from compromise to conflict what events led to the division of the united states and the civil war?

From Compromise to Conflict

What events led to the division of the United States and the Civil War?

Sectionalism• Description: The North, South and

West had differing views on:

Tariff

Labor

States’ rights

• How did it lead to war?

The section controlling the gov’t (North, due to population) set policies (tariff) that angers the other (the South)

Cotton Gin 1793• Description: Eli Whitney’s invention quickly

cleans cotton• How did it lead to war?

- Increased demand for slaves

- South will fight any threat to

slave system

Missouri Compromise 1820• Description: To keep senate balanced- Missouri

admitted as a slave state, Maine as free- No slavery above 36-30 line

• How did this lead to war?- South is angry because they are left

with little territory

Underground Railroad 1830-1865

Description: Network of

slave routes to the North and Canada

- Led by “conductors”, such as Harriet Tubman

How this led to war:- Southerners felt the

North was stealing their property- Felt the government

was not looking out for the South

John Brown’s Raid on Harper’s Ferry- 1859• Description: Abolitionist led

18 men to federal arsenal in VA

- Wanted to arm slaves for a massive uprising

How this led to war: - to Northerners he’s

a hero- to Southerners he’s

a criminal

Group Projects(:• Each sign (make it horizontal-use ink or

markers) must contain (to show on the Elmo):

1) Information describing the event and how it helped lead to the civil war

2) 1 - 3 pictures detailing the event with brief descriptions/captions

• Each member of the group is responsible for one portion of the final poster (1-2 writers and 1-2 illustrators/caption writers) Sign your names! <

Causes of the Civil War _______ pages in text1.Nat Turner 390-91; 4212.Comp. of 1850 440-41; 4463.Fugitive Slave Law 441-43; 4464.Uncle Tom’s Cabin 443; 4445.Kansas-Neb. Act446-47;450-516.Dred Scott 451-537.Election of 1860 457-498. Wilmot Proviso &

Free soil party 438-399. Lincoln-Douglas 453-54

debates

Nat Turner 1831

• Description:

-Turner was treated well by his master

- Learned to read

- Had vision & led revolt that killed over 50 whites

Rebellion • How this led to war:Showed northerners that slaves

were not happyHarsh laws and slave codes passed Pushed abolitionists to fight harder

Compromise of 1850

Description:

1) California=free state2) Popular Sovereignty

(people vote) to decide new areas of Utah-NM3) Slave Trade in D.C.

abolished4) Fugitive Slave Law is

strengthened

How this led to war:- Northerners outraged by Fugitive Slave Law- Southerners angry that CA upset balance in Senate- This solves nothing; everyone is unhappy

Fugitive Slave Law 1850

• Description: Part of Compromise of 1850- Required all northern citizens to help return slaves- Anyone found helping runaways could be fined/ jailed

• How this led to war: - Northerners angry at being forced to support slavery- Southerners come North looking for their property- North ignores the law, which angers the South

Uncle Tom’s Cabin 1852

• Description: Book written by Harriet Beecher Stowe, a white, northern woman

- Showed slavery as brutal and cruel-the North saw the horrors of slavery

- Simon Legree is an evil slave owner

• How this led to war:- Southerners said it was a lie and their slaves were treated better than factory workers- Changed opinion of many in the North- “the little lady who…made this big war”

Kansas-Nebraska Act 1854• Description: Organized

territory to encourage settlement- Popular Sovereignty (people vote) to decide slave or free

• Citizens of North and South move into Kansas so they can vote

• How this led to war:- Thousands of proslavery and antislavery settlers flock to the area

- When it came time to vote slave or free, people armed themselves to “persuade” others to vote their way

- “Bleeding Kansas” further divides the country

-Order is restored, but many die

Dred Scott Case 1857

• Description: Dred was a slave owned by an Army doctor who traveled often to the north.

- Dred said he was free because he had lived on free soil

The Supreme Court ruled: Scott, a slave, is NOT a citizen and

cannot sue Scott was property and property cannot

be taken away, anywhere… Congress could not prohibit slavery

anywhere

How this led to war: - This basically said slavery could

now take place in the North - Northerners were furious

Description: Many southern states threaten to secede if Lincoln is elected- 4 candidates runa. Douglas (Dem.)- Popular Sovereigntyb. Breckenridge (Dem.)- Slavery could exist anywherec. Bell (Dem.)- Slavery in South and Westd. Lincoln (Rep.)- Slavery must not spread

• How this led to war?- Lincoln wins with NO southern states voting for him (electoral college ruled by the north)- South feels powerless in the United States (North dominates congress and executive branch)- South Carolina secedes Dec. 1860, others follow

Wilmot Proviso & Free Soil Party

• Proviso stated: neither slavery or involuntary servitude shall exist in any part of the territory

• The House passed it, but the South had too much power in the Senate, and it was defeated

• This led to sectionalism• Anti-slavery northerners started the Free Soil

Party which supported the Wilmot Proviso

Lincoln Douglas Debates

• Campaign for senate

• Lincoln stressed the central issue was slavery in the West

• Douglas believed in popular sovereignty (states’ rights/let the territories decide)

• How it led to war?

• Central dividing issue