hazmat awareness & erg

First Responder Awareness Level Training

First Responder Awareness Level Training

UNIT 1 - “Preparation”

Unit ObjectivesUnit Objectives

• Identify OSHA and EPA training requirements

• Identify the role of the Awareness Level First Responder

• Identify the roles of the Local Emergency Planning Committee (LEPC) and the State Emergency Response Commission (SERC)

Hazardous MaterialsHazardous Materials

• Defined in numerous ways– U.S. Department of Transportation (USDOT)– U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA)– U.S. Occupational Safety and Health Administration

(OSHA)

• Simplified Definition

• Extremely Hazardous Substances

Hazardous Materials IncidentsHazardous Materials Incidents

“Haz-Mat” incidents are unique incidents. They require specialized protective measures not normally

available to first responders AND they demand a different operational

approach!

Mechanisms of HarmMechanisms of Harm

T.E.A.M. C.P.R.Thermal Chemical

Etiological Psychological

AsphyxiationRadiological

Mechanical

Public Safety “Duty to Act”Public Safety “Duty to Act”

• Public safety responders have a “Duty to Act”.

• Your level of involvement is defined by your employer’s Emergency Response Plan (ERP).

• The actions you are expected to take should be in Standard Operating Procedure format.

• NEVER exceed your level of training and protection!

Awareness Level Response Goals

Awareness Level Response Goals

Recognition

Isolation

Protection

Notification

North American Emergency Response Guidebook

North American Emergency Response Guidebook

• Your tool for success.

• Every emergency vehicle should have a copy.

• Purpose:– An aid for identification of the material involved.– Outlines basic initial actions.– Recommends protective action areas.– Serves as an initial incident safety plan.

Legal MandatesLegal Mandates

• Superfund Amendments and Re-Authorization Act of 1986 (SARA 1986).

• SARA Title I, Section 126 mandated OSHA to develop safety regulations for responders.

• SARA Title III requires local communities and facilities to plan and prepare for hazardous materials emergencies.

Hazardous Waste Operations and Emergency Response (HazWOpER)

Hazardous Waste Operations and Emergency Response (HazWOpER)

• OSHA and EPA’s safety standard which was developed in accordance with the mandate of SARA Title I, Section 126.

• Codified as OSHA 29 CFR 1910.120 and EPA 40 CFR 311.

• Enforced in all states by the State Department of Labor and Employment Security as well as OSHA and EPA.

Five Levels of TrainingFive Levels of Training

• First Responder Awareness Level

• First Responder Operational Level

• Hazardous Materials Technician

• Hazardous Materials Specialist

• Hazardous Materials Incident Commander

Operational ModesOperational Modes

• Awareness and Operational level responders take DEFENSIVE actions.

• Technicians and Specialists take OFFENSIVE actions.

• The Incident Commander coordinates the response and is ultimately responsible for safety.

Unit SummaryUnit Summary

• Definition and difference

• T.E.A.M. C.P.R. lists the potential hazards

• Duty to Act

• Four roles for awareness responders R.I.P. NOT!

• Employer’s Emergency Response Plan

• Five levels of training

• Two operational modes

Unit 2 - “Hazard Identification”

First Responder Awareness Level Training

First Responder Awareness Level Training

Unit 2 - Hazard IdentificationUnit 2 - Hazard Identification

Unit Objectives:

- Identify the six clues to the presence of hazardous materials.

- Identify the various hazard classes of hazardous materials.

- Describe ways in which you can determine the specific identity of a hazardous material.

Remember your four goals!Remember your four goals!

Recognition

Isolation

Protection

Notification

Six Basic Clues to RecognitionSix Basic Clues to Recognition

1 - Occupancy and location

2 - Container shape and size

3 - Placards and labels

4 - Shipping papers/facility

documents

5 - Markings and colors

6 - Human senses

Clue # 1 - Occupancy and LocationClue # 1 - Occupancy and Location

• Specific occupancy or general area

• Fixed facilities

• Five modes of hazardous materials transportation– Rail, air, marine, highway and

pipeline

• Drug lab considerations

Clue # 2 - Container Shape and SizeClue # 2 - Container Shape and Size

• Classifications– Portable, fixed or transportation

• Pressure– Non-pressurized, low or high pressure

• Vapor Pressure and Storage– The higher the pressure, the greater the

potential for catastrophic failure– BLEVE

Clue # 3 - Placards and LabelsClue # 3 - Placards and Labels

• Placards and their limitations– Not always required– The 1000 pound rule

• Placards and labels used for transport are based upon DOT Hazard Class

• Nine Hazard Classes– Subdivided into divisions– Refer to page 11 of 1996 ERG

Hazard Class 1 - ExplosivesHazard Class 1 - Explosives

• Subdivided into 6 divisions1.1 - Mass explosion hazard

1.2 - Projectile hazard

1.3 - Fire, minor blast or projectile

1.4 - Minor explosion

1.5 - Very insensitive explosives

1.6 - Extremely insensitive

• Pressurized or liquefied– Compressed nitrogen and liquefied

petroleum gases (LPG) are examples

• Product and container present hazards

• Three Subdivisions – 2.1 - Flammable gases– 2.2 - Non-Flammable, Non-Poisonous– 2.3 - Poisonous Gases

