global supply chain managament

G L O B A L S U P P L Y C H A I N

Unit 1: Introduction

D I P L . J U R . J A N N I C O L A I H E N N E M A N N B . E N G . ( H O N S ) , M A N N H E I M | G E R M A

C H A I N M A N A G E M E N T

D I P L . J U R . J A N N I C O L A I H E N N E M A N N B . E N G . ( H O N S ) , M A N N H E I M | G E R M A N Y | JAN | 1 6 V 2 . 1

WHY AM I

D I P L . J U R . J A N N I C O L A I H E N N E M A N N B . E N G . ( H O N S )

AM I HERE? 2

WHY AM I

ROBERT DILTS‘ UNIFIED FIELD OF NLP

AM I HERE?

SPIRITUAL

ROBERT DILTS‘ UNIFIED FIELD OF NLP

IDENTITY

BELIEF

CAPABILITY

BEHAVIOR

EVIRONMENT

WHY AM I

AM I HERE? 4

Introductionof EPIC

analysis andweighting

EPIC – NEXT

EPICchallenge

Introductionto EPICstructure

FINISH

EPIC inaction

NEXT STEPS 6

MultipleTransitions

through ages

ProcurementManufacturingWarehousingDistribution

Innovation is keyevolutive ordisruptive

GSCM - HISTORY

Hungry?Ch. 2

Innovation is keyevolutive ordisruptive

Global economicpower keeps

moving

What‘s next ?

HISTORY 7

EPIC -

03Infrastructure

Competence

INTRO01

Economics

Politics

• Economic output of a country

• Potential for future growth

• Ability to attract foreign directinvestment

• Ability to generate a steady returnon investments made in the country

EPIC – ECONOMY

returncountry

ECONOMY (1/4) 9

EPIC – ECONOMY

• Indicate overall potential forconsumer sales

• Determine supply chain activity

• Help to craft future investmentstrategy

Economic Output &Growth Rate

• Indicate overall potential forconsumer sales

• Predict existing sales potential

• In relation with economic outputindicator for market attractiveness

Population Size

ECONOMY (2/4) 10

EPIC – ECONOMY

• Measure global market‘s belief insingle economy

• Compare FDI inflow & outflow overtime

• Indirect Investments

Foreign Direct Investment(FDI)

• Devaluation: reduces trade deficit

• Depreciation: improves exportprice attractiviness

• Comfort level for investmentthrough stability

Exchange Rate Stability &Consumer Price Inflation

ECONOMY (3/4) 11

EPIC – ECONOMY

• Transportation and logistics coststend to be affected

• Bottle-necks may occur

• Imbalance is difficult to tackle

Balance of Trade

ECONOMY (4/4) 12

EPIC – POLITICS (1/3)

• Ease of doing business

• Bureaucracy & corruption

• Legal & regulatory framework

• Tax & tariff barriers

• Risk of political instability

• Protection of property rights

POLITICS (1/3) 13

• Drives cost and time efficiences onvarious levels

• Bureaucracy and corruption hinderssmooth flow of goods and services

Ease of Doing Business

• Governs the level of governmentoversight and any accompanyingrestrictions on doing business & supplychain investment

• Influences investment decisions

Legal & RegulatoryFramework

POLITICS (2/3) 14

• Affects long-term viability of investmentand business model

• Measures economic distress andsocial unrest

• Differs from stability of government

Political Stability

• Safeguards company‘s efforts toinnovate

• Absence puts brand image at risk

Intellectual Property Rights

POLITICS (3/3) 15

EPIC – INFRASTRUCTURE(1/3)

• Physical infrastructure

• Energy infrastructure

• Telecommunications infrastructure

• Influences how SCM takes place

INFRASTRUCTURE(1/3)

Telecommunications infrastructure

Influences how SCM takes place

• Consists of road, rail, air and water

• Highly dependent on country specifics

Transportation Infrastructure

• Relates to generation and transmissionof electricity

• Measures interruptions of powersupply and voltage fluctuations

Utility Infrastructure

INFRASTRUCTURE(2/3) 17

• Measures how well information iscommunicated

• Measured by number of telephonelines and number of internetsubscriptions

• Need to be scaled on per capita basis

Telecommunication &Conncetivity Infrastructure

INFRASTRUCTURE(3/3) 18

EPIC – COMPETENCE

• Labor productivity

• Labor relations

• Availability of skilled labor / level ofeducation

• Influences the speed of SCM

COMPETENCE (1/3)

