flightless birds and migration of birds

Flightless birds and Migration of birds

Sana Ahmed

Roll no. 22

Flightless birds

• Also called Running birds- lack ability to fly• Have smaller wings• Keel absent• Easiest to take care in captivity• More feathers than flying birds

Examples of Flightless birds..

Ostrich (Struthio camelus)

Emu (Dromaius novaehollanidae)

Kiwi (Apteryx australis)

Cassowary (Casuarius bennetti)

Rhea (Rhea americana)

Penguin (Pygosclis papua)

Flightless cormorant (Phalacrocorax harrisi)

Kakapo (Strigops habroptilus)

Migration of birds

• Flying birds do seasonal migration• First recorded 3000 years ago by ancient

Greek authors Homer and Aristotle• Migratory birds pay high costs in predation

and mortality• Time of migration is controlled by different

environmental changes

Types of migration

•Short distance migration•Long distance migration

Short distance migration

Merlin Pied thrush

Wallcreeper Woodland Kingfisher

Long distance migration

Arctic tern Humming bird

Warbler Wader

Migration triggers

• Changes in day length• Changes in food supplies• Lower temperature• Genetic predisposition• Hormonal changes

Threats to migratory birds

Conservation