how to conduct a literature review - obs/gyn residents
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Robin Featherstone, MLISLiaison Librarian (Medicine)Life Sciences LibrarySlides: http://www.slideshare.net/featherr
How to conduct a lit review: Obs/Gyn Residents 2012
How to conduct a lit review: Obs/Gyn Residents 2012
One thing you knowOne thing you know
One thing you want to knowOne thing you want to know
ObjectivesObjectives
By the end of this session, you will know: 1.How to construct a explicit, comprehensive, reproducible search in PubMed2.How to start a RefWorks account for organizing your references
Where to begin?Where to begin?
At least I’m not responsible for a lit review
At least I’m not responsible for a lit review
Develop a Research Question
Why do you need one?Why do you need one?
You’re writing a research paper on intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) for treating recurrent miscarriage
Think of a research question related to this topic...
ScenarioScenario
Relevancy
Retrieval(# of search results)
Broad Questions
Narrow Questions
High = lots of articles
Low = very few articles
High = directly relevant articles
Low = mostly irrelevant articles
How questions influence search resultsHow questions influence search results
Broad:• What causes recurrent miscarriage? What are current
treatments for recurrent miscarriage?
Narrow:• For women with unexplained recurrent miscarriage, does IVIG
increase the live birth rate?
Very Narrow:• For African Canadian women above the age of 35 with
unexplained recurrent miscarriage, does IVIG increase the live birth rate compared with antibiotic prophylaxis?
Possible QuestionsPossible Questions
Narrow:• For women with unexplained recurrent miscarriage, does IVIG
increase the live birth rate?
What kind of question is this?What kind of question is this?
Background questions
Novice Expert
Foregroundquestions
Decide where to searchDecide where to search
Before you start searching…Before you start searching…
Slow down before you speed up
A quick demo…
… of why you need a strategy…
… and why you should always check Search Details
Break your question into concepts
For women with unexplained recurrent miscarriage, does IVIG increase the live birth rate?
For women with unexplained recurrent miscarriage, does IVIG increase the live birth rate?
Find the subject headings for your concepts
For women with unexplained recurrent miscarriage, does IVIG increase the live birth rate?
What is MeSH?
Find MeSH Using a Target ArticleFind MeSH Using a Target Article
1. Hum Reprod Update. 1999 Sep-Oct;5(5):475-82.
Critical analysis of intravenous immunoglobulin therapy for recurrentmiscarriage.
Daya S, Gunby J, Porter F, Scott J, Clark DA.
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. dayas@fhs.csu.mcmaster.ca
PMID: 10582784 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Find the subject headings for your concepts
For women with unexplained recurrent miscarriage, does IVIG increase the live birth rate?
Concept MeSH
recurrent miscarriage Abortion, Habitual
IVIG Immunoglobulins, Intravenous
live birth rate Pregnancy Rate ✖Pregnancy Outcome ✔
Abortion, HabitualAbortion, Habitual
Pregnancy OutcomePregnancy Outcome
Immunoglobulins, intravenous
Immunoglobulins, intravenous
Abortions, habitual
Immunoglobulins, intravenous
Abortions, habitual OR Immunoglobulins, intravenous
Abortions, habitual
Immunoglobulins, intravenous
Abortions, habitual AND Immunoglobulins, intravenous
Abortions, habitual
Abortions, habitual
Pregnancy OutcomePregnancy Outcome
Immunoglobulins, intravenous
Immunoglobulins, intravenous
How do you combine these three concepts to answer the question: For women with unexplained recurrent miscarriage, does IVIG increase the live birth rate?
Abortions, habitual AND Immunoglobulins, intravenous AND Pregnancy Outcome
Abortions, habitual
Abortions, habitual
Pregnancy OutcomePregnancy Outcome
Immunoglobulins, intravenous
What if I combined with OR?
Abortions, habitual OR Immunoglobulins, intravenous OR Pregnancy Outcome
AND AND
MeSHAbortions, habitual Immunoglobulins,
intravenous Pregnancy Outcome
Concept #1 Concept #2 Concept #3
Search strategy: For women with unexplained recurrent miscarriage, does IVIG increase the
live birth rate?
