home and street safety
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Home and Street SafetyTeacher Workshop
Introduction Home and street safety affects the lives of
children all over the US “Centers for Disease Control and
Prevention (CDC), reported that unintentional injury is the leading cause of death among youths” (Telljohann, Symons, and Pateman, 2009, p. 220)¹
Common causes of unintentional injuries include electricity, fires, falls, drowning, road traffic, poisoning, and stranger danger
Let’s Discuss Who taught you how to cross the street
properly? Have you or anyone you know been
encountered by a stranger, and what happened?
Do you remember a time in your life when you thought you or someone you were with ingested a poison?
Have you ever been injured from a fall, and what were you doing when you fell?
Definition of Unintentional Injury“Accidental circumstance in which
injury was not anticipated” (Webb, Module 11)
“Injuries that occur without specific intent of harm” (Telljohann, Symons, and Pateman, 2009, p. 220)¹
These types of injuries are preventable
Why Include this Topic in the Classroom? Parents often lack skills to teach children
prevention of unintentional injuries Education should include academics and
life skills Pertinent for children to lead long and
healthy lives These skills are also applicable in
classroom settings- field trips- classroom etiquette- lunchtime/recess
Why is this Important to Teachers? Children lacking these skills can lead to
more unintentional injuries in the classroom
These injuries lead to higher absence rates in the classroom
Teaching these skills results in safer children which leads to safer adults and overall safer communities
Topics to be Covered
1. Street Safety2. Stranger Danger3. Poison Safety4. Electricity5. Falls
Street Safety
What Teachers Should be Able to Do:
1.List the 5 appropriate steps to crossing the street safely
2.Distinguish between a safe and non safe route to walk to school when given 2 scenarios
3. Identify and describe the purpose of a stop sign, crosswalk sign, and pedestrian street light
Terms to Know Traffic Lights & Stop Signs: Tell cars when
to stop and go
Crosswalk Signal: Tells walkers when to stop and go
Crosswalk : A safe place for people to cross the street (when no cars are coming)
Crossing Guard: A safe adult that helps people cross the street
Street Signs and Signals
Red ALWAYS means stop: Red stop sign Red Light Red Hand for crossing signal
Before Crossing the Street Stop at the curb of the sidewalk
Press the cross walk button
Wait for walking sign to appear(white man)
Look left, right, left
Make sure no cars are coming from any direction
(NHTSA, 2009)
While Crossing the StreetCross inside the crosswalk (white
lines)
Walk, do not run
Pay full attention (avoid texting or playing)
(NHTSA, 2009)
Tips For Teachers
Teach students to recognize stop signs, crossing signals, and safe crossing areas
Encourage your students to practice crossing an actual street with supervision
Allow time for questions or clarification
Stranger Danger
What Teachers Should be Able to Do:
1. Define the term stranger
2. Recite the 4 steps children should take if approached by a stranger
Terms to know
According to the Merriam-Webster Dictionary, a
stranger is “a person or thing that is unknown or with whom one is unacquainted.”¹
Abduction Statistics
Elementary school children abductions Strangers are responsible for 1/2 of all
abductions Relatives, neighbors, family friends, and adult
acquaintances are responsible for the rest Girls are at least 3 times more likely to be
abducted and murdered than boys ▪ Offenders are usually male, who select
female victims South Carolina Abduction Investigation¹
▪ 40% occurred on school grounds by a stranger
▪ A majority occurred around 5pm, right after school hours
Stranger Danger
Abduction Motives¹ Short-term: sexual molestation Long-term: sexual gratification,
retribution financial gain, desire to kill, and maternal desire
How can teachers help?
Teachers CAN help prevent child abductions! Keep an eye on all of your students at all
times Make sure the adult picking up the child
from school is the child’s legal guardian or is an adult that the legal guardian has given permission to
Teach your students preventative skills!
What can children do?
