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MDI Workshop at IAS Conference, January 2020 HKUST, Hong Kong

On behalf of the ILD Collaboration

(Selected) MDI Issues of

IJCLab IJC=Irène Joliot-Curie

Roman Pöschl

Most of the material shown today has been taken from ILD IDR (in preparation)

2IAS – MDI Workshop – Jan. 2020

IJCLab The ILC Project

• CM-Energy: 100 - 1000 GeV, 500 GeV baseline in TDR Superconducting cavities• Electron (and positron) polarisation• TDR in 2013 + DBD for detectors• “Rebaselining” in 2017, starting energy is 250 GeV • ILC benefits from construction of European XFEL

• first light on May 3rd 2017

the TDR baseline design

• Towards the ILC?• Strong efforts in Japan to host project • Since 2013: LC went through a detailed review process in Japan

• March 2019: Japanese Government expresses it's interest in the project

• Before and after establishment of contacts at political level (mainly US, France, Germany)

• SCJ will publish Master Plan in Jan.2020• MEXT intervention at ICFA/LCB Meeting in Feb. 2020

3IAS – MDI Workshop – Jan. 2020

IJCLab ILC Physics Program

mZ

ee->ZH

tt-threshold

top-continuum

tth-threshold 1 TeV2xmW

All Standard Model particles within reach of planned e+e- colliders

High precision tests of Standard Model over wide range to detect onset of New Physics

Machine settings can be “tailored” for specific processes• Centre-of-Mass energy• Beam polarisation (straightforward at linear colliders)

Background free searches for BSM through beam polarisation

New Physics

L/1034 cm-2s-1

0.6 0.7 1.0 1.8 3.8

4IAS – MDI Workshop – Jan. 2020

IJCLab Detector Requirements

Track momentum: σ1/p < 5 x 10-5/GeV (1/10 x LEP) ( e.g. Measurement of Z boson mass in Higgs Recoil) Impact parameter: σd0 < [5 ⊕ 10/(p[GeV]sin3/2θ)] μm (1/3 x SLD) (Quark tagging c/b) Jet energy resolution : dE/E = 0.3/(E(GeV))1/2 (1/2 x LEP) (W/Z masses with jets) Hermeticity : θmin = 5 mrad (for events with missing energy e.g. SUSY)

Final state will comprise eventswith a large number of chargedtracks and jets(6+)

• High granularity• Excellent momentum measurement• High separation power for particles

Particle Flow Detectors

5IAS – MDI Workshop – Jan. 2020

IJCLab ILC @ Kitakami

● Candidate site is in North-East Japan● Kitakami ● Iwate and Miyagi Prefectures

● Mountainous region

● Striking advantage ● ILC can be built in a solid granit rock

of about 50km in length ● Little displacement “in one piece” during

Big Eastern Japanese Earthquake in 2011

6IAS – MDI Workshop – Jan. 2020

IJCLab ILC250 – Dimenions and (main) parameters

Main change for new baseline: ● Smaller horizontal emittance: 10 μm -> 5 μm

● => Higher instantaneous luminosity: 0.82 -> 1.35 x 1034 cm-2 s-1

● and higher beamstrahlung: δBS

= 2.62%

Details of beam parameters after rebaselining see backup

7IAS – MDI Workshop – Jan. 2020

IJCLab ILC – Two detectors – Push Pull

● ILC will have one Beam Deliver System● Two detectors ILD and SiD will share the interaction point● Push Pull operation

Total weight15500 t

8IAS – MDI Workshop – Jan. 2020

IJCLab Push Pull and site related infrastructure

9IAS – MDI Workshop – Jan. 2020

IJCLab The ILD Detector

● Relevant for MDI: B-Field of 3.5-4 T and integrated dipole QD0● Integrated dipole moves with detector ● More details in following slides

10IAS – MDI Workshop – Jan. 2020

IJCLab Experimental conditions for ILD

● Instantaneous Luminosity: 1.35 x 1034 cm-2 s-1● Longitudinal polarisation of electron (80%) and positron (30%) beams● Moderate losses from beamstrahlung δ

BS = 2.62%

● Pulsed beam structure with pulse length of ~1ms and repetition rate of 5-10 Hz (more?)● Beam crossing angle of 14mrad at interaction point

