innovation technology in education 5

Innovation Technology

in Education

Mobile learning in Education

By Joyce Udoh

Diffusion and Innovation of Technology in Education

Dr. Timothy Green

EDUC 8841

November, 2014

Introduction to Mobile

Learning

Mobile learning is using interactive

technology in teaching and

learning.

MOBILE LEARNING TECHNOLOGIES

• Tablet

• Smartphones

• Personal Computer

• Laptops

• Projectors

• Smart board

• Apple

• Iphones

• Ipad

• Mac laptops

Web Site Applications

Location-Based uses GPS capabilities

of mobile devices

Use a check-in app like Foursquare

can be game-based, like ARIS:

arisgames.org

Using raz-kids.com for k-5+ is an

interactive reading tool for students to

practice.

Need

Improve teaching and learning

experience for effective performance

in the students academic work.

To support classroom activities

To motive and engage the students

with school-based curriculum even at

the convince of their home.

The need for the teacher to monitor

the students homework activities.

RESEARCH • Terras and Ramsay conducted a study on

the “Central psychological challenges

facing effective mobile learning” (Terras &

Ramsay, 2012).

• Doyle et al, (2013) conducted a study on

the effective use of mobile technology in

nursing institution.

• Göksu, I & Atici . B, (2013). Need for

mobile learning: Technologies and

Opportunities, Procedia - Social and

Behavioral Sciences, 103(26) 685-694,

ISSN 1877-0428,

http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2013.10.3

88.

• Keegan, D. (2005). The incorporation of

mobile learning into mainstream education

and training in mlearn2005

Development What problems were encountered in the development process for your innovation? Who was

the intended audience for your innovation?

The Problems:

the context-dependent nature of memory,

cognitive resources are finite

meta-cognition is essential

individual differences matter.

The intended audience:

the teachers and

students.

Commercialization

Describe the production, manufacturing, packaging, marketing, and

distribution of your innovation.

Mobile learning comprises of different learning web

applications to facilitate learning experiences, such as Google

suites, blackboard, ixl, raz-kids, QR codes.

For instance Google suites;

It is a free web application to assist teachers and students

worldwide in learning.

TIMELINE OF

COMMUNICATION

Innovation Decision Process

Rogers (2003), presented 5 stages of the

innovation-decision process.

stage1: Knowledge

Stage 2: Persuasion

Stage 3: Decision

Stage 4: Implementation

Stage 5: Confirmation

Knowledge

Research has shown

that having a good background on usage of mobile devices

understanding of students' mobile practices encourages the school to implement more student-centered support and services.

Prior knowledge

Current assessment of teachers and students

Need and solution

Learning devices, uses and storing them

Creating lesson plan

Educators began to learn about the product as it was shown to the masses.

Persuasion

Personal ◦ Mobile technologies are playing an

increasingly important role in college students' academic lives (Chen and Danyelle, 2013).

◦ Teachers and students, now bring their bring their own digital devices to college.

Communication ◦ Mobile technologies will improve

interaction between instructors, teachers and students.

Relative Advantage

◦ Active engaging students through communication

Compatibility

◦ Standard device and software that can be maintained

Complexity

◦ Mobile learning goes to the possibility of adoption. Monitoring skill

in needed

Triability

◦ Opportunities should be available for teachers to learn before

implementing it in their classroom

Observability

◦ School board, stakeholders and other teachers

◦ should observed the mobile learning .

Implementation

Adoption

◦ Selection of teachers to give

opportunity to use mobile learning

◦ Mobile technologies focuses on the

interactions among technologies,

contents, and pedagogies.

◦ These teachers will use projectors,

computer and camera in the classroom

◦ Successful, these teachers will help

others to adopt.

Rejection

◦ If the teachers are not comfortable with

the implementation of mobile learning

technologies, opportunity to opt out

will be provide.

◦ They will continue the training session

until they are comfortable to these

technology tools.

Implement

Confirmation

Technical support and professional development training will

be continually provided for these teachers using mobile

learning.

Regardless of the cost of hardware, it is necessary to over-

haul data-sharing and delivery the lesson plan to be

assessable both online and offline.

