instructional guide technological systems: creating mechanical toys
Post on 18-Dec-2015
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TRANSCRIPT
During this unit you are going to:
• Design, build, test and make improvements to your designs.
• Explore simple machines and linkage mechanisms. • Design a toy that uses simple machines and linkage mechanisms create movement.
Levers
Class 1 Lever
Effort Fulcrum Load Effort Load Fulcrum
Class 2 Lever
Load Effort Fulcrum
Class 3 Lever
The fulcrum (pivot) is between the effort
and the load.
The load is between the effort and the fulcrum (pivot).
The effort is between the load and the fulcrum (pivot).
Pulleys and Gears
Speed of Driven Gear =
Speed of Driver Gear
x Teeth in Drive GearTeeth in Driver Gear
Speed of Driven Gear = 240 RPM x 12
8= 360 RPM
Mechanisms and Linkages Definitions
Fixed Point - a point that remains stationary, but links can rotate about that point.
Pivot Point - point can move and link can also rotate about the pivot.
Slider - holds links to back and forth movement without rotation.
Sliders
Design Challenge
You are a toy designer who is familiar with the Engineering Design Process. You have been asked to use this process to design, build, and test a safe toy that incorporates simple machines and linkage mechanisms.
Step 1 – Identify a challenge
• What is the design challenge?• What limitations are given?• What are the constraints?
Step 2 – Explore Ideas
• Sketch ideas for the new toy.
• Refine the best idea and label the parts.
√ Identify a challenge
Step 3 – Plan and Develop
√ Identify a challenge
√ Explore Ideas
• Brainstorm ideas for improving the toy.
• List the materials that are needed to make the prototype.
• Build the prototype.
Step 4 – Testing and Evaluating
√ Identify a challenge
√ Explore Ideas
√ Plan and Develop
• Have at least three students test the toy’s operations and record the results.
• Ask the students: Why would this toy be safe or unsafe? What would be fun about playing with the toy? What age child would play with the toy and why?
Step 5 – Presenting the Solution
√ Identify a challenge
√ Explore Ideas
√ Plan and Develop
√ Testing and Evaluating
• Prepare a presentation containing: A sketch of the design with all the parts labeled. The design challenge and design constraints. A discussion on how the design was developed and
tested. Use of the prototype and how it works.
• Answer specific questions.
The feedback from the testers and how your team would redesign.
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