Four Simple Rules Children Should Follow When a Stranger Approaches:
1. Ignore2. Say “NO” when prompted3. Immediately walk or run away if
stranger persists4. Immediately tell an adult about the
encounter
Tips for Teachers
Outside Adults should ALWAYS know where their
child is going Enforce the buddy system Know your surroundings Walk in common, lit areas Don’t walk at night, if possible
Tips for Children
At home Children should NEVER answer doors Children should NEVER answer phones When children are home alone, ALL windows
and doors should be closed and locked
Important phone numbers to know: Legal guardian(s) Police (911)
Poison Safety
What Teachers Should be Able to Do:
1.Name 3 common terms that are used as identifiers on poisonous substances
2.Differentiate between safe and non safe storage places for poisonous substances when shown examples
3.Recite the poison control hotline phone number
Poison ActivityPreparation:
–Collect 20 household products and classroom items (i.e. cleaning sprays, glue, water, etc.) to serve as examples and non-examples of potential hazardous items when ingested–Disperse these items in groups on tables around the room
•Have audience walk around the room and note the items that they think are (potentially) poisonous•Hold a discussion on the items after everyone has gotten a chance to walk around the room
–Let audience know that even though some products may not seem to serve potential harm, when anything is ingested at a large quantity, that substance is hazardous to your health
What is a Poison?
According to the CDC a poison is any substance that is harmful to the body when taken or used inappropriately
“Any substance can be poisonous if too much is ingested” (CDC, 2009) ¹
Poisons!
130 children in America under the age of 14 are poisoned each year. (Mychildsafety.net, 2008)¹
Take the time to educate students on what substances are poisonous .
Store poisonous substances in safe places that are unreachable to children.
Know how to react in a poison ingestion situation.
Poisonous Labels Common terms on poisonous
substances: CAUTION
WARNING
POISON
DANGER
KEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDREN
Common Poisonous Items
Medications
Cleaning Supplies
Pesticides
Fuel
Lawn and Garden Fertilizers
Cosmetics and Personal Care Items
Plants and Berries
Storing Toxic Items
Keep items in high storage areas that are out of reach
Lock cabinets with child safe locks
Keep medications in original containers with child safe caps properly tightened
Storing Toxins, ContinuedKeep cleaning items in their original
containers with proper labeling
Instruct children of off limit areas that contain poisonous substances
Unsafe Storage Areas
Any place within a child’s reachDrawers and cabinets that cannot be
lockedPurses and bagsCarsClosetsGarages
In Case of Poisoning
If child is unresponsive, having difficulty breathing, vomiting, or having seizures call 911
If the child is not reacting to the poison, call the Poison Hotline for further guidance 1-800-222-1222
Calling Poison Control Know the child’s age and weight Have the bottle or label of the item
ingested Know the approximate time and amount
of product ingestion Know the address of where you and the
child are Remain calm!!
Electrical Safety
What Teachers Should be Able to Do:
1. List 3 possible electrical dangers within the home and classroom
2. Recite the 4 appropriate steps of what to do if a child is electrocuted
Why Teach Electrical Safety?According to CPSC (1991-2001):24,000+ children under 10 years old
were treated in ERs for incidents related to electrical receptacles (About 7 children per day.)
89% are under 6 years old
Typical Location of Incidents
Image found at: http ://www.childoutletsafety.org/datastatistics.html
Electrical Safety
• What is an electric shock?An electric shock happens when a person touches an electrical energy source. Electrical current flowing through a part of the body will cause a shock.
• What is electrocution?Electrocution is death caused by electric shock.
(Electrical Safety Council, 2009)
Possible Effects of an Electric Shock Increased blood pressureFaster pulse rateDifficulty breathingLoss of consciousnessHeart attackBurnsDeath
Possible Electrical Dangers in the Home and ClassroomOutlets Exposed wires and cordsPlugsLight bulbsAppliances near sinks and liquidsComputer equipment
Preventing Electrical Injuries Install outlet safety plugs
Turn off and unplug electrical devices that are not in use
Keep appliances away from water
Check electrical cords for fraying
In Case of Electric Shock
DO NOT touch the person receiving the electric shock until the electricity is switched off and you are sure it is safe to do so
If you touch them, you could get an electric shock or be electrocuted yourself
(Electrical Safety Council, 2009)
In Case of Electric Shock If the person is conscious and
seems unharmed:- He/she should be told to rest- If in doubt call a doctor
If the person is unconscious:- Open the airway and check breathing- Resuscitate if necessary- Place injured person in recovery position- DIAL 911!