Why? Because you want to:1.Include citations for new publications that don’t have subject headings2.Include relevant citations that may have different subject headings3.Create a search strategy you can use in other databases/search engines
• text words are universally accepted• MeSH only works in PubMed
Next: Identify Text WordsNext: Identify Text Words
Concept #1 Concept #2 Concept #3
MeSH
TextWords
Search StrategySearch Strategy
AND AND
ORAbortion, Habitual Immunoglobulins,
Intravenous Pregnancy Outcome
ORhabitual abortion intravenous
immunoglobulinspregnancy outcome
ORrecurrent miscarriage IVIG live birth
ORrecurrent abortion still birth
Abortions, habitual
Immunoglobulins, intravenous
Abortions, habitual OR Immunoglobulins, intravenous
✗
habitual abortion OR recurrent miscarriage OR recurrent abortion
habitual abortionhabitual abortion
recurrent abortionrecurrent abortion
recurrent miscarriage✓
Concept #1 Concept #2 Concept #3
MeSH
TextWords
Search StrategySearch Strategy
AND AND
ORAbortion, Habitual Immunoglobulins,
Intravenous Pregnancy Outcome
ORhabitual abortion intravenous
immunoglobulinspregnancy outcome
ORrecurrent miscarriage IVIG live birth
ORrecurrent abortion still birth
What’s missing??
Concept #1 Concept #2 Concept #3
MeSH
TextWords
Search StrategySearch Strategy
AND AND
ORAbortion, Habitual Immunoglobulins,
Intravenous Pregnancy Outcome
OR
“habitual abortion” OR “habitual abortions”
“intravenous immunoglobulins” OR “intravenous immunoglobulin”
“pregnancy outcome” OR “pregnancy outcomes”
OR
“recurrent miscarriage” OR “recurrent miscarriages”
IVIG OR IVIGs “live birth” OR “live births”
OR
“recurrent abortion” OR “recurrent abortions”
“still birth” OR “still births”
Run the search
• Start with your first concept– Search for the subject headings first– Then search text words– Combine these synonymous searches with OR
using your search history
• Repeat for your second, third, and subsequent concepts
• Finally, combine large search results set with AND
How to SearchHow to Search
Search #2 =
Search #3 =
Search #4 =
Search #5 = #1 OR #2 OR #3 OR #4
Search #1 =
Concept 1
Search #6 =
Search #7 =
Search #8 =
Search #9 =
Concept 2
Search #10 = #6 OR #7 OR #8 OR #9
Search #11 = #5 AND #10
Results
How to SearchHow to Search
PubMed Advanced Search BuilderPubMed Advanced Search Builder
((((((("abortion, habitual"[MeSH Terms])) OR (("habitual abortion"[Title/Abstract]) OR "habitual abortions"[Title/Abstract])) OR (("recurrent miscarriage"[Title/Abstract]) OR "recurrent miscarriages"[Title/Abstract])) OR (("recurrent abortion"[Title/Abstract]) OR "recurrent abortions"[Title/Abstract]))) AND (((("immunoglobulins, intravenous"[MeSH Terms])) OR (("intravenous immunoglobulins"[Title/Abstract]) OR "intravenous immunoglobulin"[Title/Abstract])) OR ((IVIG[Title/Abstract]) OR IVIGs[Title/Abstract]))) AND ((((("pregnancy outcome"[MeSH Terms])) OR (("pregnancy outcome"[Title/Abstract]) OR "pregnancy outcomes"[Title/Abstract])) OR (("live birth"[Title/Abstract]) OR "live births"[Title/Abstract])) OR (("still birth"[Title/Abstract]) OR "still births"[Title/Abstract]))
PubMed Search StrategyPubMed Search Strategy
Break – 10 mins
Applying filters
1. Date of publication – only studies conducted between 2002 and 2012
2. Species– only humans
3. Publication language – only materials written in English or French
4. Publication type– only RCTs
Example FiltersExample Filters
Export References to a Citation Manager
Available to McGill students, faculty, staff.
Available to McGill students, faculty, staff.
Information and workshops:http://www.mcgill.ca/library/library-using/citationsoftware
Why should you use a citation manager?
Why should you use a citation manager?
What they do:– Identify and remove duplicate references– Format your bibliography– Organize references into folders– Share your references with colleagues
Citation ManagersCitation Managers
1. A quality literature review is _____2. Combine synonymous searches with ______3. To find subject headings, use ______4. To run a search in PubMed, use ______5. To import PubMed citations into RefWorks, use the ______
RecapRecap
Where to go for HelpWhere to go for Help
Robin Featherstone
Liaison Librarian Life Sciences Library,
McGill University
514-398-4475 ext. 09844robin.featherstone@mcgill.ca
Irina Iavorskaia
LibrarianWomen’s Pavilion Library
Royal Victoria Hospital
514-934-1934 ext 34738irina.iavorskaia@muhc.mcgill.ca
Robin Featherstone, MLISLiaison Librarian (Medicine)robin.featherstone@mcgill.ca
QuestionsQuestions
Slides: http://www.slideshare.net/featherr
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