Availability of skilled labor / level of

EPIC – COMPETENCE (2/3)

• Determines effectiveness of offshoring

• Metrics: productivity, cooperation, skillset

Labor Relations

• Understanding costs of quality is key

• Sustain initiatives

• Ability to solve problems

Education Levels for LineStaff and Management

COMPETENCE (2/3) 20

EPIC – COMPETENCE (2/3)

• Measures effectiveness of variouslogistics functions within a country

Logistics OperationalCompetence

• Efficiency of clearance proceduresused by customs authorities

• Existence of proper security controls toensure protection of internal market

Customs & Security

COMPETENCE (2/3) 21

Introductionof EPIC

EPIC – NEXT

EPICchallenge

FINISH

EPIC inaction

NEXT STEPS 22

Variables

EPIC - ASSESSMENTWHAT‘S NEXT ?

Data Sources

Decision Uses

ASSESSMENT 23

EPIC - WEIGHTINGWHAT‘S NEXT ?

WEIGHTING 24

Unit 2: First Steps

WHY AM I

AM I HERE? 26

WHY AM I

AM I HERE? 27

EPIC -

03Infrastructure

Competence

INTRO01

Economics

Politics

Introductionof EPIC

EPIC – NEXT

EPICchallenge

FINISH

EPIC inaction

NEXT STEPS 29

Variables

EPIC - ASSESSMENT

Data Sources

Decision Uses

ASSESSMENT 30

EPIC - SOURCES

SOURCES 31

EPIC - SOURCES

https://www.wto.org/english/res_e/res_e.htm

SOURCES

https://www.wto.org/english/res_e/res_e.htm

EPIC - SOURCES

SOURCES 33

EPIC - SOURCES

SOURCES 34

ECONOMY -Variables

• GDP / GDP Growth

• Population Size

• Foreign DirectInvestment

• Exchange RateStability & ConsumerPrice Index

• Balance of TradeD I P L . J U R . J A N N I C O L A I H E N N E M A N N B . E N G . ( H O N S )

- CONNEX A

GDP / GDP Growth

Stability & Consumer

Data Sources

• CIA World Book, WTO

• CIA World Book, NationalCensus Bureaus

• UNCTAD FDI AttractionIndex

• CIA World Factbook,National Central Banks,National Chambers

ECONOMY -Variables

• GDP / GDP Growth

• Population Size

• Foreign DirectInvestment

• Exchange RateStability & ConsumerPrice Index

• Balance of Trade

Decision Uses

• Investments

• Investments, SalesPotential

• Investment,Manufacturing, ExportBusiness

• Investors, ImportBusiness, Trade (int. /ext.)

- CONNEX BDecision Uses

Investments

Investments, SalesPotential

Investment,Manufacturing, ExportBusiness

Investors, ImportBusiness, Trade (int. /ext.)

POLITICS -Variables

• Ease of doingbusiness

• Legal & regulatoryframework

• Risk of politicalstability

• Protection of propertyrights

CONNEX A

Legal & regulatory

Protection of property

Data Sources

• World Bank

• Deloitte InternationalTax Survey, Rule ofLaw Matrix

• Economist PoliticalInstability Index

• International PropertyRights Index, HKOrdinance

POLITICS -Variables

• Ease of doingbusiness

• Legal & regulatoryframework

• Risk of politicalstability

• Protection of propertyrights

Decision Uses

• Retail Store Location,Supply Network,Sourcing and ManuLocation

• R&D Center,Innovation Hubs,Trade & CommercePioneers

• Banking & Finance

CONNEX BDecision Uses

Retail Store Location,Supply Network,Sourcing and ManuLocation

R&D Center,Innovation Hubs,Trade & CommercePioneers

Banking & Finance

INFRASTRUCTUREVariables

• TransportationInfrastructure

• Utility Infrastructure

• Telecommunication &Connectivity

INFRASTRUCTURE - A

Utility Infrastructure

Telecommunication &

Data Sources

• World EconomicForum

• CIA World Factbook

• Eurostat, RegionalStatistic Bureaus

• World Bank

• IMF, OECD Library

INFRASTRUCTUREVariables

• TransportationInfrastructure

• Utility Infrastructure

• Telecommunication &Connectivity

Decision Uses

• Different RegionsPreferrableDifferent Purposes(Producing, Sourcing,Retail, Selling)

• Connectivity,Determines DecisionsOn Outsourcing,Offshoringetc.

