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Renewable and Nonrenewable Resources

4.1 Energy and Mineral Resources

Renewable resources can be replenished over fairly short spans of time, such as months, years, or decades.

Nonrenewable resources take millions of years to form and accumulate.

Fossil Fuels (nonrenewable)

4.1 Energy and Mineral Resources

Fossil fuels are hydrocarbons that may be used as fuel, including coal, oil, and natural gas.

Fossil Fuels

4.1 Energy and Mineral Resources

Coal forms when heat and pressure transform plant material over millions of years.

Large coal deposits in US Mining scars land and is dangerous Burning causes air pollution – sulfur results

in acid rain – CO2 a greenhouse gas

Fossil Fuels

4.1 Energy and Mineral Resources

Petroleum (oil) and Natural Gas forms from plants and animals buried in ancient seas.(deposits are found on both land and under oceans)

Large deposits globally including US

Fossil Fuels

4.1 Energy and Mineral Resources

Fossil Fuels

4.1 Energy and Mineral Resources

Petroleum (oil) and Natural Gas Drilling can damage environment

especially from tar sands and shale which requires large amounts of water

Burning releases CO2

Anticlines Are Common Oil Traps

Alternative Energy ResourcesNuclear Energy (nonrenewable)

4.2 Alternate Energy Sources

In nuclear fission, (not fusion) the nuclei of heavy atoms such as uranium-235 are bombarded with neutrons.

The uranium nuclei split into smaller nuclei and emit neutrons and heat energy.

Diablo Canyon Nuclear Plant

Nuclear Energy (nonrenewable)

4.2 Alternate Energy Sources

Concerns remain about the use of nuclear energy safety. Accidents have occurred; radioactive material is dangerous and transport and disposal of material problematic. However it is mainly a nonpolluting method of generating electricity.

Solar Energy (renewable)

4.2 Alternate Energy Sources

1. Solar energy’s “fuel” is free.

Solar energy has two advantages:

2. Solar energy is non-polluting.

Solar energy has some disadvantages:

Wind Energy (renewable)

4.2 Alternate Energy Sources

In the next 50 to 60 years, wind power could meet between 5 to 10 percent of the country’s demand for electricity.

Wind Turbines

Hydroelectric Power

4.2 Alternate Energy Sources

The strong water flow that results drives turbines and electric generators.

The water held in a reservoir behind a dam is a form of stored energy that can be released through the dam to produce electric power.

Hydroelectric power is the power generated by falling water.

Glen Canyon Dam

Geothermal Energy

4.2 Alternate Energy Sources

Hot water is used directly for heating and to turn turbines that generate electric power.

Geothermal energy is harnessed by tapping natural underground reservoirs of steam and hot water.

The Geysers Is the World’s Largest Electrical Geothermal Facility

Tidal Power

4.2 Alternate Energy Sources

Tidal power is harnessed by constructing a dam across the mouth of a bay or an estuary in coastal areas.

The strong in-and-out flow of tidal water drives turbines and electric generators.

Tidal Dams

4.2 Historical Use of Energy

Timeline

4.2 Electrification of America

1750-1850 Industrial revolution (steam power, coal mining, iron, gas lights, cotton spinning)

1930-1950 Rural electrification of America.

Early 1900’s to about 1930 cities “wired” for electricity.

1879 Edison invents the light bulb.

1888 Tesla joins Westinghouse develops AC motor and power transmission system

4.2 Historical Use of Energy

4.2 Automobiles in America

1930 many people rode horses and use mass transit by 1950 most middle class owned a car.

1903 Ford Motor Company incorporated. 1928 campaign slogan “A chicken in every

pot and a car in every garage”.

4.2 Historical Use of Energy

4.2 World Population

1804 --- 1 Billion 1927 --- 2 Billion 1961 --- 3 Billion 1974 --- 4 Billion 1987 --- 5 Billion 1999 --- 6 Billion

4.2 Florida Sources of Energy

4.2 Florida Energy

FL has only minor gas/oil reserves

Solar, nuclear, biomass and wind options.

FL energy consumption among highest states in country (residential/transportation highest, industry low)

Possible large oil deposits off west coast

Ethanol from citrus peel waste?

Saving Energy