Hazard Class 2 - GasesHazard Class 2 - Gases

Hazard Class 3 - Flammable/Combustible Liquids

Hazard Class 3 - Flammable/Combustible Liquids

• Flammable Liquids can be ignited at room temperature

• Combustible Liquids require some degree of pre-heating to ignite

• Number 1 rule - eliminate ignition sources

Hazard Class 4 - Flammable Solids

Hazard Class 4 - Flammable Solids

• Three subdivisions4.1 - Flammable Solids

4.2 - Spontaneously Combustible

4.3 - Dangerous when wet

Hazard Class 5 - Oxidizers and Organic Peroxides

Hazard Class 5 - Oxidizers and Organic Peroxides

• Oxidizers release oxygen to enhance or intensify burn

• With strong fuels, oxidizers can create conditions which which can lead to violent combustion

• Many Organic Peroxides are very unstable

Hazard Class 6 - Poisonous and Infectious Substances

Hazard Class 6 - Poisonous and Infectious Substances

• Poisonous to human– Can include severely irritating

substances– “Tear Gas”, Hydrocyanic acid,

Carbon Tetrachloride

• Infectious Substances– Potential to cause diseases in humans– Anthrax, human blood and many

body fluids

Hazard Class 7 - Radioactive Materials

Hazard Class 7 - Radioactive Materials

• Ionizing radiation hazard

• Exposure does not always result in contamination

• Safety Rules:– Time, Distance and Shielding

• Shipped in specialized containers

Hazard Class 8 – Corrosive MaterialsHazard Class 8 – Corrosive Materials

Hazard Class 9 - Miscellaneous Hazardous Materials

Hazard Class 9 - Miscellaneous Hazardous Materials

• ORM A - Dry Ice

• ORM B - Quick Lime, Metallic mercury

• ORM C - Asphalt, Battery parts

• ORM D - Consumer commodities

• ORM E - Hazardous substances and hazardous wastes

Pesticide LabelsPesticide Labels

• Product name

• Active ingredients

• Signal word– Caution– Warning– Danger (Poison)

• Precautionary statements

Clue # 4 - Shipping Papers and Facility Documents

Clue # 4 - Shipping Papers and Facility Documents

MODE CALLED LOCATION

Rail Waybill and Consist

With crew

Highway Bill of Lading Driver / on seat or door pocket

Air Air-bill Pilot

Pipeline Marker At cross with other mode of transport

Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS)Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS)

• Required to be maintained by the Federal Hazard Communication Standard and The Florida Right-to-Know Law

• Found at fixed facilities

• Provides a variety of information

• Emergency Response Plans (ERP)

• Emergency Action Plans (EAP)

Clue # 5 - Markings and ColorsClue # 5 - Markings and Colors

• Container colors are not always standardized

• UN/NA identification numbers

• NFPA 704 Diamond

• Military markings

Clue # 6 - Human SensesClue # 6 - Human Senses

RISK LEVEL

High

Low

TASTETOUCHSMELLSIGHTSOUND

Methods of IdentificationMethods of Identification

• Once you recognize, try to identify

• Location of material name– Shipping papers– MSDSs (fixed facilities)– Facility Pre-Plans– Employees and bystanders

• If you cannot safely identify, try to classify the material into a hazard class

Unit SummaryUnit Summary• Goals of recognition and identification

– Recognize, Classify, Identify

• Six clues to the presence of hazardous materials– Occupancy and location, container shape and size,

placards and labels, shipping papers and facility documents, markings and colors, the human senses

• There are nine general classes of hazardous materials

First Responder Awareness Level Training

First Responder Awareness Level Training

Unit 3 - “Taking Control”

ObjectivesObjectives

• Identify the procedures for initiating your Emergency Response Plan.

• Identify the proper procedures for implementing protective action distances.

• Take actions necessary to properly isolate the incident.

ERG BookERG Book

• North American Emergency Response Guidebook

• Origin

• Goal

• Purpose & Limitations

Steps for Proper Use of the ERGSteps for Proper Use of the ERG

• Recognize & Identify Hazardous Materials– Name

– Four digit ID number

– Placard description

• Look up the guide page number• Take basic protective actions according to the

guide page• Initiate isolation and evacuation according to

protective action distances

Basic Protective ActionsBasic Protective Actions

• Your approach

• Your main objectives– Isolate– Protect by preventing

contamination– Initiate your Emergency

Response Plan (Notify)

Proper Guide Page UseProper Guide Page Use

Table of Protective Action DistancesTable of Protective Action Distances

Protective Action OptionsProtective Action Options

• Shelter in-place– Short duration incidents– Greater hazard to attempt to

move– Impractical to evacuate

• Evacuation– Potential for massive fire or

explosion– Long duration incidents

Emergency Response InformationEmergency Response Information

• Firefighting– Definition of “Haz-Mat Fire”

– Defensive Vs. Offensive

– Role of the awareness responder

• Spill / Leak Control– Not an awareness level role

• First Aid– Remember to prevent secondary contamination

SummarySummary

• ERG provides guidelines• You can find a guide page by:

– Name, ID number or placard comparison

• Basic instructions - page 1• Two indexes• Orange guide pages• Green protective action pages

First Responder Awareness Level Training

First Responder Awareness Level Training

Unit 4 - “Termination”

ObjectivesObjectives

• Identify the three actions necessary for proper termination

• Identify the information that should be received by responders during on scene debriefing

Reasons for TerminationReasons for Termination• Required by OSHA• Relates important

information to the responders

• Insures exposures are documented

• Insures that we improve our future responses

Steps to Proper TerminationSteps to Proper Termination

• On-scene debriefing

• Incident critique

• After action analysis

Questions??