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FireWaterAssociates,LLC
DOEInnovativeClean-UpApproaches
• UNITECHR3WORKSHOP• Chicago,IL• JUNE7,2019
• ReneeEchols• President
FirewaterAssociatesLLC
Introduction
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• Firewaterisawomanownedsmallbusinessestablishedin2009thatprovidesRadioactiveandHazardousWasteManagement,SecurityStaffing,ProjectManagement,andTransportationPlanningtotheNuclearIndustry.
• WeprovideconsultationtoDepartmentofEnergy(DOE)Complexincludingidentifyingdispositionpathwaysforlow-level,mixedlow-level,transuranicandhigh-levelwastestreams.
• DOEEMbudgetin2019=$7.2Bwithitsoverallliabilityatover$300Bandgrowing.Mostlegacycostareassociatedwithcleanupandwastedisposition.
• Thisdiscussioncentersaroundinnovativedispositionapproachesthatalsoprovidecostsavingstothegovernment.
FirewaterAssociatesLLC
DOESites
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FirewaterAssociatesLLC
CleanupFunding
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FirewaterAssociatesLLC
ChallengingWasteStreams
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• DOEgenerateslargevolumesofwastesfromweaponsproductionandnuclearenergyresearch.
• Manywastestreamsarelegacywastes(decadesold)andhaveradioactiveandhazardousconstituentsthatposechallengesforcomplianttransport,treatmentand/ordisposal.
• Manydifferentchallengesbutlargestcostsinclude:• Tankwastes(LLWbeingmanagedasHLW)• Mercurycontaminatedwastes• Reactivemetals(Sodiumand/orNaK)
FirewaterAssociatesLLC
TankWastes
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• DOEHanfordSiteinWAStateoccupiesover500squaremiles.
• LargestsinglefinancialliabilitytoDOEEM(billionsannually).
• Wastes,by-productofweaponsproductionoperations,havebeenstoredin177largeundergroundtanksfordecades.
• 56milliongallonsofwasteinthreeforms:• SludgesandSaltcake-approx.10%,• Liquid(supernate)–approx.90%.
• 80%ormoremaybeLLW/MLLWvsHLW.• Currentregulatoryrequirementistovitrifyall.
FirewaterAssociatesLLC �7
FirewaterAssociatesLLC
HanfordTankTypes
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Single-Shell Tank Double-Shell Tank
FirewaterAssociatesLLC
DOE’sCurrentPlan
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• DOE’sagreementwiththeStateofWArequiresall56Mgallonstobevitrifiedintoaborosilicateglassform.
• BechtelNationalhasbeencontractedtodesign,buildandstartuptheWasteTreatmentandImmobilizationPlant(WTP)andancillaryfacilities.
• Multi-billiondollarprojectwilldeployfirst-of-a-kindseparationandvitrificationtechnologiesin4majorfacilitiesand20supportfacilities.
• Mayonlybenecessaryforlessthan20%ofwastes.
FirewaterAssociatesLLC
InnovativeAlternativeTreatment
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• Acommercialteamhasdevelopedalternativetreatmentforportionof80%oftankwastesthatisundergoingtesting:
• Systemretrievesanddecontaminatestankwastebyfiltrationtoremovesuspendedsolids(Strontiumandtransuranics).
• Usesion-exchangetoreduceCs-137majordosecontributor.• AllowswastetobemanagedasLLWvsHLW.• Commercialtreatment,transportanddisposalprovidesmostcosteffectivewaytomanage.
FirewaterAssociatesLLC
MercuryContaminated
Facilities
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• Y-12NuclearWeaponsComplexinOakRidge,TNusedHginlithiumisotopeseparation(COLEXprocess)fornuclearweaponsproduction.
• Fourformerusebuildings(1.8millionft2)haveHgalongwithotherhazardousandradioactivecontaminantswithinorsurroundingthefacilities.
• MercuryrepresentslargestenvironmentalliabilityatOakRidge.
• BuildingsaredeterioratingandwillundergoD&Dwithinthenext5years.
FirewaterAssociatesLLC
ChallengesforD&D
• 24millionlbs.broughttoY-12from1950–1963:• ~1.3millionlbs.unaccountedfor:
• Air–~51,000lbs.• Water–~240,000lbs.• Soils/Sediments–Unknown• Buildingspills-~325,000lbs.• Processsystems-~60,000lbs.
• D&DmustbeaddresslargequantitiesofHg,difficulttodetectinsituandposethreattoworkersandtheenvironment.
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FirewaterAssociatesLLC
DOE’sCurrentPlan
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• Strategicplanning,disposalfacilitydevelopment,andregulatorydiscussionestablishingwastedisposalacceptance.
• TechnologyDevelopmentaddressingcharacterization,decontamination,personnelprotection,andwasteacceptance.
• InfieldD&Dtestingoftechnologies.
• InstallationofwatertreatmentfacilitytostopHgfromenteringsurfacewaterspriortoD&D.
• SequentialD&Dofbuildingsforcontaminationcontrol.
FirewaterAssociatesLLC
InnovativeTechnologyTesting
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• DOEistestingtechnologiestoaddressHgchallengeforD&D–mechanicalremoval,iceblasting,anddebrisfogging.
• Moretestingisplannedforcharacterization,wastetreatment,healthandsafetyconcerns(e.g.,UnitechPPEand3Mrespiratoryprotection).
ReactiveMetals
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• Reactivemetals,inlimitedquantityandaccessibleconfiguration,havebeentreatedbysimpledeactivationmethods.
• DOEsiteshavelargevolumesofbulkNa(HanfordFastFluxReactor)andsodiumcontainedinproblematicconfigurations.
• Safedispositionofcontaminatedsodiumrequiresnewinnovativeapproaches.
FirewaterAssociatesLLC
InnovativeTreatmentforReactiveMetals
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• PartnershipbetweenPerma-FixandVeoliaistestingahightemperatureprocesstosafelydeactivatereactivemetalsandplaceintoaglassmatrix.
FirewaterAssociatesLLC
Summary
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• Governmentonsitesolutionstakedecadesandbillionsandthusinnovationisimperative.
• GovernmentisworkingwithCommercialindustrytodevelopnewmethodologiestoreducethefinancialliabilityofsiteclean-up
• IndustrygroupssuchasEFCOGprovideamechanismforDOEsitestoshareinformationoninnovativeapproaches.
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