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Floral Production in High TunnelsFloral Production in High TunnelsChris MullinsChris MullinsVirginia State UniversityVirginia State University
Presentation Plan
Go over the “basics”Flower examplesTunnel examplesTips/toolsSources of materials
What is a High Tunnel?Resembles a conventional greenhouse Crops are grown in the p gsoil Season extension
Spring earlinessFall extension
Protects crops from adverse environmental conditions
Some Benefits of High Tunnel Crop Production
Extension of the spring and fall growing seasons 5-8 ̊ F
Reduced temperature and moisture fluctuations pduring the growing seasonReduced disease pressure Ability to use biological pest control More precise water and nutrient application through drip irrigation
High Tunnel vs. GreenhouseSimilarities
Quonset shapeMetal frame componentscomponentsCovered with plasticGrower is attempting to modify the environmentBoth require water service
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High Tunnel vs. GreenhouseGreenhouse
Electrical inputExhaust fans, evaporative cooling,
High TunnelNo electricity
No automated systems -no fans, heater, controls
heater, circulation fans
Crops usually grown in containersUsually permanentCost $$$Crops grown year-round
Crops grown in the ground, conventionallyTemporaryCost $Functions to extend the growing season, limited
High Tunnel
Single and multiple bay types
Frame ComponentsMetalBowsPurlinsPurlinsGround StakesHardwareEndwall bracesTrusses
Purlin
Bow
Brace
GroundStake
Baseboard, Hipboard, and Plastic Attachment
Baseboard attaches to ground stake and bowMakes seal against groundHipboard acts as base for poly attachment material
Polyethylene Covering6 mil1 or 2 layers4 year UV protected4 year UV protectedGreenhouse grade not construction gradeReplaced every 4-5 years
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EndwallsCoverFramingEquipmentEquipment movementPeople movement
Side CurtainCoolingRoll up or drop downUsually 4-6’ManualLeaks
Cut Flowers:Field vs. High Tunnel Why Grow Cut Flowers in a High Tunnel
Protection from rain, hail, and windSeason extensionCan shorten production timeCan shorten production timePossible stem length manipulationUsually better quality
“Hardening off” bedding plants
Cut Flower Examples
SnapdragonsLisianthusStockStockAnemoneSweet peaRanunculusDutch Iris
SnapdragonCan withstand cool temps.Winter and spring groupsgroupsHarvest with 1/3 stalk open6-8 weeks from transplantDon’t lay on their sidePotomac series
David Huffman
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Tom Campbell
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LisianthusKeeps well for customersThink about buying plugsNeed a layer of nettingMariachi and Echo seriesMariachi and Echo seriesMaintain adequate moistureAdd water soluble fertilizer through irrigationHarvest with 2-4 flowers open
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Tom Campbell
Tom Campbell
StockCool temps.FragrantCheerful seriesCheerful series
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Sweet PeaCool temps.Vertical trellisDirect seedDirect seedHarvest with 1/3 of florets openWinter Elegance series
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AnemoneJerusalem series4/5 and 5/6 sizeDay temps. <70º FCan handle slightly g ycooler temps. than ranunculusFrost fabricWell drained areaPre-germination treatmentApproximately $0.20 per corm
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RanunculusLa Belle seriesWell drained bedsDo best with daytime temps. <70º Ftemps. <70 FPre-germinate cormsPlant corms with “fingers” downFrost fabricApproximately $0.35 per corm
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Dutch IrisBlue and white varieties‘Ideal’ and ‘White Wedgewood’Wedgewood’Cut when “showing color”Want 20”+ stem lengthLittle fertilization needed
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Bedding Plants Haygrove Tunnels
Haygrove
Shade ClothLisianthus50%Possible stemPossible stem elongationApproximately $0.25/SF
Support NettingDavid Huffman
David Huffman
Tom Campbell
David Huffman
Harvest/Post-Harvest
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Irrigation
Now I’ve grown them…Think about:
Farmer’s market (stems and bouquets)bouquets)CSACut-your-ownFood serviceLocal retail shopsChurchesHotels/B&B’s
Internet Resources
http://www.hightunnels.org/ http://plasticulture.cas.psu.edu/
http://www.ascfg.org
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Book Resources
Lynn Byczynski, The Flower FarmerAllan Armitage, Specialty Cut Flowers
SuppliersFred C. Gloeckner & Company – 800-345-3787 – www.fredgloeckner.com
Gro’N Sell – 215-822-1276 – www.gro-n-sell.com
Atlas Greenhouse - 800-346-9902 - www.atlasgreenhouse.com
Berry Hill Irrigation 800 345 DRIP www berryhilldrip comBerry Hill Irrigation - 800-345-DRIP - www.berryhilldrip.com
Farmtek - 800-327-6835 – www.farmtek.com
Griffin Greenhouse - 804-731-0067 - www.griffins.com
Haygrove Tunnels - www.haygrove.co.uk
Ledgewood Farms - 603-476-8829 - www.ledgewoodfarm.com
Puckett Greenhouses – 800-782-5388 - www.puckettgreenhouses.com
Contact: Chris MullinsVirginia State UniversityPO Box 9081PO Box 9081 Petersburg, VA 23806(804) 524-5834cmullins@vsu.edu
Thank You.
Questions?
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