Falls
What Teachers Should be Able to Do:
1. Detect all fall hazards within an image when presented with a scenario
What Are Falls?
“Falls are the leading cause of unintentional injury for children” (Britton, 2005, p. 33)¹
Falls can be categorized as follows:1. “Falls while walking or running2. Falls from heights3. Falls while participating in recreational activities4. Falls during competitive sports activities” (Britton, 2005, p. 33)¹
Fall Prevention
Prevention Strategies: Keep walkways and ground areas clear
of objects Don’t run around in enclosed spaces Avoid climbing of crawling onto object’s
past one’s own height Avoid running up and down stairs Keep floors dry of any liquids and spills
In the Event of a Fall
What to do if fall injury occurs: Should be able to assess severity of
the injury Call for proper help (parent, school
nurse, or ambulance)
Lesson Plan Discussion
Now let’s think about possible lesson plans! How can we integrate these topics into
other subjects? What types of lessons will you want to
create? Which lessons may overlap?
Lesson Plan Activities
You may want to include the following activities into your lesson plans: Role playing Visual Literacy Mnemonics Hands-on-Activities
Lesson Plan Examples 1.Science: Poisons
-Understanding poison labels and hazards
2. Language Arts: Pedestrian Safety- Identify important street signals and signs- Understand appropriate street safety procedures
3. Math: Street Signs/Shapes- Discussing street signs and identifying their shapes
Lesson Plan Examples 4.Social Studies: Safe Routes
-Understand geographical directions and weather conditions-Identify how to find a safe walking route
5. FCAT/Reading: Stranger Danger- Practice FCAT procedures and skills- Practice appropriate behaviors when approached by a stranger
CitationsBritton, J.W. (2005). Kids can't fly: preventing fall
injuries in children. Wisconsin Medical Journal, 104(1), 33-36.
Electrical Safety Council, . (2009). First aid. Retrieved from http://www.switchedonkids.org.uk/pt_firstaid.html
Lord, W. D., Boudreaux, M. C., Lanning, K. V. (2001). Investigating potential child abduction cases: A developmental perspective. FBI Law Enforcement Bulletin, 70(4), 1-10. Retrieved from http://www.fbi.gov/publications/leb/2001/apr01leb.pdf
CitationsMiller, J. M., Kurlycheck, M., Hansen, J. A., Wildon, K. (2008). Examining child abduction by offender type patterns. Justice Quarterly, 25(3), 523-543. doi: 10.1080/07418820802241697
National Center for Safe Routes to School, . (2009, July). Safe routes to school guide teaching children to walk safely as they grow and develop: a guide for parents and caregivers. Retrieved from http://www.saferoutesinfo.org/resources/collateral/TeachingChi
ldrentoWalkSafely.pdf
National Electrical Manufacturers Association. (n.d.). Electrical-receptacle-related injury statistics. . Retrieved from
CitationsStranger. (2010). In Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary. Retrieved June
9, 2010, from http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/stranger
Telljohann, S.K., Symons, C.W., & Pateman, B. (2009). Health education: elementary and middle school applications. New York, NY: McGraw Hill.
http://www.childoutletsafety.org/datastatistics.html
Home Safety Council. (2010). Poison prevention tips. Retrieved from http://www.homesafetycouncil.org/SafetyGuide/sg_poison_w001.asp
Home Safety Council. (2010). Poison prevention tips. Retrieved from http://www.homesafetycouncil.org/SafetyGuide/sg_poison_w001.asp
Home Safety Council. (2010). Poison prevention tips. Retrieved from http://www.homesafetycouncil.org/SafetyGuide/sg_poison_w001.asp
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