INFRASTRUCTURE - BDecision Uses

Different RegionsPreferrable ForDifferent Purposes(Producing, Sourcing,Retail, Selling)

Connectivity,Determines DecisionsOn Outsourcing,Offshoring, Insourcingetc.

COMPETENCEVariables

• Labor Relations

• Education Level

• LogisticsCompetence

• Customs & Security

COMPETENCE - CONNEX A

Customs & Security

Data Sources

• WEF GCI, NationalLabor Statistics,Eurostat, OECD

• National Bureaus ForEducation

• WTO PerformanceIndex

• Defense Offices

COMPETENCEVariables

• Labor Relations

• Education Level

• LogisticsCompetence

• Customs & Security

Decision Uses

• Sourcing,Manufacturing, Retail

• E-Logistics

• Six Sigma, TotalQuality

• Just In TimeManufacturing,Express Logistics

COMPETENCE - CONNEX BDecision Uses

Sourcing,Manufacturing, Retail

commerce,Logistics

Six Sigma, TotalQuality Managament

Just In TimeManufacturing,Express Logistics

EPIC - WEIGHTING

P POLITICSEase of Doing Business |Bureaucracy & Corruption |Legal & Regulation | Tax &Tariffs | Stability

E ECONOMYEconomic Output | PotentialGrowth | Attract FDI | SteadyROI

I INFRASTRUCTUREPhysical | Energy | Telecom

C COMPETENCEProductivity | Labor Relations |Availabily of Skilled Labor |Level of Training & Education

WEIGHTING 43

15%POPULATION

ECONOMY30% of total EPIC score

EXCHANGERATE

EPIC - WEIGHTING

ECONOMICOUTPUT

ECONOMYtotal EPIC score

WEIGHTING

FRAMEWORK

POLITICS20% of total EPIC score

INTELLECTUALPROPERTY

EPIC - WEIGHTING

EASE OF DOINGBUSINESS

45%POLITICALSTABILITY

25%LEGAL

FRAMEWORK

POLITICStotal EPIC score

INTELLECTUAL

WEIGHTING 45

PHYSICAL

INFRASTRUCTURE30% of total EPIC score

EPIC - WEIGHTING

CONNECTIVITY

45%ENERGY

25%PHYSICAL

INFRASTRUCTUREtotal EPIC score

WEIGHTING 46

COMPETENCE

COMPETENCE20% of total EPIC score

CUSTOMS ANDSECURITY

EPIC - WEIGHTING

LABORRELATIONS

45%EDUCATION

LEVELS

25%LOGISTICS

COMPETENCE

COMPETENCEtotal EPIC score

WEIGHTING 47

A global supply chain requires asound decision making ground

which is composed ofinterdisciplinary, interdependent

and international layers

EPIC – REVISED

The EPIC approach provides asystematic and structures way toevaluate the global terrain withrespect to an organizations(prospective) supply chainactivity

RESULT

REVISED 48

Introductionof EPIC

EPIC – NEXT

EPICchallenge

FINISH

EPIC inaction

NEXT STEPS 49

East Asia is a geographic regionthat encompasses the ancientcultural and economic centres ofChina, Japan, and the Koreas.

East Asia

The countries of Central andEastern Europe are all thecountries covered by the formerEastern bloc as any otherEuropean country that does notbelong to Western Europe.

Central & Eastern Europe

EPIC - CASESWHAT‘S NEXT ?

Western Europe is the regioncomprising the westerly countriesof Europe.

Western Europe

North and Central America standfor the countries USA; Canadaand Mexico with its adjacentcountries and islands that doesnot belong to any other region.

