histograms - ms. arnold 6th grade math -...
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Histograms I can display numerical data with a histogram.
A histogram is a graphical display where the data is grouped by range into
classes or bins, and plotted as bars. It is plotted with both a horizontal
and a vertical axis..
Vocabulary
The number of observations is
the number or pieces of data collected in the
sample.
The spread of the data is the range of the data
points.
The attribute is the specific
characteristic or feature of the graph. In other
words, it is what the graph is about.
Vocabulary Review
________________ ________________
__________________
_________
Range __________________
Observations _________________________________
Bins or Classes Horizontal Axis 20-29, 30-39,..
Frequency Vertical
Axis
Attribute
Spread Range of the Data
0-100
Observations Add the
Frequencies 1 + 2 + 1 + 2 + 6 + 9 + 13 + 5 =
38
A symmetric (bell shaped) distribution. It is also called a normal distribution.
If more than 30 people are sampled, the distribution is almost always normal. This means that
most of the data falls in the center and fewer data points fall at the extremes. The mean, median, and
mode are all the same.
Shape
Shape
A skewed right or positive distribution. Most of the
data falls toward the lower extreme. The plot looks like it has a tail to
the right.
A skewed left or negative distribution. Most of
the data falls toward the upper extreme. The plot looks like it has a
tail to the left.
Shape
Shape
A uniform distribution indicates that there
were similar or exact frequencies for each class in the sample.
Shape
The peaks on a histogram tell us the mode. What do you know about the
mode from this plot?
Steps to Creating a Histogram – Organizing the Data
• Determine the highest and lowest values, and compute the range.
• Divide the range into five or more sections with an equal number of values in each section. This creates your bin width.
• Create a frequency table with the appropriate classes or bins on the left side and the number of values in each class on the right side with tally marks.
Steps to Creating a Histogram Creating the Display
• Draw a horizontal axis and mark even spaces for your bins. Label the bins so the scale is clear and title your axis.
• Draw a vertical axis and choose a scale that will accommodate the highest frequency. Label and title your axis.
• Construct bars for each class of data that correspond to the frequency.
• Give your histogram a title.
Organize Class Data
How many hours did you spend on electronic media last weekend? List the number of hours from 0-48 on your whiteboard and hold it up.
Follow Along as I Organize the Class Data.
Organize Class Data
First, I will find the highest and the lowest
values. ________ _______
And find the range ______
Next, I will divide the range into at least five equal size bins.
This will give me class sizes of ________.
Finally, I will create a frequency table.
Hours on E-Media (Bins)
Frequency
Steps to Creating a Histogram Creating the Display
Weekend Electronic Media Use
Class Practice
Questions for Review: 1. What is the attribute? 2. How many observations are
recorded? 3. Can you find the mean, median, and
mode? 4. What is the spread of the data? 5. Are there any outliers? 6. What does the shape of the histogram
reveal?
Class Practice
Create Histograms for the Data Sets
on Your Worksheet.
We will review as a class when we finish.
Organize Class Data
Interval (Candies Per Bag)
Frequency # of Values
21-‐40 llll 41-‐60 llll 61-‐80 llll ll 81-‐100 ll 101-‐120 lll
Chocolate Candies per Trail Mix Bag
21-40 41-60 61-80 81-100 101-119
Organize Class Data
Interval Scores
Frequency # of Values
51-‐60 l 61-‐70 llll 71-‐80 llll llll ll 81-‐90 llll 91-‐100 llll
Test Scores, out of 100 Points
51-60 61-70 71-80 81-90 91-100
Organize Class Data
Interval (Temperatures)
Frequency # of Values
45-‐49 llll 50-‐54 llll l 55-‐59 llll lll 60-‐64 llll 65-‐69 llll 70-‐74 llll
Daily High Temp(Fahrenheit)
45-49 50-54 55-59 60-64 65-69 70-74
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