Luminosity spectrum @ 250 GeV Luminosity spectrum @ 500 GeV

11IAS – MDI Workshop – Jan. 2020

IJCLab “Large” and “Small” ILD Detector

Different outer TPC radii – Different magnetic field values

12IAS – MDI Workshop – Jan. 2020

IJCLab Interplay of Machine and Detector

13IAS – MDI Workshop – Jan. 2020

IJCLab From machine to detector – The “last step”

● Beams collide under 14mrad crossing angle ● Focusing into the interaction region with final doublet QD0 and QF1

● QD0 is part of detector (ILD) and QF1 is part of the machine● See more details on final focus magnets in talk by B. Parker

14IAS – MDI Workshop – Jan. 2020

IJCLab Modification of forward region

Design of ILD forward region until 2015

● Different focal length L* for ILD (4.4m) and SiD (3.5m)● Machine request for a uniform L* ● Had to save 30cm in ILD● Main option vacuum pump

15IAS – MDI Workshop – Jan. 2020

IJCLab Study of development of vacuum

UNDER STATIC CONDITION QD0 + IP region

IP

Pumps 2*15 l/s

Valves dn40

Valve dn100QD0

Pumps 120 l/S

T=293K T=293KT=10K

Without outgassing valves dn40

Without baking

T=293K

τ (H2) ≈ 5.10-12 mbar.l.s-1.cm-2

τ (CO) ≈ 1.10-13 mbar.l.s-1.cm-2

τ (H2O) ≈ 2.10-11 mbar.l.s-1.cm-2

τ (CO2) ≈ 1.10-13 mbar.l.s-1.cm-2

T=10K

τ (all gases) ≈ 0 mbar.l.s-1.cm-2

σ (sticking coeff CO, CO2, H2O) = 1

For H2 pumping by holes in beam screen 2% surface

Distance (cm)

Pre

ssio

n (

mb

ar)

Comparison of a Monté-Carlo simulation and analytical simulation for H2O

Simulation Monté-Carlo(Molflow)

After 100h pumping

Comparison ofanalytical calculationand simulationfor validation purposes

16IAS – MDI Workshop – Jan. 2020

IJCLab Vaccum in IP region for different configurations

DP0 + IP Pumps IP 120 l/s Without baking 5,6 nTorr H2O initial

DP0 + IP No pumps IP Without baking 120 nTorr H2O DP0 and IP volumenot separated / Lengthreduction

DP0 + IP Neg coating Baking IP 0,23 nTorr H2/H2O

Length reduction

DP0 + IP Neg satured Baking IP 1,4 nTorr H2O /H2

Length reduction

● Without pump vacuum in IP region around ~20 times worse than with pump● Excellent vacuum could be recovered with NEG coating ● ... at the expense of the need for baking of the beam pipe to activate the NEG

~100h at 180o C

17IAS – MDI Workshop – Jan. 2020

IJCLab Which vacuum can be tolerated?

● Beam gas background much smaller than pair induced background● May live with relatively relaxed vacuum conditions

● Note, so far only static vacuum has been considered. ● What about dynamic vacuum? (Typically not an issue for LC dixit expert)

18IAS – MDI Workshop – Jan. 2020

IJCLab Current design of ILD Forward Region

= 4.1m

19IAS – MDI Workshop – Jan. 2020

IJCLab ILD Magnet

Solenoid with anti-DID

● Solenoidal field of up to 4.5 T● Detector Integrated Dipole to control

Beam background

ILD Magnet Yoke

● Shield the environment from the ILD B-Field● Convention: Stray field has to be as small as 50 Gauss at

● 15m off-axis ● Will allow to use iron tooling for detector in garage position

● See SLAC-PUB-13657

20IAS – MDI Workshop – Jan. 2020

IJCLab ILD Magnet – Field Maps I

Example 4 T Field along z-axis in ILD Large model

4 T

21IAS – MDI Workshop – Jan. 2020

IJCLab ILD Magnet – Field Maps II

ILD Large Model - ILD stray field if magnet operated at 4 T

● Stray field meets requirements ● Story over?

● Iron yoke is cost driver● Reducing the amount of iron?

