human reproduction - weebly · human reproduction: • fertile period in the menstrual cycle •...

Human Reproduction Anatomy

Junior Science

Lesson Objectives

• Use illustrative diagrams to identify and locate the main parts of the male and female reproductive systems

gegs tusure estest merps

pinalfoal bute snepi

motrucs sevario gaivan

smerp dctu

You will see scrambled words which are parts of the human reproductive system.

7B Human reproduction - Female or male?

Unscramble them and decide if they are female or male?

Quick Quiz!!!!

Male Reproductive System

Bladder

Urethra

Penis

Testicle

Sperm Duct

Urethra

Prostate Gland

Seminal Vesicle

Male Reproductive System

• Testis – Make Sperm

• Scrotum – Holds the testis outside the body at a temperature of 34oC.

• Sperm Duct – carry sperm from the testis to the penis.

• Seminal Glands – add seminal fluid to help the movement of the sperm

• Penis – allows semen to pass from the male to the female

The Production of Sperm

• Sperm the male gametes are produced in the testes. • Several hundred million are produced per day. • Mature sperm are stored in the top of the testis (epididymis). • Secretions are added to sperm in sperm duct • Semen is a mixture of sperm, hormones, sugars, water.

Female Reproductive System

• The female reproduction system produces the female gamete (egg).

• It protects the developing embryo / foetus

The Female Anatomy

• The Ovaries are involved in egg production

• The Uterus supports embryo development

• The Cervix forms the entry into the Uterus

• The Vagina receives sperm during intercourse

The smallest cell in the human body is the sperm cell; it is 85 000 times

smaller than the egg cell.

The Human Gametes

The largest cell in the human body is the ovum or egg cell at

one millimeter in diameter.

Human Reproduction Sexual Intercourse and Fertilisation

Junior Science

Lesson Objectives • Understand the following in relation to

human reproduction: • fertile period in the menstrual cycle

• sexual intercourse

• fertilisation is the fusion between male and female gametes (sperm and egg) resulting in a zygote; a zygote undergoes cell division and develops within the womb into a foetus

• pregnancy and birth

• growth and puberty

The Menstrual Cycle

The Menstrual Cycle

• A 28 day cycle in the female.

• It is controlled by chemicals called hormones (estrogen and progesterone)

• An egg is produced, and the womb develops a thick lining of blood vessels preparing for implantation and pregnancy

• If the egg is not fertilised it dissolves, the lining of the womb is shed – menstruation – and the cycle begins again.

The Fertile period

in the menstrual cycle

The egg is, usually, released

around Day 14 of a 28 day cycle

Fertilisation is possible for several

days before and after this time.

Stages in the menstrual cycle - Review

28 day cycle

Approx. days

1 - 5 Menstruation – loss of uterus

lining and unfertilised egg

5 - 13 Repair of uterus lining

14 Release of egg from ovary

14 - 28 Build up of lining of uterus

Sexual Intercourse

The natural process of transferring the sperm from the body of a male to the body of a female.

100 Million sperm are transferred in a fluid called semen…they immediately begin swimming towards the egg cell.

If no egg is present they die within three days.

link to ‘how stuff works’

animation

Fertilisation

• Occurs when a male gamete (sperm) fuses with the female gamete (egg) to form a zygote

• Also referred to as conception

Sperm + egg = zygote

Fertilisation • Fertilisation usually happens in the fallopian tube • A fertilised egg – zygote – undergoes cell division to

form the embryo and moves down into the uterus.

• Implantation is the attachment of the embryo to the lining of the uterus.

Fertilisation • Fertilisation usually happens in the fallopian tube • A fertilised egg – zygote – undergoes cell division to

form the embryo and moves down into the uterus.

• Implantation is the attachment of the embryo to the lining of the uterus.

Pregnancy

• The fertilised embryo attaches to the wall of the uterus develops within the womb into a Foetus.

• The foetus becomes surrounded by a membrane called Amnion, which fills with a fluid.

• The foetus develops inside this protective sac filled with Amniotic Fluid

• It receives food and oxygen via a blood supply in the Placenta.

The Placenta

The Umbilical cord attached to the baby’s navel is connected to the placenta.

The Placenta allows food

and oxygen to pass from the mother’s blood to the baby’s blood, and waste

products (CO2, salts, urea) to leave the baby’s blood.

Birth After about 40 weeks, when the

baby is fully developed, the following happens:

1. The sac of protective fluid

breaks open 2. The muscles of the uterus /

womb contract very strongly to push the baby out

3. After the baby is born, the placenta is also pushed out of the womb

4. The umbilical cord between baby and placenta is cut