final project vawt

RAYAT INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

RAILMAJRA, ROPAR (PUNJAB) 

VERTICAL AXIS WIND TURBINE

Project by:

Niramoy Ganguly (6281113497)

Jatin Singh(6281113488)

Hardeep Singh(6281113479)

Puneet Meelu(6281113501)

Teacher Incharge:

Mr. M.K. SIngla

Mr. Jujhar Singh

WIND ENERGY Wind energy is a converted form of solar energy. The sun's radiation heats different parts of the

earth at different rates-most notably during the day and night, but also when different surfaces (for example, water and land) absorb or reflect at different rates.

This in turn causes portions of the atmosphere to warm differently.

Hot air rises, reducing the atmospheric pressure at the earth's surface, and cooler air is drawn in to replace it.

The result is wind.

WIND TURBINES• Wind turbines are a rotating machine that will

spin and convert kinetic energy from the rotation in the wind into mechanical energy or electricity to use to power your house or anything else.

• There are various type of wind turbines these days. 

• If they power machines directly such as a well pump then they are considered wind mills.

• If the energy produced is instead converted to electricity then the source is considered a wind turbine or wind generator. 

• Wind Turbines have subcategories like  Horizontal Wind Turbines Vertical Axis Wind Turbines 

HORIZONTAL AXIS WIND TURBINE HAWT have the main rotor shaft and

electrical generator at the top of a tower must be pointed into the wind. Small turbines are pointed by a simple wind

vane, while large turbines generally use a wind sensor coupled with a servo motor.

VERTICAL-AXIS WIND TURBINES Vertical-axis wind turbines (VAWT) use rotors

that run vertically. Three well-known types of VAWTs are the1. Darrieus Wind Turbine - a model that

collects wind in cups dragging a turbine around, and that looks much like a 'giant eggbeater

2. Giromill Wind Turbine - a subtype of Darrieus turbine with straight, as opposed to curved, blades.

3. Savonius Wind Turbine  - a dragtype devise consisting of two or three scoops causing a turbine to spin,

DARRIEUS WIND TURBINES

GIROMILL WIND TURBINE

SAVONIOUS WIND TURBINE

ADVANTAGES

ADVANTAGES You may place the generator, gearbox etc. on the

ground, and you may not need a tower for the machine.

You do not need a yaw mechanism to turn the rotor against the wind.

A VAWT can be located nearer the ground, making it easier to maintain the moving parts.

VAWTs can operate with winds from all directions VAWTs have lower wind startup speeds than

HAWTs. VAWTs may be built at locations where taller

structures are prohibited.

ADVANTAGES VAWTs may be built at locations where taller

structures are prohibited. VAWTs situated close to the ground can take

advantage of locations where hilltops, ridgelines, and passes funnel the wind and increase wind velocity.

VAWTs may have a lower noise signature. The installation cost is far lesser as

compared to so both HAWT and Solar Power systems.

Since the system is vertically standing up, the occupied surface area is smaller compared to HAWT and much smaller than Solar Power panels.

DIFFERENCE BETWEEN SOLAR POWER AND WIND POWER

Solar Power Wind PowerFor the average domestic system, costs can be around Rs 3,60,000- Rs 5,40,000 per kW installed

Systems up to 1kW will cost around Rs 1,08,000

A larger area is required for the same amount of power generation

A smaller area is needed for the same amount of power generation

Requires a whole day of clear skies for the system to work efficiently

Not affected by the type of day as it operates in low wind speeds

Solar-based power currently costs over Rs 15 per KWh

Wind-based power costs around Rs 3 – 4 per KWh

THE MAKING OF VAWT

MATERIALS 1 bicycle rims - 22 inch 0.3 Galvanized metal sheet (for making the

turbines) 1 Alternator Angle Iron M.S. (10 feet or 120 inch) – 40*2

mm Angle Iron M.S. (15 feet or 180 inch) – 20*2

mm Rope belt - length dependant on setup (79 ")

FIRST PHASE ( CONCEPTUAL DESIGNING WITH CATIA & AUTOCAD)

FIRST PHASE ( CONCEPTUAL DESIGNING WITH CATIA & AUTOCAD)

Schismatic layout for cutting of the Galvanized Sheet

 SECOND PHASE ( FABRICATION OF BLADES AND THE TURBINE)

 SECOND PHASE ( FABRICATION OF BLADES AND THE TURBINE)

THIRD PHASE ( FABRICATION OF THE SUPPORT BASE)

THIRD PHASE ( FABRICATION OF THE SUPPORT BASE)

FOURTH PHASE (REDESIGNING THE BASE)

FOURTH PHASE (REDESIGNING THE BASE)

FIFTH PHASE ( FABRICATION OF THE BASE PULLEY)

SIXTH PHASE ( FABRICATION OF EXTERNAL FRAME)

ENERGY PRODUCTION SPECIFICATIONSRotor size: 42.5 mm D x 170 mm L.

Operational Voltage 12V DC (connected to battery)

Power Rating. 10 mph (4.5 m /s) = 0.75 A x 12V = 8 Watts

20 mph (9.0 m /s) = 3.0 A x 12V = 36 Watts

30 mph (13.5 m /s) = 5 A x 12V = 60 Watts

ENERGY PRODUCTION SPECIFICATIONS12V Charge rate per 24 hours

10 mph (4.5 m /s) = 0.75 A x 24 hours = 18 Ah

20 mph (9.0 m /s) = 3.0 A x 24 hours = 72 Ah

30 mph (13.5 m /s) = 5 A x 24 hours = 120 Ah

This can vary due to size and condition of battery

PRACTICAL CONSIDERATIONS Considering the input involved in the making

of VAWT, it can be easily constructed and put to use at home.

As we have seen the cost involved in its making, it proves to be cheaper than tapping any other non-conventional source of energy, hence proving it to be the future of power generation.

The only trouble in its successful application across the globe is ‘Constant Wind Velocity’.

So practically speaking, this turbine would efficiently in those areas which have constant wind flow, be it at any velocity. Intermittent wind flow will reduce its efficiency.

CHIEF AREAS WHERE ITS INSTALLATION AND WORKING WOULD BE EFFICIENT Coastal Areas Deserts Open Fields Farms Hilly Areas Polar Regions High stories buildings in cities, etc.

As these regions have constant wind velocity almost all throughout the year, so this turbine would work efficiently.

CONCLUSION The project “Vertical Axis Wind Turbine” is easy to

implement in normal house hold and industrial application.

From the project it can be concluded that wind turbines have a large base of applications in power production.

Wind power is an untapped resource and it can easily suffice our power needs in the coming future

As we already concluded that power production using wind energy costs much cheaper at Rs. 5 per KWh as compared to solar energy ( above Rs. 15 per KWh).

So wind energy can be easily regarded as a cheap and efficient energy source of the future

CONCLUSION Here we have developed a mode which is

capable of producing enough mechanical power required to generate electricity using an alternator.

This is just the miniature version of turbines which are used for heavy power generation.

Our project aims at introducing the new concept of tapping this wind energy in an easy efficient and unconventional way