groups of minerals adapted from la rosa
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Groups of Mineralsadapted from La Rosa
6th grade science www.middleschoolscience.com 2010
Mineral Groups - Notes
As you view the slides, write your notes into the graphic organizers.
Include all the information from each slide into the appropriate boxes. Write neatly and carefully.
You will not be expected to memorize this information, but this information will be used as a reference throughout our mineral unit and help you become familiar with the different types of minerals that exist.
Mineral Groups
Minerals are divided into groups based on their chemical composition
The two main groups all minerals can be classified into are:
▪ Silicates
▪ Nonsilicates
Silicates
Made of Silicon (Si) and Oxygen (O)▪ Example: SiO4
Make up 90% of the Earth’s crust
Combine with elements such as Aluminum (Al), Iron (Fe), Magnesium (Mg), and Potassium (K)
Silicates - Groups
Nesosilicates
Willemite – Zn2(SiO4)▪ found in Franklin, NJ
Garnet - A3B2(SiO4)3
Silicates - Groups
Sorosilicates
Hemimorphite▪ Zn4(SiO4)
Silicates - Groups
Cyclosilicates
Beryl▪ Be3Al2(Si6O18)
Silicates - Groups
Inosilicates
Hornblende▪ (Ca,Na)2(Mg,Fe,Al)5(Al,Si)8O22 (OH)2
Silicates - Groups
Phyllosilicates
Talc▪ Mg3(Si4O10)(OH)2
Silicates - Groups
Tectosilicates
Quartz ▪ SiO2
Opal▪ SiO2
.nH2O
Nonsilicates
Do not contain a combination of Silicon (Si) and Oxygen (O) in their chemical composition
There are 6 groups of nonsilicates:1. Native Elements2. Oxides3. Carbonates4. Sulfates5. Halides6. Sulfides
Native Elements
Minerals composed of only one element
Examples are: Gold (Au) Copper (Cu) Silver (Ag)*
Oxides
Elements combine with Oxygen (O)
Some elements that bond with O are Aluminum (Al) and Iron (Fe)
Examples of oxides: Chromite - FeCr2O4
Hematite* - Fe2O3
Carbonates
Contain Carbon (C) and Oxygen (O) in their formulas
Examples: Calcite - CaCO3
Malachite* - Cu2CO3(OH)2
Sulfates
Contain Sulfur and Oxygen (SO4)
Examples: Gypsum - CaSO4
.2H2O
Barite - BaSO4
Celestite* - SrSO4
Halides
Compounds formed when Fluorine (F), Chlorine (Cl), Iodine (I), or Bromine (Br) bond with Sodium (Na), Potassium (K), or Calcium (Ca)
Examples: Halite - NaCl Fluorite - CaF2
Sulfides
Elements bonded with Sulfur (S) such as Lead (Pb), Iron (Fe), or Nickel (Ni)
Examples: Galena - PbS Pyrite - FeS2
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