health year 7 © t. p. thould january 2000 living things every living thing - plant and animal have...

HEALTH

YEAR 7

© T. P. Thould January 2000

LIVING THINGS

Every living thing - plant and animal have eight common features (characteristics).

These eight characteristics are shared by all living things.

They must have all eight characteristics to be called a living thing.

THE EIGHT CHARACTERISTICS OF LIVING THINGS

1 Movement

2 Respiration

3 Sensitivity

4 Cells

MRS C FERG

5 Feeding

6 Excretion

7 Reproduction

8 Growth

Test

1 Movement - find food, escape , etc..

2 Respiration - for energy

3 Sensitivity - to pick up information about their surroundings

4 Cells - building blocks of life

5 Feeding - for growth and repair

6 Excretion - get rid of waste

7 Reproduction - survival of the species

8 Growth - to mature, to repair Test

BY NOW YOU SHOULD KNOW…..

•That all living things must have some characteristics in common.

•How many characteristics of living things there are.

•What the characteristics of living things are.

•How they help to support life.

WHAT ARE ORGANS

Organs are a collection of tissues. They do a special job in the living thing to help it

stay alive

Cells of the same kind join together to form tissues

Different tissues join together to form organs

Different organs link up to form systems

Cells Tissues Organs Systems

LeavesRoots

Flower

THE MAIN ORGANS OF A PLANT

Stem Fruits

THE MAIN OF A PLANT

Leaves

Roots

Flower

THE FUNCTIONS OF ORGANS OF A PLANT

StemTo attract insects for

pollination and to make seeds

Anchor the plant and takes in water

Carries water and food around the

plant

Absorbs light to make food by Photosynthesis

Fruit

To attract animals to disperse seeds

THE FUNCTIONS OF ORGANS OF A PLANT

Celery Before Celery After

Draw what the cut end of the Celery looks like :-

Explain the differences you saw in the two drawings :-

THE MAIN PARTS OF A FLOWER

Sepal

Stamen

Petal

Carpel

Test

THE MALE PARTS OF A FLOWER

Stamen

Anther

Filament

The Stamen is the male part of a flower

It is made up from the Anther and the Filament Test

THE FUNCTIONS OF THE MALE PARTS

Stamen

Anther

Filament

Makes pollen which has the male genes in it

Holds the Anther up in the air so that visiting insects brush against it

Different plants have different numbers, shape and sizes of Stamens

Test

THE FEMALE PARTS OF A FLOWER

The Carpel is the Female part of a flower

It is made up from the Stigma Style and the Ovary

Stigma

Style

Ovary

Test

THE FUNCTIONS OF THE FEMALE PARTS

Stigma

Style

Ovary

Carpel

A sticky surface where pollen stays

when visiting insects brush against it.

Guides the pollen tube down to the

Ovary.

Makes the Ovules which contain the

female genes. Forms the fruit.OvuleTest

THE MAIN PARTS OF A FLOWER

Sepal

Stamen

Petal

CarpelFilament

Anther

Stigma

Style

Ovary

TestOvule

BY NOW YOU SHOULD KNOW…..

•What an Organ is.

•The main organs of a Plant

•The main jobs of these organs

•The parts of a flower.

•The main jobs of these parts.

MAIN ORGANS OF THE BODY

How many do you know?

There are at least 16 here!

ORGANS TO HELP SENSITIVITY

Brain

Ears, tongue, eyes, nose and skin

Living things need to detect what is going on around them in order to survive.

Our senses pick up smells, sound, light, heat, movement etc. and send signals to

our brain.

ORGANS HELPING US TO FEED

Oesophagus, Stomach, Small Intestine and the Large Intestine.

This is all controlled by

the brain

These organs breakdown the food we eat so that it can easily pass into out blood and keep our cells alive. Undigested food is passed out of the body

Helped by the

Liver and

Pancreas

THESE ORGANS HELP WITH RESPIRATION

The organs of the Respiratory System are

the Lungs and the Diaphragm

The Diaphragm and the ribs move up and down to fill and empty the air out of them.

This helps to get Oxygen into the blood so that cells can use it to make energy.

This is all controlled by

the brain

THESE ORGANS HELP WITH EXCRETION

The organs of the Excretory System are the Kidneys and the Bladder.

Waste is made in the body and the Kidneys filter it out of the blood forming Urine. This is sent to be stored in the Bladder before it is

passed out of the body.

