intro to arduino revision #2

Intro to Arduino Class !

Deezmaker 3D Printer Store and Hackerspace

Taught by Quin Etnyre

July 26, 2014

Thank you to SparkFun for sharing the original presentation!

What is Open Source?

• Release your design files to the public • Free access for anyone who wants to learn • Everyone gains knowledge, companies or

hobbyists • You are able to remake/remix the project to suit

your own needs • When you credit the original designer

What is the Arduino?Intended for anyone to create interactive projects

“Strong Friend” Created in Ivrea, Italy in 2005 by Massimo Banzi & David Cuartielles

Open Source Hardware Atmel 8-Bit Processor

Coding is easy for anyone to learn

Why do I want an Arduino?

Arduino is a 8-bit prototyping system that is easy for the modern developer, designer, hacker, kid, or someone that has no experience in this type of genre to use.

! But why is important to all of us?

Schedule• Introduction to Arduino and Installing Software • Project 1 • Electronics Concepts • Project 2 • Arduino IDE in Depth • Project 3 • Break • Project 4 • Explaining More Code • Project 5, 6, & 7 • Project Time with more ArduSensors

Kit Contents

Arduino IDE

The Arduino IDE (Integrated Development Environment) is where we develop our code, and upload the code to the Arduino Leonardo board. You can download the latest software here:

!Arduino 1.0.5:

bit.ly/arduinoide

Downloading Code

!

bit.ly/deezmakercode !

Put the downloaded folder on your desktop

Arduino Drivers

Mac: Click Red ‘X’ !!Windows XP / 7 / 8: !!!Windows XP / 7 Secondary Option: http://bit.ly/

arduino-windows

Board Type

Serial Port / COM Port

Which COM/Serial Port?Mac: /dev/tty.usbmodemfd131 !

Interchangeable #: !Windows: COM# Device Manager: !Start>Control Panel>System & Security>Device Manager>Ports

What’s a Breadboard?

Circuit 1: Basic Blink

19

Add more LEDs!

Arduino ShieldsLCD Touch RGB LED WiFi

ArduSensors - ‘Mini Shields’

Concepts of Electronics

• Polarity • Power / Voltage and Ground • Analog and Digital • Inputs and Outputs • PWM • Arduino IDE Review • Analog Inputs

Polarity

Polarity is when there are two or more different sides (or leads) of a component that have different qualities that can not be reversed.

! Examples: batteries, LEDs, buttons

Power / Voltage and Ground (GND)

Use only 5V or 3.3V in your projects

Power+

-Circuit

Analog and Digital• All Arduino signals are either Analog or Digital • All computers can only understand Digital • Digital Pins D0 - D13 on Arduino • Special pins that are ADC enabled (analog to

digital converter) we can connect sensors to • Analog Pins A0 - A5 on Arduino

I/O, or Input/Output

Input is any signal entering an electrical system/Arduino. !Output is any signal exiting an electrical system.

OutputOutput is always Digital

!To Output a Digital signal (On or Off) use this code: !digitalWrite (pinNumber, value);

!Where value is HIGH (on) or LOW (off), both in caps

Output

To ‘Fade’ an LED or to output a voltage in-between 0V and 5V, use PWM

!Use this code to output an ‘analog’ signal: analogWrite (pinNumber, value); Where value is a number 0 - 255. (0V to 5V) !PWM is available on Arduino Leonardo digital pins 3, 5, 6, 9, 10, 11, and 13, and marked with a ‘~’.

OutputOutput is always Digital, even when it’s P.W.M.

!For P.W.M. the Arduino pin turns on, then off very fast

!!P.W.M. Signal @ 25% P.W.M. Signal @ 75% P.W.M. Signal rising

Circuit 2:

31

Arduino IDE in Depth

• Parts of the Sketch • setup() • loop() • Comments • Analog Input

Parts of the Sketch

void setup() {}

34

!!

void loop ( ) { } !!

!

!!

!

!!

Example of Comment:

Comments

• Comments are ignored by the compiler/verifier

• Comments can be anywhere • Starts with a // for a one-line comment • Starts with a /* and ends with a */ for a

multiple-line comment • Great ways to remind you what you did, teach

other people what that code means

Analog Input• To connect an analog Input to your Arduino, use

Analog Pins #A0 - A5 !• To get an analog reading, use the code: analogRead(pinNumber); !• Analog Input varies from 0 to 1023 on an Arduino

Circuit 3: Analog Reading

Break

Digital Sensors/Digital Input• Digital Input could be a switch or a button • To connect digital input to your Arduino use Digital

Pins # D0 – D13 • Digital Input needs a pinMode command (in setup): pinMode(pinNumber, INPUT); Make sure to use caps for INPUT • To get a digital reading: digitalRead(pinNumber); • Digital Input values are only HIGH (On) or LOW

(Off)

Digital Sensors/Digital Input• Digital sensors are more straight forward than

Analog !• No matter what the sensor, there are only two

settings: On and Off !• Voltage signal for LOW (off) will be 0V, and HIGH

(on) will be 5V

Parts for Circuit 4:

Arduino Leonardo Breadboard Pushbutton (2) LED (2) Resistor - 10K Ohm (2) Resistor - 330 Ohm (2) Jumper Wires

Circuit 4: Buttons

`

OperatorsThe equals sign

!= is used to assign a value

!== is used to compare values

!&& is “and”

!|| is “or”

Variables

Basic variable types: !

Boolean (on or off) Integer (a number) Character (a letter)

String (a phrase)

Declaring Variables

Boolean: boolean variableName; !

Integer: int variableName; !

Character : char variableName; String: stringName [ ];

Assigning Variables

Boolean: variableName = true; or variableName = false;

Assigning Variables

Boolean: variableName = true; or variableName = false;

Integer: variableName = 32767; or variableName = -32768;

Assigning Variables

Boolean: variableName = true; or variableName = false;

Integer: variableName = 32767; or variableName = -32768;

Character : variableName = ‘A’; or stringName = “Deezmaker”;

Circuit 5: ArduSensor + LED

Setup void setup ( ) {

pinMode (13, OUTPUT); }!

!

!

Inputs & Outputs are declared in setup, this is done by using the

pinMode function This particular example declares digital pin # 13 as

an output, remember to use CAPS

!!

If Statements if ( this is true ) { do this; }

!

!

!!

!!

Basic Repetition !

for (int count = 0; count<10; count++) { //for action code goes here //this could be anything }

Circuit 6: LED Bounce

Circuit 7: Meter

Project Time with more ArduSensors