free culture by lawerence lessig 1.creativity and innovation always builds on the past

free culture

ByLawerence Lessig

1. Creativity and innovation always builds on the past.

2. The past always tries to control the creativity that builds on it.

3. Free societies enable the future by limiting the past.

4. Ours is less and less a free society.

1710Statute of Anne

limited term14 years

1710Statute of Anne

limited term14 years

1710Statute of Anne

limited term14 years

1710Statute of Anne

limited term14 years

1710Statute of Anne

limited term14 years

Renewable x1 for 7 years

1710Statute of Anne

limited term14 years

Renewable x1 for 7 years21 years max

1731(1710 +

21)

1740sScottish publishers

reprint classics

1740sScottish publishers

reprint classics

1740sScottish publishers

reprint classics

London publishers:“copyright is forever”

London publishers:“copyright is forever”

Com

Common Law copyright

1774Donaldson v. Beckett

free cultureborn

1774Donaldson v. Beckett

free cultureborn

1774Donaldson v. Beckett

free cultureborn

1774Donaldson v. Beckett

free cultureborn

Shakespeare free

Free Shakespeare

freed culture

US Constitution

Progress Clause

To promote the progress of science and useful arts, by securing for limited times to authors and inventors the

exclusive right to their respective writings and discoveries

1790

First US Copyright law passed

1790unregulated creativity

“printing”free derivatives

14 years

1790unregulated creativity

“printing”free derivatives

14 years

1790unregulated creativity

“printing”free derivatives

14 years

1790unregulated creativity

“printing”free derivatives

14 years

1790free code

transparent technology

1790 “fourteen years”

maybe x2

to 42(1831)

56(1909)

59(1962)

61(1965)

63(1967)

64(1968)

65(1969)

66(1970)

67(1971)

68(1972)

70(1974)

75(1976)

95(1998)

Sonny Bono Copyright Term Extension Act

aka

Mickey Mouse Protection Act

US Constitution

Progress Clause

To promote the progress of science and useful arts, by securing for limited times to authors and inventors the

exclusive right to their respective writings and discoveries

Eldred vs Ashcroft

Eric Eldred

The Scarlet Letter

Hawthorne

“noncommercial publishing industry”

Robert Frost

1998Frost Poems Public Domain

Sonny Bono Copyright Term Extension Act

Frost Poems Public Domain2019

X

Eldred vs Ashcroft

Public DomainX

Fair Use?

What is Fair Use?

Legal limited use of copyrighted Material

1. the purpose and character of your use

2. the nature of the copyrighted work 3. the amount and substantiality of

the portion taken, and4. the effect of the use upon the

potential market.

?

1. the purpose and character of your use 2. the nature of the copyrighted work 3. the amount and substantiality of the portion

taken, and4. the effect of the use upon the potential

market.

lawyers

+

=No fair use

1. Creativity and innovation always builds on the past.

2. The past always tries to control the creativity that builds on it.

3. Free societies enable the future by limiting the past.

4. Ours is less and less a free society.

Eldred vs Ashcroft

Discussion

promote the progress of science and useful arts?

limited times?