impact of transit signal priority on bus service performance10 min. headway limitation for tsp...

University of Minnesota University of Minnesota

Impact of Transit Signal Priority on Bus Service Performance

Chen-Fu Liao Minnesota Traffic Observatory

Department of Civil Engineering

22nd Annual Transportation Research Conference May 24-25, 2011, St. Paul, MN

University of Minnesota University of Minnesota

Acknowledgement

•  RITA, USDOT •  ITS Institute and CTS, UMN •  Metro Transit •  City of Minneapolis •  Nigel Wilson, Depart. of Civil and

Environmental Engineering, MIT •  Minnesota Traffic Observatory (MTO), Dept. of

Civil Engineering, UMN

University of Minnesota University of Minnesota

Outline

v  Objectives v  Background v  Route 10 (Central Avenue) case study v  UPA TSP implementation v  Impact of TSP on bus performance v  Concluding remarks

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Objectives

v  Various transit strategies to improve service q  TSP q  Fare payment type q  Stop consolidation q  BRT and others

v  Understand the impact of each strategy v  Tool to support transit scheduling, planning

and operation

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AVL Data

Bus Travel Time

Measures Applications

Running Time

Dwell Time at Stop

Delay at Signal

Transfer Activity

Database Model

Arrival Time Prediction

Ridership Analysis

Visualization

Arterial Traffic Data

Environmental Factors (Accidents, Incidents, Weather, etc.)

Anomaly Detection

TSP Deployment Suggestions

Schedule Adjustments

Real Time Service Management

Schedule Data

APC Data

GoTo Card

Transit Database

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Transit Performance Analysis Framework

Liao, C.-F. & Liu, H.X. (2010) "Development of a Data Processing Framework for Transit Performance Analysis", Transportation Research Record, Journal of the Transportation Research Board, No.2143, pp. 34-43.

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Transit Performance Analyst

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Performance Analysis & Modeling

Analysis v  TP time & on-time performance analysis v  Link travel time, speed analysis v  Route time-space diagram

Modeling v  TP based node model v  Inter-TP link travel time model v  Route model v  Model verification and validation

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Local vs. Limited Service

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For example …

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Bus Delay and Travel Speed

Other Delays 3%

Data Source: NYC MTA and FTA National Transit Database, 2008

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Average Bus Speed in Select American Cities

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What is TSP?

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“A tool to help make transit service more reliable, faster, and more cost effective. It has little impact on general traffic and is an inexpensive way to make transit more competitive with the automobile.”

- ITS America TSP planning and implementation handbook

“ Transit signal priority systems use sensors to detect approaching transit vehicles and alter signal timings to improve transit performance. ”

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Central Avenue (RTE 10) A component of Minneapolis Urban Partnership Agreement (UPA)

UPA TSP

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TSP Intersection

Bus Stops

Bus Route #10

2nd St SE – 53rd Ave v  5.5 miles v  27 TSP Intersections v  40 Bus Stops v  10-20 min headway v  Mean TT ~25 min

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Description of Changes Related to Route 10! Signals! Service!Signals changed from pre-timed to semi-actuated in Minneapolis. (between 2nd and 27th )! 7/1/2009!

Traffic signal timings implemented in Minneapolis (for general traffic)! 10/1/2009!Traffic signal timings implemented by Mn/DOT and Ramsey County (for general traffic)! 12/1/2009!

TSP Signal Timing Parameters installed on all signals! 12/1/2009!Running time reduction of about 2 minutes on all trips and service types along corridor. Weekday peak route 10 adjusted to coordinate with NorthStar commuter rail schedule.!

12/12/2009!

Initial date when TSP was active for Route 10 (and at Roseville intersections)! 1/1/2010!

10 min. headway limitation for TSP activation in Minneapolis. (2nd St. to 37th Ave.)! 2/25/2010!

Nicollet Mall changed to two-block spacing. Rerouted past Convention Center. Route 829 renumbered to 59. Beginning of 10/59 coordination - 8 trips added to 59!

3/20/2010!

Peak 10 and 59 schedules coordinated - 6 Rte 10 trips converted to Rte 59! 5/15/2010!Change to 5 min. late threshold for all signals! 6/1/2010!Running time increased downtown and beyond 53rd. 3 School trips added to the weekday 10! 9/11/2010!

Change to 3 min late & 8-min headway threshold for all signals! 11/26/2010!

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Schedule Adjustment ! 0

Schedule Adjustment ! 0

Four separate months of Transit Data

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Average TSP Call Durations by Intersection ID (Oct. 2010 EMTRAC data)

Average TSP Call Duration

53rd Ave Spring St

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Average Link Travel Time

Link Travel Comparisons (AVL/APC vs. EMTRAC) – Oct. 2010

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NB Schedule Adherence

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SB Schedule Adherence

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TSP Improvement

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TSP Impact (con’t)

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Concluding Remarks

v  Service quality and reliability improvements q  Fare payment type q  Low floor, BRT q  Connectivity

v  TSP impact on travel time & schedule adherence

v  TSP impact on side street v  Transit performance analyst tool v  Support scheduling & planning

University of Minnesota

Thank You!

Bus Arrival Info.

TSP Chen-Fu Liao, cliao@umn.edu 612-626-1697