used by the program toreference a data set
The data set name
The location of the data set
The manner in which data set should beaccessed
The DD statement syntax
DD
JOB DATASET1
DATASET2
DATASET3
1 0 0 1
Unit: Coding DD Statements Topic : Coding a DD Statement
Concepts
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Code a DD statement using the following information:
The DDNAME is DD1 and parameter is DSN=WEEKLY
//JOB1 JOB 255,SMITH
//STEP1 EXEC PGM=PAYROLL
Are We on Track?
Unit: Coding DD Statements Topic : Coding a DD Statement
Review
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The PAYROLL program might specify aDDNAME
of PAY for the weekly payroll data set. Theprogram uses DDNAME PAY to point to the dataset for input to the payroll program.
If the payroll data set for that week isWEEKPAY1, then the JCL might appear as
//MYJOB JOB
//STEP1 EXEC PGM=PAYROLL
//PAY DD DSN=WEEKPAY1
DD Statement An Example
DD
JOB
PAYROLL
WEEKPAY1
1 0 0 1
Unit: Coding DD Statements Topic : Coding a DD Statement
Concepts
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The following week, the payroll data set isWEEKPAY2. The program can use the sameDDNAME (PAY), the JCL has to refer to theWEEKPAY2 data set like this
//MYJOB JOB
//STEP1 EXEC PGM=PAYROLL//PAY DD DSN=WEEKPAY2
DD Statement An Example
DD
JOB
PAYROLL
WEEKPAY2
1 0 0 1
Unit: Coding DD Statements Topic : Coding a DD Statement
Concepts
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The characteristics of DD Statement Parametersare:
Adding parameters in the DD statementallows us to specify the characteristicsof a data set
DD statement parameters can be codedin any order as they are keywordparameters
DD Statement Parameters
//DDNAME DD parameter(s)
DSN
DISP
UNIT
VOL
SPACE
LABEL
DCB
SYSOUT
Unit: Coding DD Statements Topic : Coding a DD Statement
Concepts
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What are the characteristics of the DSNparameter?
The characteristics of the DSN Parameter are:
The Data Set Name (DSN) parameter specifies the name of the data set
Data sets are either temporary or non-temporary
DD Statement Parameters - DSN
//DATA1 DD DSN=FIRST
Unit: Coding DD Statements Topic : Coding a DD Statement
Concepts
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The characteristics of a temporary data set are:
Temporary data set is used for storage within the life cycle of the job
Naming a temporary data set is optional
Temporary data set names can be coded either by including two ampersands (&&) before thename or by leaving out the DSN parameter
The syntax used in coding temporary data sets is:
//DATA1 DD DSN=&&FIRST
or
//DATA1 DD (all needed parameters except DSN parameter)
When the DSN parameter is omittedthe system assigns a unique name.
Temporary Data Sets
Unit: Coding DD Statements Topic : Coding a DD Statement
Concepts
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The characteristics of non-temporary data sets are:
Non-temporary data sets can be saved and reused after the job has completed
Non-temporary data sets must be given a data set name
The syntax used in coding non-temporary data sets is:
//DATA2 DD DSN=SECOND
Non-Temporary Data Sets
Unit: Coding DD Statements Topic : Coding a DD Statement
Concepts
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What are the characteristics of the DISPparameter?
The data set disposition parameter (DISP)specifies the current status of a data set and tellsthe system which method to use for handling the
data set after the job step terminates.
The current status of a data set can be: Old New Shared
The method of handling a data set after termination can be:
Delete Keep Catalog
DD Statement Parameters - DISP
//DATA1 DD DSN=FIRST,// DISP=(NEW,CATLG)
//DATA2 DD DSN=SECOND,// DISP=(OLD)
Unit: Coding DD Statements Topic : Coding a DD Statement
Concepts
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What are the characteristics of the VOLparameter?
The Volume (VOL) parameter is used to indicatethe specific media volume a tape data set has toaccess.
A media volume might be a specific tape volumenamed ACCT01 or specific disk pack namedTSO001.
DD Statement Parameters - VOL
A media on a storage device such as atape reel or a Direct Access StorageDevice (Disk unit) is called a volume.
//INPUT DD DSN=MYTAPE,// UNIT=TAPE,// VOL=SER=ACT001
//INPUT DD DSN=ABC,
// UNIT=DISK,// VOL=SER=TSO001
Unit: Coding DD Statements Topic : Coding a DD Statement
Concepts
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What are the characteristics of the SPACEparameter?
By using the SPACE parameter the requiredamount of space for a data set can be allocated.
The characteristics of the SPACE parameter are:
Coding the SPACE specifies how muchroom on a DASD volume the systemshould allocate to the new data set
The space can be reserved by
specifying a number of blocks, tracks or cylinders
DD Statement Parameters - SPACE
//DATA1 DD DSN=FIRST,// DISP=(NEW,CATLG),// UNIT=SYSDA,// SPACE=(100,(10,20))
Unit: Coding DD Statements Topic : Coding a DD Statement
Concepts
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What are the characteristics of the LABELparameter?
The label parameter indicates the type of volumelabels on a tape or DASD (Direct Access StorageDevice) data set, and the expiration date or the
retention period.
It also specifies whether or not volume is writeprotected.
DD Statement Parameters - LABEL
//DATA1 DD LABEL=RETPD=30
Unit: Coding DD Statements Topic : Coding a DD Statement
Concepts
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What are the characteristics of the DCBparameter?
The Data Control Block (DCB) parameter is usedduring execution to complete information in theprogram's data control block for a data set.