This is all controlled by

the brain

THESE ORGANS HELP WITH REPRODUCTION

The male sex organs are made up from the Penis, Testes and Scrotum. The Testes make Sperm which contain the male genes. The Penis places the sperm as near as it can to the female’s egg ( Ovum )

The female sex organs are made up from the Ovaries, Vagina, Uterus and Oviduct. The ovaries make the Ovum which contains the female genes. The Uterus ( womb ) holds the developing baby.

This is all controlled by

the brain

THESE ORGANS HELP WITH OUR TRANSPORT SYSTEM

Heart, Blood and Vessels

The Heart is a pump. It pumps the blood around

the body through the blood vessels.

The blood carries food, oxygen and

other things to the cells

MAIN ORGANS OF THE BODY

How many do you know

now?

18

1

2 5

3

8

6

74

9

10

17

16

13

12 11

15

14

19

20

MOVE THE PARTS TO THE RIGHT PLACES

BY NOW YOU SHOULD KNOW…..

•The main organs of the Human Body

•Where in the body these organs are found

•The main jobs of these organs

HEALTHY OR NOT?

•What do we mean by healthy?

•What helps us to stay in good health?

•What makes us unhealthy?

ARE THESE HEALTHY OR NOT?

CigarettesOranges

Salmonella

Beer

Chips

Drugs

Medicines

Solvents

Water

AerobicsSugar

Coffee

Milk

Vaccinations

Cakes

Baked Potatoes

Salt

SwimmingSleep

What do some people take into

their bodies which makes them ill?

SmokeTar

Nicotine CarbonMonoxide

THE HARMFUL SUBATANCES

HeartAttacks

Breathing Problems

BlockedArteries

Cancer

SMOKING IS UNHEALTHY

THE LUNGS

Trachea

Left Bronchus

Ribs

Left Lung

DiaphragmAlveoli

Bronchioles

Cartilage Rings

IntercostalMuscles

WHICH ONE IS THE SMOKERS’ LUNG?

A B

Why do you think this? What has caused the differences in the way they look?

CocaineEcstasy

Cannabis Heroin

SOME COMMON DRUGS

DehydrationBrain

Damage

HIV / AidsOrganFailure

DRUGS ARE UNHEALTHY

GlueLighter

Fuel

PaintStripper

HairSpray

SOME COMMON SOLVENTS

BreathingProblems

FaceSores

ComaBrain

Damage

SOLNENT ABUSE IS UNHEALTHY

WhiskyBeer

Wine Gin

SOME COMMON DRINKS

Liver damage

Depressant

DestroysBrain Cells

AffectsJudgement

HOW ALCOHOL CAN BE UNHEALTHY

CAFFEINE

A chemical found in Coffee, Tea and Coke Cola.

Once in the blood and taken to the cells of the body it:-

•Speeds up your heart / pulse rate

•Makes you breathe more quickly

FASTER BREATHING FASTER

PULSE

BY NOW YOU SHOULD KNOW…..

•The substances that can make you unhealthy if you take them into your body

•How they affect your body

•The organs that are damaged or affected by these substances

WHITE CELL

Defends body against disease by killing Microbes - Bacteria and Viruses

White Cell

Defends body against disease by killing Microbes - Bacteria and Viruses

They do this by engulfing them - surrounding the bacteria and trapping it inside the cell and

destroying it.

They also make chemicals called Antibodies which kill the bacteria a few days after being infected.

Bacterium

BY NOW YOU SHOULD KNOW…..

•Examples of Microbes which cause disease

•The name of the cell in your blood that fights microbes.

•How this cell fights the microbes.

•The What is meant by vaccination and immunity

FOOD CAN MAKE YOU HEALTHY OR IF YOU ARE

NOT CAREFUL IT CAN MAKE YOU UNHEALTHY

How do you explain this?

A BALANCED DIET

To keep healthy you must eat a balanced diet.

This means that you should eat the RIGHT AMOUNTS of each of the food groups. The RIGHT AMOUNT depends upon :-

the age, sex, size, job and how active the person is.

CARBOHYDRATES

FATS

PROTEINS

Potatoes Rice Pasta

BreadButter Cream

Fried Food Peanuts

Meat Fish Soya

Energy giving foods full of

StarchStored energy and insulation

For growth and repair

Test

BY NOW YOU SHOULD KNOW…..

•The seven food groups

•The sources of food in which you find these food groups

•The use to your body of these food groups

•What is meant by a balanced diet