from armm to the bangsamoro: issues, opportunities and perils

www.armm.gov.ph

From ARMM to the Bangsamoro:

ISSUES, OPPORTUNITIES AND PERILS

Atty. Laisa Masuhud Alamia

Executive Secretary, ARMM

Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao

• 48.7% poverty incidence

• 30 municipalities prone to

armed conflict

• 36 municipalities prone to

hazard

• 5 provinces

• 2 cities

• 116 municipalities

• 2,490 barangays

Source:ARMM HEART, Office on Civil Defense, GRM International (Survey Mapping the Conflict in Mindanao), DENR-MGB, PhiVolcS

A. Overall Situation (ARMM)

• ARMM is the poorest region in the country at 48.7 poverty

incidence rate as of 2012. Lanao del Sur is the poorest province in the

country at 67.3 percent, and Maguindanao at 54.5 percent.

• GRDP has grown to 3.6 percent as of 2013, from negative 0.3%

GRDP in 2011. This has been attributed to improved delivery of

services and a more favorable investment climate due to the ongoing

reform agenda and the peace process.

• However, the development challenges in the area remain. This is

exacerbated by intergenerational cycles of conflict, insecurity, and

displacement in the region since 1970’s.

Waves of displacement in the recent past include:

• At least 982,000 persons displaced during the 2000 “all-out-

war”;

• Renewed AFP operations in the Buliok Complex in 2003

resulted in a net displacement figure of about 400,000 IDPs;

• During the aftermath of the aborted Memorandum of

Agreement on Ancestral Domain (MOA-AD) in 2008, the

NDCC reported an estimated 145,730 families or 728,659

persons uprooted by the fighting;

• Controlled special operations against the MILF breakaway

group BIFF in the aftermath of the 25 January 2015

Mamasapano tragedy has caused the displacement of more

than 125,000 people in the second district of Maguindanao.

Violent Conflict in ARMM (2011-2014)

Source: Bangsamoro Conflict Monitoring System, World Bank

952

1,492

1,324

855

304

766

422

981

620

87 -

400

800

1,200

1,600

Basilan Lanao del Sur Maguindanao Sulu Tawi-Tawi

Conflict incidents Conflict deaths

Source: Bangsamoro Conflict Monitoring System, World Bank

11,305

200

32,662

666 10

Basilan Lanao del Sur Maguindanao Sulu Tawi-Tawi

Source: Bangsamoro Conflict Monitoring System, World Bank

1.19 0.85

27.50 26.57

0.00

7.00

14.00

21.00

28.00

Conflict incidents Conflict deathsCo

nfl

ict

inci

de

nts

or

de

ath

s p

er

10

0 k

m2

non-SPMS Box within Maguindanao

SPMS Box

27

1090

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

non-SPMS Boxwithin

Maguindanao

SPMS Box

Dis

pla

ced

ho

use

ho

lds

pe

r 1

00

km

2

B. Overall Situation (Maguindanao) • Maguindanao suffers most in terms of disaster,

both natural and manmade. Based on the 2010 WB-WFP study on violent conflicts in CentralMindanao, Maguindanao is the province most affected by displacement.

• A large segment of hostilities have focused on this area, both during the Marcos regime and in recent years.

• Between 2000 and 2010, displacement affected four out of every five households in the province.

B. Overall Situation (2nd District, Maguindanao)

• Owing to the long-running Bangsamoro struggle, Maguindanao is home to various revolutionary armed groups such as the MNLF and the MILF. Also included are the BIFF and suspected private armed groups of influential clans in the province.

• At the core of the 2nd district of Maguindanao is the so-called “SPMS Box”, which has been historically designated by security forces as a “no-man’s land”.

• Of the 24 municipalities in the second district, a total of 15 municipalities were affected by military operations from March to May 2015, displacing 125,000 persons at its peak.

Poverty Incidence

FUNDING

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

48.70% 2012

POVERTY INCIDENCE

MAGNITUDE

39.90% 2009

212,4942009

271,3552012

Back

Trafficking-in-Persons (TIP)

TIP and GVB Cases, 2013-2015

2

1

Gender Based Violence (GBV)

2

1

3

1

2

3

PAPs Gap in ARMM

National Agency PAPs

PAPs implemented

in ARMM

No PAPs in ARMM

23 PAPs 9 PAPs 14 PAPs

Delayed Fund Releases/ Thru

RO IX, X, XII

Fully funded in the GAA

No fund Allocation

ARMM BUDGETYEAR AMOUNT (M)

2004 5,124.66

2005 6,981.83

2006 6,826.25

2007 8,644.32

2008 8,178.45

2009 9,448.96

YEAR AMOUNT (M)

2010 9,285.09

2011 11,788.46

2012 11,717.71

2013 17,290.17

2014 19,615.03

2015 24,299.81Hussin Admin, 2002-2005

Ampatuan Admin, 2005-2009

Adiong Admin, 2010-2011

Hataman Admin, 2012 to date

Gaps in PAPs Implementation

2015 National Programs

DEPED (23)

National Programs in

ARMM

DEPED (9)

Not Implemented in

ARMM

DEPED (14)

DWSD (9) DSWD (6) DSWD (1)

DOH (20) DOH (0) DOH (15)

DA (40) DA (34) DA (16)

DAR (19) DAR (17) DAR (2)

DILG (18) DILG (13) DILG (5)

DTI (7) DTI (0) DTI (7)Back

Gaps in PAPs Implementation

2015 National Programs

DENR (28)

National Programs in

ARMM

DENR (2)

Not Implemented in

ARMM

DENR (26)

