game mechanics: learning as a multiplayer experience
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withDr. Kevin LimNMiEF 2011 @ Innova JC22nd June 2011
Gamemechanics
Learning as a multiplayerexperience
“Passionate Teacher / Sleeping Students”at Yale Law School entrance frieze
http://www.henrytrotter.com/scholarship/yale-law-school-sculpture.html
“Passionate Students / Indifferent Teacher”at Yale Law School entrance frieze
http://www.henrytrotter.com/scholarship/yale-law-school-sculpture.html
PUSHHow to naturalize
learning objectives.
Students everywhere using FacebookHere’s a Russian clone, VKontakte.ru
PULLDiscover the hook of
social networks.
Teachable Moments Cartoon by Matthew Henry Hall (Jan 2007)http://www.insidehighered.com/views/teachable_moments/cartoon24
Printed “essays” and “response papers” used in
many classrooms traditionally promoted a closed dialogue between the student and teacher.
In contrast, social networks allowed for an open multi-logue among the student, his or her
peers, the instructor, and the potential public.
When Derek Lackaff and I taught our Internet
communication courses back in Spring 2007, we tried to see if blogging could support a truly
active and collaborative learning experience.
Our Story
We also worked it into a multiplayer
game.
Our Magic Sauce
Michael Heilemann’s 25 Most Influential Gameshttp://www.flickr.com/photos/heilemann/5013484/
I'm interested in how game mechanics acts as a form of architecture that doesn't necessary focus on restriction, but rather stimulates specific behaviors.
From video games to real-world settings such as classrooms, we can be steered towards socially productive ends, e.g. to override tragedy of the commons
Why this is interesting...
Casual games consist of...
a crazy collection of addictive mini-games
drive the player to perform trivial tasks
in pursuit of the almighty “dollar”.
Real-life consists of...
a tired collection of boring mini-games
drive the player to perform trivial tasks
in pursuit of the almighty “dollar”.
Photo by flickr user: kenyee
Labor
need not be
laborious
making house / work chores fun... chorewars.com
Epic Win
http://www.nytimes.com/2009/01/31/science/earth/31compete.html
The Panic Status Board
The Panic Inc. Status Board as seen on http://www.panic.com/blog/2010/03/the-panic-status-board/
How the heckdo we create
fun ?
What makes popular social platforms addictive?
To motivate students, I tried using Amy Jo Kim's game mechanics (2006)
Visible ScoreboardVisible Scoreboard
Amy Jo Kim explained game mechanicswith how Frequent Flyer Miles work
Photo by flickr user: Nemo's great uncle (Aug, 2008)
“I see a game mechanics working well on sites like YouTube, Yelp, Twitter, and Flickster. [...] like points, leaderboards, level-ups, social exchanges, and customization to a strong core experience.”
Amy Jo KimCreative DirectorShuffleBrain
Five Game Mechanics1. Collecting2. Earning Points3. Feedback4. Exchanges5. Customization
Amy Jo KimCreative DirectorShuffleBrain
Amy Jo Kim’s idea was in the presence of a scoring mechanism.
Established a blogging leaderboard via technorati.com authority ranking algorithm.
Provide our students a basic measure of how they were doing against one another.
Students also given weekly audits of the class overall performance.
Earning Points
For quality blog posts, students earned weekly awards
Variety of awards promotes diverse behaviors
Awards can be traded for extra credits or the ability to gain “immunity” from extra assignments.
Collecting Things
Comments and trackback allow students to understand the quality of the blog and wiki contribution.
Students are given the opportunity to improve on posts if they have not reached the assignment deadline.
Accessibility of feedback allows students to accelerate mastery in each week’s theme.
Feedback
Students instinctively personalized their blogs by the first week of use.
Low level: Blog templates
High level: Sidebar widgets
Social Objects- personal photos- favorite music- branding- chat box
Customization
To track the layers of interaction, we visually aggregated RSS feeds of their blogs and wikis using Netvibes.com
Exchanges
ReciprocityPerhaps the most anticipated factor
that motivates people to give.
ReputationThe willingness to help others can all work to increase one's prestige in a
community.
Sense of EfficacyThe feeling an individual has that makes them feel that they have some effect on the environment
around them.
NeedOne may produce and contribute a public good for the simple reason that a person or the groups as a
whole has a need for it.
AttachmentThe commitment one has to the
group, one’s utility.
Side-effectPrivate behavior makes cost of
sharing near zero.
Motivations for Contributing
Title : JFDI Academy - http://jedi.ddns.comp.nus.edu.sgModule : CS1101S Programming Methodology @ NUSProfessor : Ben Leong / Collaborator : Su Yuen
The Third PlaceBeing a shared space means fairly equal standing in power
Motivates the user by choice (self-interest) over coercion
InformalityInformal channels allow for more spontaneous interaction.
Distinguishing motivation for using Facebook vs. Blackboard
Capturing Spontaneity
Image Source: http://mchabib.com/2006/10/05/digital-library-as-third-place/
The Digital Divide in terms of video media literacy (Stavchansky, 2006)
!
Digital Divide- Parallel Backchannels- Participatory Literacy- Polarized Performance
Open to Subversion- Private vs. Public discourse- Opposing learning objectives- Community self-moderation
Swings both ways...
Dealing with Complexity
http://maxpictures.com/weblog/2007/04/11/product-placement/
One more thing...
I work at The National Art Gallery, Singapore
foursquare iPhone app location-aware gaming with virtual & real-world rewards
art.sg/307
Artwork as Social Objects
✦ rapid & economical✦ shared experiences✦ game mechanics✦ granular analytics
If you are on twittershare your thoughts
@brainopera
Thank You
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