6 mT

22IAS – MDI Workshop – Jan. 2020

IJCLab ILD Magnet – Thinner Yoke?

60cm iron off

● Cost reduction of about 20%● Stray field at 15m 9.3mT

Reduction to ~2m thickness

● Cost reduction of about 50%● Field ~100mT at 1m ● Requires shielding wall that has to

move with detector● Radiation safety?

23IAS – MDI Workshop – Jan. 2020

IJCLab Anti-DiD and Beam background

0.036 T

Anti-DiD Field

Detailed simulation:Beam background in ILD BeamCal from e+e- pairs provoked by beamstrahlung

w/o anti-DID w/ anti-DID

● Hit spectrum more symmetric with anti-DID● (difficult to see)● ~30% Less energy deposit with anti-DID● More details on beam background, see talk by D. Jeans

24IAS – MDI Workshop – Jan. 2020

IJCLab Power pulsing

Mastering of technology is essential for operation of ILC detectors

● Electronics switched on during > ~1ms of ILC bunch train and data acquisition ● Bias currents shut down between bunch trains

N.B. Final numbers may vary

25IAS – MDI Workshop – Jan. 2020

IJCLab CALICE beam test 2018 - Systematic study of power pulsing

Pedestal variation Variation of MIP response

● Small pedestal variation● About 0.6% of a MIP

● Around 3.4% smaller response to MIP● However, stable MIP response observed● Effect understood and can be corrected for

Analogue hadron calorimeter:Parameters for power pulsing 20-50 Hz repetition rate, 15ms acquisition window, switch on time 150 μs

Work in progress Work in progress

26IAS – MDI Workshop – Jan. 2020

IJCLab ILD - (Estimated) Power consumption

Repartition of underground power consumptionPower consumption

On surface:

Computer Farm – 1000 kWHe Compressors - 800 kWHVAC - 600 kWAir Compressors - 50 kWTotal: 2450 kW

Underground:

Total: 982 kW

Full breakdown of estimated power consumption – See backup

27IAS – MDI Workshop – Jan. 2020

IJCLab Power supply – Example SiEcal

Zoom into ILD Ecal barrel

● Total average power consumption20 kW for a calorimeter system with 108 cells*● Only possible through PP

● The art is to store the power very locally

● Issue for upcoming R&D

*Compare with 140 kW for CMS HGCAL FEE 6x106 cells

.

.

.

PowerSource~52 V

Slab column15x600mA, 36 W

DCDCConverter12V/4VIn SiECAL Hub 2

SiECALPatch panelCurrent ~25A

Power cable trailer <-> SiECAL Patch panel

DCDCConverter48V/12VIn SiECAL Hub 1

SiEcal Hub1

SiEcal Hub1Serves one barrel module

x5

28IAS – MDI Workshop – Jan. 2020

IJCLab Cabling scheme

29IAS – MDI Workshop – Jan. 2020

IJCLab Summary and conclusion

● ILD gets ready for ILC approval

● MDI issues play a central role in the concept of ILD● Push pull scheme of ILD detectors is design challenge

● Change of L* triggered redesign of ILD forward region● Removal of vacuum pump

● Interplay between ILD Magnets and beam are under constant scrutiny ● Careful analyses of e.g. stray field to understand impact on second detector in garage position● Magnet return yoke is cost factor, study on material reduction ongoing ● Study of background levels (more in talk by Daniel Jeans)

● Study of services for IDR● Estimation of power needs● Example for SiEcal given today● Power pulsing is key design element for all ILD sub-detectors

● System aspects will be central to future detector R&D● Further aspects are services in terms of gas and cooling water

Backup

31IAS – MDI Workshop – Jan. 2020

IJCLab Modification of forward region

UNDER STATIC CONDITION QD0 + IPregion

IP

Pumps 2*15 l/s

Valves dn40

Valve dn100QD0

Pumps 120 l/S

T=293K T=293KT=10K

Without outgassing valves dn40

Without baking

T=293Kτ (H2) ≈ 5.10-12 mbar.l.s-1.cm-2

τ (CO) ≈ 1.10-13 mbar.l.s-1.cm-2

τ (H2O) ≈ 2.10-11 mbar.l.s-1.cm-2

τ (CO2) ≈ 1.10-13 mbar.l.s-1.cm-2

T=10K

τ (all gases) ≈ 0 mbar.l.s-1.cm-2

σ (sticking coeff CO, CO2, H2O) = 1

For H2 pumping by holes in beamscreen 2% surface

Distance (cm)