Communication Channels

Mass Media

◦ Radio

◦ Television

◦ Newspaper

◦ Text messages

Interpersonal communication

◦ Face-2-face activity: Chatting

Discussion

Meetings

Interactive communication

◦ Using of internet: Email

Viber

Skype

email

ADOPTERS CATEGORIES

AND THE S-CURVE

WHAT IS A S-CURVE• S-curve is a graphical representation showing the rate of adoption of a new

innovation.

• Innovative time is initiated and it is very slow.

• Growing time is the adoption stage of mobile learning, it is very fast.

• Maturity is slow and moderate.

S- Curve of the Adopters

Chen & Denoyelles (2013) indicate that learners need more access to academic-friendly devices, such

as tablets, and additional support to integrate mobile technologies for learning.

PERCEIVED ATTRIBUTES OF

INNOVATION

Mobile learning

Change Agents

Instructional Design Technologist

Teachers

School Administrators

Students

Parents

Stakeholders

Key Change Agents

Innovators include students and

technology instructors.

Early adopters include students and

teachers who are familiar with some of

the technology and are interested to

adopt this new technology.

strategies

Well planned professional development training on mobile learning technology

Interactive triability session for early adopters

Designed posttest and pretest task for the early adopters to complete. This will provide feedback of the sessions.

It is important to recognize the teachers and students for their accomplishment to the school.

Key Laggards

Teachers without technological

knowledge

School Administrators, without

technological knowledge will not

understand the benefits

Students from low- economic back

that is not expose to technology.

Laggards improvement Strategies

Provide professional development

training at their level

◦ create awareness through making video

of mobile technology at work and success

in implementing it in classroom.

◦ Presenting it to the school administrators

◦ Getting stakeholders involve in rising fund

to buy mobile technological tools of

schools.

Seven Roles of a Change Agents

◦ 1. Develops need for change

◦ Introduce the mobile learning concept

◦ Checks for relative advantage from the past to the present

◦ Using the students assessment

2. To establish an information exchange relationship◦ Getting information and exchanging between

teachers and community

◦ Connection to school boards, stakeholders and teachers

3. To diagnose problems

◦ To diagnose the school problem in adopting

the innovation using standardize testing.

◦ Identify and make changes both in school,

technology, instructional plan and

methodology.

4. to create an intent to change in the

client

◦ Use and explain BYOT

◦ Introduction of mobile learning

◦ Motivate the interest of the students,

teachers and stakeholders

5. To translate and intent into action◦ Explain the innovation process to the change agents.

◦ Display the effectiveness and the achievement of using mobile learning through the encouraging interpersonal communication.

6. To stabilize adoption and prevent discontinuance◦ Continuing the training sessions

◦ Create groups

◦ Build technical support units

◦ Provide storage facilities and technologies to enhance smooth training

◦ Use strategies to support the late adopters during implementation stage.

7. Achieving a lasting Relationship

Develop a self-renewing behavior

(Rogers, 2003,p. 370).

◦ Assuring the school boards, stakeholders.

Teachers and students that mobile learning

can be maintained and continued in the

schools.

◦ To increase the students achievement and

engagement in the classroom activities.

CRITICAL MASS AND

CHANGE AGENTS

Decentralizing Approach

The strategies employ will be

◦ Low cost effective

◦ Using a BYOT policy (Bring Your Own

Technology)

◦ Involving people and resources that is

available

Critical Mass

Critical mass shows when the

innovators adopt an innovation “such

that the innovation’s further rate of

adoption becomes self-sustaining”

(Rogers, 2003, p. 343).

When the key change agents are

using this mobile learning and sharing

it with their others, the growth of the

adopting it is self sustaining.

Organizational Concept

Champion

These will be:

◦ instructors

◦ Technological coordinators

The need for the innovation

◦ Improve learning experiences

◦ Students ability to learn better

◦ Teaching effectiveness

Champion

Determine and note the right

classrooms, timelines to begin

implementing the mobile learning

Taking note the following:

◦ Language difference

◦ Learning ability and style

◦ Knowledge base

◦ Using the right mobile tools

Support Needed

Mobile Learning Focus on the students strength and weakness

To show that learning is meaningful

To show that learning is accessible to all

Learning can occur outside the classroom

It is time for eLearning!