DOLE (16) DOLE (0) DOLE (16)

DOST (4) DOST (2) DOST (2)

DOT (6) DOT (0) DOT (6)

DOTC (7) DOTC (0) DOTC (7)

TESDA (2) TESDA (2) TESDA (0)

BFAR (20) BFAR (14) BFAR (1)Back

Gaps in Health Facility

HFEP

2011

2012

2013

2014

2015

38.0%

ofBHS

COVERAGE

62.0%

ofBHS

GAP

Lack of BHS (88/200 barangays or 44%)

Gap in Health Facilities (as of 2015)

2/16

6/14

6/10 7/13

2/17

10/11

4/11

Hospitals

1 Rural Health Units per municipality

6/8

3/11

5/15

3/9

4/7

21/34

5/16

4/10

Access to Safe Drinking Water and Sanitary Toilets

Source: FHSIS, IPHO-Maguindanao

-

10.00

20.00

30.00

40.00

50.00

60.00

70.00

80.00

32.30

- -

64.41

34.68

65.89

-

64.61

40.50

62.43

-

40.96

- - -

16.1

0 0

71.9

34.8

27

-

56.3

19.622.6

-

12.1

- - -

Household with Access to Safe Drinking Water Household with Sanitary Toilet

Schools commonly used as evacuation centers

Enrolment (2nd District) S.Y. 2013-2014 Elementary: 79,085 pupilsSecondary: 16,364 students

Number of SchoolsElementary: 275Secondary: 34Madaris: 17

Dilapidated School Buildings

Dilapidated School Buldings

Rajah Buayan

1.Bakat ES

2.Sampao ES

3.Dansalan ES

Mamasapano

1.Pidsandawan ES

2.Linantangan ES

3.Libutan ES

4.Mamasapano CES

Shariff Saydona

1.Gumbay ES

2.Pamalian ES

3.Pikeg ES

Datu Piang

1.Liong PS

2.Alongan PS

3. Dado ES

4. Damabalas ES

Datu Saudi

1.Madia ES

2.Kitapok PS

Guindulungan

1.Kalumamis ES

2.Muslim ES

DAM

1.Nunangen ES

NAT Mean Percentage Scores

66.93

57.83

70.3774.22

70.3 67.99

48.8844.68

72.16

53.67

72.94

56.62

63.11

52.10

0.00

10.00

20.00

30.00

40.00

50.00

60.00

70.00

80.00

NATIONAL ACHIEVEMENT TEST FOR ELEMENTARY,SY 2013-2014

Source: DepEd-ARMM

POLICE STATIONS IN AFFECTED AREAS

Municipal Police StationsMamasapanoDatu UnsayShariff AguakRajah BuayanDatu HofferDatu Saudi AmpatuanGuindulunganTalayanTalitay (Sultan Sumagka)Datu Anggal MidtimbangDatu Odin SinsuatDatu PiangDatu Abdullah Sangki

With Structure

Without Structure

FIRE STATION AND FIRE TRUCKS IN AFFECTED AREASMunicipalities With Fire

StationsWithout

Fire

Stations

With Fire

Trucks

Without

Fire

Trucks

Mamasapano

Datu Unsay

Shariff Aguak

(1 Isuzu Morita pumper and 1 penetrator)

Datu Salibo

Rajah Buayan

Datu Hoffer

Datu Saudi Ampatuan

(1 Isuzu NPR mini pumper)

Guindulungan

Talayan

(1 Fire truck owned by LGU)

Talitay

Datu Anggal Midtimbang

Datu Odin Sinsuat

(1 Isuzu Morita Pumper and 2 firetrucks owned by LGU)

Datu Piang

(1 Nissan Pumper and 1 KIA CERES mini pumper)

D. Abdullah Sangki

Shariff Saydona Mustapha

With Fire Station

Without Fire Station

LOCAL STRUCTURES IN THE AFFECTED MUNICIPALITIES

MunicipalitiesP/C/M/BDC

P/C/M LUC

P/C/MPMC

Maguindanao / / /Mamasapano / / /Datu Unsay / / Non-

Functional

Shariff Aguak / Non-Functional

/

Datu Salibo / / /Rajah Buayan Non-

Functional

Non-Functional

Non-Functional

Datu Hoffer / Non-Functional

/

Datu Saudi Ampatuan

/ / /

Guindulungan / Non-Functional

Not Organized

Talayan / Non-Functional

Non-Functional

Talitay / Non-Functional

/

Datu Anggal Midtimbang

/ Non-Functional

Non-Functional

Datu Odin Sinsuat

/ / /

Datu Piang / Non-Functional

Non-Functional

Datu Abdullah Sangki

/ / /

Shariff Saydona Mustapha

Functional LDC

Non Functional LDC

OVERSIGHT COMMITTEE

• Not implemented

• Devolution of agencies and departments in ARMM not complete

• ARMM has no program funds; these are matters that are supposed to be discussed in the oversight committee as part of the devolution process

Devolution

• Incomplete devolution from national to regional, regional to local government units

• Regional government does not have direct authority over LGUs, particularly on utilization of funds (IRA) and implementation of programs

Reforms in ARMM

• Governance: Good Governance Conditions, ISO accreditation, GSIS issue resolution, “ghost-busting”

• Education• Public Works/Infrastructure• Civil Service• Investments/Economy• Employment/Livelihood Programs• Land issues: Cadastral Survey• Increased budget/program funds

But still….

• While corruption issues can be resolved, good governance measures can be implemented, and sustainable programs/projects can be implemented with impact at the grassroots level, there are structural defects within ARMM that can be resolved through the passage of the BBL.

THANKS!