The DCB parameter identifies the type, blocksize,
and length of records in a data set.
DD Statement Parameters - DCB
//DATA1 DD DCB=(RECFM=FB,// LRECL=80,BLKSIZE=6400)
Unit: Coding DD Statements Topic : Coding a DD Statement
Concepts
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What are the characteristics of the SYSOUTparameter?
The output stream, or SYSOUT data set, is thedata set that contains the results of a job to beprinted.
The SYSOUT parameter specifies a systemoutput data set and its output class.
The DD statement routes the output to a printer of
the specified output class.
The output class can be any alphanumericcharacter (A-Z, 0-9) or an asterisk.
DD Statement Parameters - SYSOUT
The asterisk tells the system to usethe same class as the MSGCLASSparameter in the JOB statement.
//DATA1 DD SYSOUT=A
Unit: Coding DD Statements Topic : Coding a DD Statement
Concepts
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Match the DD statement parameters with their descriptions.
1. UNIT A. The tape reel or disk pack on which a data set is stored
2. DSN B. The current status and step termination status of the data set
3. VOL C. The type of hardware device used to store or access the data set
4. DISP D. The data set name
Are We on Track?
Unit: Coding DD Statements Topic : Coding a DD Statement
Review
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The ________ parameter in a DD statement routes the output to a printer based on theoutput class indicated.
Are We on Track?
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Volume A DASD device like hard disk or the media like a tape reel.
Glossary
Unit: Coding DD Statements Topic : Coding a DD Statement
Glossary
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Page 31 of 43 Copyright IBM Corp., 2000, 2004. All rights reserved.Introduction
Now that you have completed this topic, you should be able to:
Describe the scope of DD statements
Identify the number of DD statements required for agiven program
Explain the advantages of specifying the characteristicsof a data set in JCL
Identify some of the commonly used keywordparameters on a DD statement and their scope
Topic Summary
Unit: Coding DD Statements Topic : Coding a DD Statement
Summary
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UNIT Coding DD Statements
Coding a DD Statement
Using DDNAME in Programs
Topics:
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Page 33 of 43 Copyright IBM Corp., 2000, 2004. All rights reserved.
At the end of this topic, you will be able to:
Code a DDNAME in a program
Discuss the applications of Storage ManagementSubsystem (SMS) in managing data sets
Topic Objectives
Unit: Coding DD Statements Topic : Using DDNAME in Programs
Introduction
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How do we code DDNAME in programs?
The format for coding a DDNAME in a programdepends on the language in which the program iswritten.
The way the DDNAME is coded is different inCOBOL, PL/1, and Assembler. In the example
theDDNAME used is DD1.
Using DDNAME in Programs
SELECT FILEIN ASSIGN TO DD1...
READ FILE(DD1)
FILEIN DCB DDNAME=DD1,...
COBOL
PL/1
Assembler
Unit: Coding DD Statements Topic : Using DDNAME in Programs
Concepts
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How do we code the DDNAME in COBOL?
The ASSIGN clause in the Environment Divisionof the COBOL program identifies the DDNAMEthat must be used in the DD statement.
COBOL DDNAME Definition
SELECT FILEIN ASSIGN TO DD1...
COBOL
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How do we code the DDNAME in PL/1?
In PL/1 programs, the READ statement indicatesthe DDNAME.
PL/I DDNAME Definition
READ FILE(DD1)
PL/1
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How do we code the DDNAME in Assembler?
In an Assembler program, the DDNAME isindicated as a keyword parameter of the DCBmacro.
Assembler DDNAME Definition
FILEIN DCB DDNAME=DD1,...
Assembler
Unit: Coding DD Statements Topic : Using DDNAME in Programs
Concepts
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What is a SMS?
A Storage Management Subsystem (SMS) maybe an optional facility at the installation. Wheninstalled and active, the SMS manages many
data
sets within the installation.
If the SMS is active, the storage administrator atthe installation decides which data sets itmanages.
SMS Considerations
Continued
Unit: Coding DD Statements Topic : Using DDNAME in Programs
Concepts
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How does SMS affect the JCL?
In general existing JCL continues to performcorrectly with SMS installed and activated. SMSprovides the benefit of data class, managementclass and storage class constructs without
necessarily changing existing JCL.
Installation-defined Automatic Class Selection(ACS) routines can be used to select appropriatecharacteristics for data sets, eliminating thenecessity of coding some JCL parameters.
SMS Considerations (contd)
//SMSDS DD DSN=DATA.LIST// DISP=(NEW,KEEP)
Unit: Coding DD Statements Topic : Using DDNAME in Programs
Concepts
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Automatic Class Selection (ACS) A set of routines that assign classes to data, based on itsrequirements and attributes and select the target storagegroup.
Partitioned Data Set (PDS) It is a data set on direct access storage that is divided intopartitions, called members, each of which can contain a
program, part of the program, or data.
Partitioned Data Set Extended (PDSE) It is a system managed data set that contains an indexeddirectory and members that are similar to the directoryand members or partitioned data sets.
Storage Management Subsystem (SMS) It is a DFSMS/MVS facility used to automate and centralizethe management of storage.
Virtual Storage Access Method (VSAM) It is an access method for direct or sequential processing of fixed and variable-length records on direct access devices.
Glossary
Unit: Coding DD Statements Topic : Using DDNAME in Programs
Glossary
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Now that you have completed this topic, you should be able to:
Code a DDNAME in a program
Discuss the applications of Storage ManagementSubsystem (SMS) in managing data sets
Topic Summary
Unit: Coding DD Statements Topic : Using DDNAME in Programs
Summary
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