North & Central America

CASES 50

Unit 3: Next Steps

WHY AM I

AM I HERE? 52

WHY AM I

AM I HERE? 53

EPIC -

03Infrastructure

Competence

INTRO01

Economics

Politics

Variables

EPIC - ASSESSMENT

Data Sources

Decision Uses

ASSESSMENT 55

EPIC - WEIGHTING

WEIGHTING 56

Introductionof EPIC

EPIC – NEXT

EPICchallenge

FINISH

EPIC inaction

NEXT STEPS 57

East Asia

EPIC - CASES

Western Europe

CASES 58

C1: IKEA TO RUSSIA

C1: IKEA TO RUSSIA 59

Import necessary – butlocal sourcing could be

developed

Logistics

IKEA came to Russia whenall other international

companies decided to leaveRussia

Background

From 2000 to 2008 IKEAinvested 2.5 billion EUR inRussia and became a top

10 investor in Russia

Investment

Service growing middleclass with limited financialmeans

Value Proposition60

I | 30%Physical

Infrastructure (Air,Rail, Railroad,

Waterways) | Energy| Telecom

E | 30%Economic Output |Potential Growth |

Attract FDI | SteadyROI

EPIC Analysis 61

C | 20%Productivity | LaborRelations |Availability of SkilledLabor | Level ofTraining & Education

EPIC Analysis

C2: COMAC TO W

C2: COMAC TO W-EUR 62

The Commercial Aircraft Corporation ofChina, Ltd. ("Comac") is a Chinese state-owned aerospace manufacturer establishedon 11 May 2008 in Shanghai. The companyhas a registered capital of USD 2.7 billion asof May 2008. This government-ownedcorporation is designing and will eventuallybuild large passenger aircraft with a capacityof over 150 passengers to reduce thecountry's dependency on Boeing and Airbus.Therefore, China invests more money thanthe EU did when Airbus was formed.

In June 2011 COMAC and Irish low-costairline Ryanair signed an agreement to co-operate on the development of the C919, a200-seat single-aisle aircraft which willcompete with the Boeing 727.

May 2008 Foundation

Dec 2009Start C919

2018 First delivery /commercial roll-out of C919

Nov 2010 C919Presentation of C919prototype on airshow

COUNTRY ORDERS

Thailand 10

USA 20

IrelandCooperation

Agreement (COMAC &RYANAIR)

IRELAND

EPIC Analysis

COUNTRY ORDERS

China ~ 500

India ~ 10

(COMAC & Europe ???

THAILAND

IRELAND

64EPIC Analysis

C3: TESLA TO E

C3: TESLA TO E-EUR 65

Disruptive understandingof mobility of the 21st

century

Technology

Create most compelling carcompany by driving the

world‘s transition to electricvehicles

Vision / Mission

Aim is to leverage theunique benefit of

electric powertrain

SpiritRelentlessInnovation

Nikola TeslaSerbian scientist who created the AC

power system and is the „father ofradio“, re-invented the dynamo andinvented the induction motor. As an

old man he lived in poverty

Create most compelling carcompany by driving the

world‘s transition to electricvehicles

Vision / Mission

Integration is key todeliver a system that isgreater than sum-of-

IP & PP

TESLA spend severalyears to understandthe large market

before they entered.

ANALYSE

TESLA‘s vision: create the most compelling car company ofthe 21st century by driving the world‘s transition to electricvehicles.

“Second place should need a telescope to see us”

TESLA spend severalyears to understandthe large market –

before they entered.

From battery cells to the gearbox more than 250 patentswere awarded to TESLA

delivering a comprehensive,yet proprietary technology

EXECUTE

A culture of relentless& disruptive productapproach mixed with

an re-inventedcustomer experience

IMPLEMENT

TESLA‘s vision: create the most compelling car company ofthe 21st century by driving the world‘s transition to electric

“Second place should need a telescope to see us” –Elon Musk

C4: SBERBANK TO USA

C4: SBERBANK TO USA 68

Founded in 1841 Sberbank hasfocused on domestic banking thatcreates > 95% of revenues

With a focused culture of >17.500branches and 200.000 employeesin Russian Federation Sberbank isready to open up to internationalcultures

A unique position in growingdomestic markets and as a linkbetween Europe, Asia and theMiddle East. Sberbank facesmultiple opportunities

The Russian banking market is one of the mostattractive among high growth markets in terms ofrevenues and profitability. The US banking secto

provides the largest net revenues world

The Russian banking market is one of the mostattractive among high growth markets in terms ofrevenues and profitability. The US banking sector

provides the largest net revenues world-wide and is yetone of the most regulated one.

