gamaeil under the crusader’s rule

ISSN 1726-6807 http://www.iugaza.edu.ps/ar/periodical/

Gamaeil under the Crusader’s rule

Abstract: This study is about the Palestinian village ’’Jamaeil”, its

location and borders and water sources. It handles the control of the

Crusaders over it in 492 AH / 1099 AD, The profession of the residents of

the village was mainly farming .During that period, The village then became

the property of the feudal Lord of Nablus ,after the fall of the city. According to the feudal Crusader system, the agricultural land, the peasants who

worked in it, as well as the herds of cattle were all the property of the feudal lord. The

peasants used to work in the land in return for a portion of the Crop, and offer a

quarter or one third of the Crop to the lord, in addition to the extra tax that was

imposed on them by the lord three times a year. The villagers resisted this policy

through civil disobedience instigated by scientists and scholars like sheikh Ahmad Bin

Qudamah.

The Crusaders were alert to this activity of these scholars of Jamaeil and tried to

arrest them, but they failed because these scholars were able to migrate to Damascus.

They faced substantial hard ships and difficulties. While in Damascus, they furthered

and mastered their knowledge and contributed to enriching the cultural movement in

the Muslim world, as well as their participation in liberating Palestine and the

neighbor hoods from the grip of the Crusaders.

344

345

346

Godfrey of

Bouillon

)

347

Ronnie Ellenblum

Rais

Regulus

348

Balian

Baldwin

Philippe de Milly

349

350

351

/

“”

352

/

/

/

/

353

354

Marda

Robret Le Moine

Robert Le Moine,Historia Iherosolimtana ,Ed.,R.H.C-

OCC.,tomeIII,Paris1866 p.871.

Godfrey of Bouillon

Ida

Fulcher of Charters, A history of the Expedition to Jerusalem,p.124, William of

Tyre,A History of deeds done beyond the Sea,vol.1,pp.385-386, Cf. also :

Besant , W., and palmer ,E.H.,Jerusalem , the City of Herod and saladin

.London 1888,p .213 Archer and kings ford ,op.cit.,p.93.Grousset , R.,Histoire

des Croisades ,Vol. I,paris 1948,p.169.deanesly,M ., A History of the Medieval

church . Cambridge, 1978,p.107. 31 Robert Le Moine,Historia Iherosolimtana ,Ed.,R.H.C- OCC.,tomeIII,Paris

1866, P.871.

31Enlart,C,Les Monumentes des Croises dan La Royaume de Jerusalem,

Paris1928. PP.282-283.

355

CF.Benvenisti,M.The Crusaders in the Holy Land ,Jerosalem 1976.pp.163,273.

M.,op.cit.,p.217. (17)Benvenisti,

Ibid.p.217 (18)

(19) Kohler,Ch. Chartes de l’Abbeye de Notre-Dame de la vallee de Josophat en

Terre-saint, in R. O.l.,tome xi, Paris 1899,pp.112,118-119,150-151,

Rohricht,R.,Regesta Regni Hierosolimitani,Innsboruk1893.,pp.10-11,2123,30,33-of Jerusalem,1099-1291A.D,London1897,p.196, Enlart,C.,vol.2,p.283, Benvenisti,

M.,op.cit.,p.21115 20

.

21 Rohricht,R.,Regesta ,doc.no.101,p.23,doc.no.129,32,Cf.also:Revue de

l’Orient Latin,7.1899,no.17,125-127,Ronnie Ellenblum,Frankish rural

settlement in the Latin Kingdom of Jerusalem.first edition,Cambridge

1998,p.224. 22Ellenblum,op.cit.,loc.citRonnie

23

356

paganusCf.Genvieve,B.B,La Cartulaire

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Jenat Shirly, Amsterdam 1979,p.139,Conder,The Latin Kingdom of

Jerusalem,London, 1897,pp.172-173 ,Benvenisti,p.20.

(28)Benvenisti,M.,op.cit.,p.20.

29

30

Richard,J.,op.cit,vol.1, p.139. Conder, op.cit,pp.172-

173,Benvenisti,op.cit.,p.20.

357

31

32

3

34

35

36

37

38

Balisian Barisan

Maria ComnenaAmalric I

/

358

Cf.William of Tyre,vol.2,pp.344-425, Estoire d,Eracles, L, Estoire d,Eracles

Empereur et de conquest de la Terre d, outré mer.tome 2 ,Paris

1859,pp.48,68,Ambroise ,The Crusade of Richard Lion-Heart, tr .from the old

French by M.J., Hubert , New York , 1941 p . 332 note 8 Jaen d’lbelin le livere

de Jean d’lbelin in Assises de Jerusalem, tome I, Paris 1881,p.424.Cf.also :Rey

,Les Familles d’outre –mer de du cange,Paris 1869, p 409- Grousset ,R,Histoire

des Croisades et du Royaume France de Jerusalem, vol.2 , paris 1948.504,609

,Riley –Smith J., The feudal Nobility of the kingdom of Jerusalem (1174-

1277)London1973,p.108.

39

40 Philippe de Milly

Addison

Willam of Tyre ,Vol . 2,pp.218.260-Cf.also: Addison C.H.G., The knights

Templars , London 1842,pp.54-58 41 Jaen d’lbelin, le livere de Jean d’lbelin, in Assises deJerusalem,Tome 2,

Paris 1881,p45Rohricht,R.,Regesta,p.96-97,Cf.also: Rey ,E.G.,Les Familles

d’outre –mer de du Cange,Paris 1869,p.403,Rey,Les seingneurs de Mont-

Real in R.O.L. tome IV,Paris1896.,p.20,Schlumberger,G.,Trois Sceaux et

deux Mannales de L’Poque des Croisades ,in A.R.L.,tom1.Paris

1881,p.667,Deschamps,P., La defence du Royaume de Jerusalem,Les

Chateaux des Croises,vol.2,Paris 1939,p.48. Richard,J.,op.cit,vol.1,p p.79-

80. 42Baldwin Ulric

Melisende

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266,Rohricht,R.,Regesta,Doc.No.400,p.105, La Monte,J.,The Viscounts of Naplouse in

the twelfth century,dans Syria,vol.xix1938,pp272-276.

.110,

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8

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