Pre

ssio

n (

mb

ar)

ΣP = 7,5 10-9 mbar ~ 5,6 nTorr

32IAS – MDI Workshop – Jan. 2020

IJCLab ILC Parameters

33IAS – MDI Workshop – Jan. 2020

IJCLab Modification of forward region

IP

Pumps 2*15 l/s forall gases

Valves dn40

Valve dn100

QD0Pumps 120 l/s for all gases

VACUUM DISTRIBUTION ON ILD

UNDER STATIC CONDITION QD0 + IP region

H2O

CO2

CO

H2

T=293K T=293KT=10K with bakingT=293K

Between valves dn40 and dn100

τ (H2) ≈ 2.10-13 mbar.l.s-1.cm-2

τ (CO) ≈ 2.10-15 mbar.l.s-1.cm-2

τ (H2O) ≈ 0 mbar.l.s-1.cm-2

τ (CO2) ≈ 5.10-16 mbar.l.s-1.cm-2

IP region

Alu or Cu or SS after 100h pumping

Without baking

T=293K τ (H2) ≈ 5.10-12 mbar.l.s-1.cm-2

τ (CO) ≈ 1.10-13 mbar.l.s-1.cm-2

τ (H2O) ≈ 2.10-11 mbar.l.s-1.cm-2

τ (CO2) ≈ 1.10-13 mbar.l.s-1.cm-2

T=10K

NEG coating

τ (all gases) ≈ 0 mbar.l.s-1.cm-2

σ (sticking coeff CO, CO2, H2O) = 1

For H2 pumping by holes in beam screen 2%surface

L=30 cm Ø = 179 mm

sticking coeff σ( CO;CO2)=0,1σ(H2)=0,0005σ(H2O)=0,0005 ??

ΣP = 3 10-10 mbar ~ 0,23 nTorr

Pre

ssio

n (

mb

ar)

Distance (cm)

34IAS – MDI Workshop – Jan. 2020

IJCLab Modification of forward region

IP

Pumps 2*15 l/sfor all gases

Valves dn40

Valve dn100QD0

Pumps 120 l/s for allgases

VACUUM DISTRIBUTION ON ILD

UNDER STATIC CONDITION QD0 + IP region

H2O

CO2

CO

H2

T=293K T=293KT=10K with bakingT=293K

Between valves dn40 and dn100

IP region

Alu or Cu or SS after 100h pumping

Without baking

NEG coating saturedL=30 cm Ø = 179 mm

sticking coeff σ( CO;CO2)=0σ(H2)=0σ(H2O)=0

ΣP = 1,8 10-9 mbar ~1,4 nTorr

Pre

ssio

n (

mb

ar)

Distance (cm)

τ (H2) ≈ 2.10-13 mbar.l.s-1.cm-2

τ (CO) ≈ 2.10-15 mbar.l.s-1.cm-2

τ (H2O) ≈ 0 mbar.l.s-1.cm-2

τ (CO2) ≈ 5.10-16 mbar.l.s-1.cm-2

T=293K τ (H2) ≈ 5.10-12 mbar.l.s-1.cm-2

τ (CO) ≈ 1.10-13 mbar.l.s-1.cm-2

τ (H2O) ≈ 2.10-11 mbar.l.s-1.cm-2

τ (CO2) ≈ 1.10-13 mbar.l.s-1.cm-2

T=10Kσ (sticking coeff CO, CO2, H2O) = 1

For H2 pumping by holes in beam screen 2%surface

35IAS – MDI Workshop – Jan. 2020

IJCLab ILD – Breakdown of power consumption

.

.

.

PowerSource~52 V

Slab column15x600mA, 36 W

DCDCConverter12V/4VIn SiECAL Hub 2

SiECALPatch panelCurrent ~25A

Power cable trailer <-> SiECAL Patch panel

DCDCConverter48V/12VIn SiECAL Hub 1

SiEcal Hub1

SiEcal Hub1Serves one barrel module

x5