Growth Meets Attractiveness

Introductionof EPIC

EPIC – NEXT

EPICchallenge

FINISH

EPIC inaction

NEXT STEPS 71

Unit 4: The Challenge

WHY AM IAM I HERE? 73

WHY AM I

AM I HERE? 74

EPIC -

03Infrastructure

Competence

INTRO01

Economics

Politics

Variables

EPIC - ASSESSMENT

Data Sources

Decision Uses

ASSESSMENT 76

EPIC - WEIGHTING

WEIGHTING 77

East Asia

EPIC - CASES

Western Europe

CASES 78

Reflect YourPerformance /

Individual Performance

What Will YouUse Next Time

What Are YourKey Take-Aways

EPIC – LESSONS

Your TeamPerformance / Your

Individual Performance

What Worked BestAnd Second Best

What Will I TellOther People

LESSONS LEARNED80

Introductionof EPIC

EPIC – NEXT

EPICchallenge

FINISH

EPIC inaction

NEXT STEPS 81

C1: SWECO TO CHINA

Population (bn.) Urbanization

´06 ´13 ´06

The Chinese government knows that ifthis bubble is allowed to burst the marketfor residential and commercial properties

will fall into huge losses directlyimpacting the entire banking sector.

PolicyChina‘s fast-developing poses challenges

on the construction sector. In the pastbuilding investment projects are beingfinanced for the sake of sector / GDP

growth rather than to meet real demand.

Economy

Construction Sector in ChinaAn overblown market ?

Urbanization Flats sold (mln.)

06 ´13 ´06 ´13

The Chinese government knows that ifthis bubble is allowed to burst the marketfor residential and commercial properties

will fall into huge losses directlyimpacting the entire banking sector.

PolicyAccess to better education for a broader

population has led to higher livingstandards. Real per capita disposable

household income has doubled over thelast 10 years.

Competence

Construction Sector in China –An overblown market ?

prices in China are50% lower than in

Consumer

1.2trillionUSD

spent $ 1.2 trillionfor construction in

of every dollarspent on

construction in theAsia-Pacific were

spent in China

41 cents

½billion

past 30 years,more than 500million Chinese

have moved to thecities.

Over the

income is in partdue to the shortage

of blue collarworkers whichcame to the

economic forefrontin 2010. Employershave been forced

to offer higher pay.

The rise of 85owners devote 30 -50% of their money

to mortgagerepayments

Avrg. home

C2: AMERICAN WATER TOW-EUR

C2: AMERICAN WATER TOEUR

At T Minus 16 Seconds in the launch sequence of NASA‘sspace shuttlethe release of water from a 290stands next to theCenter.

The water has nothing to do with damping the heat or fire fromthe shuttle‘s motor. It acts as a sound suppressant. Theshuttles rockets are so loud that without the soundcushion of water, the roar from the engines would bounce offthe metal and concrete base of the pad and seriously harm thespacecraft.

In the United States and the developed world, we have spentthe last hundred years in a kind of aquatic paradise: our waterhas been abundant, safe and cheap.

The good news is that most of what we know about waterinsn’t really wrong, because we don’t know that much. Thebad news is that the invisibility of water in our lives isn’t goodfor us, and isn’t good for water

Wateryou don‘t understand 88

At T Minus 16 Seconds in the launch sequence of NASA‘sspace shuttle programme the launch control computers triggerthe release of water from a 290-foot-high water tank thatstands next to the launchpad at Florida‘s Kennedy Space

The water has nothing to do with damping the heat or fire fromthe shuttle‘s motor. It acts as a sound suppressant. Theshuttles rockets are so loud that without the sound-absorbingcushion of water, the roar from the engines would bounce offthe metal and concrete base of the pad and seriously harm thespacecraft.

In the United States and the developed world, we have spentthe last hundred years in a kind of aquatic paradise: our waterhas been abundant, safe and cheap.

The good news is that most of what we know about waterreally wrong, because we don’t know that much. The

bad news is that the invisibility of water in our lives isn’t goodfor us, and isn’t good for water

Water – you can‘t appreciate whatyou don‘t understand

DIVERSEAmerican Water is engaged inprovoding water andwastewater utility services to15 million people in over 47states of the US.

EXPENSIVEWater policies are driven byboth member states and theEuropean Union making itsprovisions costly and timely tocomply with

COMPLEXAmerican Water divides itsbusiness in two segments:regulated business andmarket-based operations.

15Million

DIVERSEAmerican Water is engaged in

water andwastewater utility services to15 million people in over 47

500Billion EUR

EXPENSIVEWater policies are driven byboth member states and theEuropean Union making itsprovisions costly and timely to

47States

C3: EBAY TO CHINA

In China ebay experienced severecompetition from a local competitor

Alibaba Group was founded in 1999 by 18 people led by Jack Ma, a former teacher fromHangzhou, China. Since launching its first website helping small Chinese exporters,

manufacturers and entrepreneurs to enter the international market,into a global leader in online and mobile commerce.

experienced severecompetition from a local competitor

Group was founded in 1999 by 18 people led by Jack Ma, a former teacher fromHangzhou, China. Since launching its first website helping small Chinese exporters,

manufacturers and entrepreneurs to enter the international market, Alibaba Group has growninto a global leader in online and mobile commerce.

Cloudstorage

C2Ce-commerce

Mobilemessaging

Carsharing

B2Ce-commerce

Cloudservices

Onlinepayments

C4: SOLARIS TO USA

Gives AccessAccess to public

transportation providesaccess to job opportunities

for millio Amercans

Saves MoneyThe average household

spends 17.5 cents of every$ on transportation, the

largest expenditure afterhousing

Impacts Your CommunityMore than 1.1 million jobs arecreated or sustained per yearbecause of public transportation

Saves Fuel – ReducesCongestionAmericans save 865 millionhours in travel time and 450million gallons of fuelannually in congestionreduction alone

PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION MATTERS

$1communities invest inpublic transportation

generates $ 4 in economicreturn

10.7billion trips on publictransportation were

taken by Americans in2013

7,100organizations

provided publictransportation in the

PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION MATTERS

7,100organizations

provided publictransportation in the

400 kpeople were employed in publictransportation in a $ 58 billion

industry

C5: M-PESA

PESA TO INDIA

M-Pesa (M for mobile, pesa is Swahili for money)is a mobile phone-based money transfer,financing and microfinancing service, launched in2007 by Vodafone for Safaricom and Vodacom,the largest mobile network operators in Kenyaand Tanzania

Banking innovationfor the developingworld

The service enables its users to: deposit and withdrawmoney, transfer money to other users and non-pay bills, purchase airtime and transfer moneybetween the service and a bank account. Expansionplans cover banking services like interest-bearingaccounts, loans, and insurance.

The service enables its users to: deposit and withdraw-users,

and transfer moneyExpansionbearing

M-Pesa customers candeposit and withdrawmoney from a networkof agents that includesairtime resellers andretail outlets acting asbanking agents.

A winning strategy:customer value

M-Pesa And The Rise Of The Global MobileMoney MarketSince then, M-Pesa has undergone explosive growth: in 2013, a staggering 43 percent ofKenya’s GDP flowed through M-Pesa, with over 237 million personthe first quarter of 2015, there were over 900 million mobile subscribers in Africa, and 3.7billion in Asia.

2007 20130

43%2007

And The Rise Of The Global Mobile

has undergone explosive growth: in 2013, a staggering 43 percent of, with over 237 million person-to-person transactions. In

the first quarter of 2015, there were over 900 million mobile subscribers in Africa, and 3.7

2014 2015

237MILLION

4.6BILLION

Introductionof EPIC

EPIC – NEXT

EPICchallenge

FINISH

EPIC inaction

NEXT STEPS 102

NEXT:PRESENTATIONS

NEXT: YOURPRESENTATIONS

20% (trade)

GRADING

Presentation40% (I / T)

ClassParticipation

FINISH

GRADING 104

„TheChallenge“30% (I / T)

5% Dropbox Keeper

5% Dropbox Class

READING

READING 105

NOTES 106

NOTES 107

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