farmer water schools of apfamgs program
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Farmer Water Schools Farmer Water Schools (FWS)(FWS)
FFS Approach: Origin & ObjectivesFFS Approach: Origin & Objectives• FFS: brown plant hopper infestation in paddy• Main objectives:
– Improve farmers analytical and decision-making skills,
– Develop an understanding of ecological principles & pest population dynamics
– End dependency on pesticides• Principles of Nonformal education & Discovery Learning• Farmers select/transform technologies
– to fit the specific ecological and economic conditions, and– contribute to overall food production.
• Farmers understand:– issues affecting their livelihood – Need for debate and concerted action to protect their interests
AESA: Heart of FFSAESA: Heart of FFS
Observation
Analysis
Decision-making
Adaptation of FFS to CWBAdaptation of FFS to CWB• FFS facilitators – subject knowledge and
facilitation skills • FFS-TOT May 2005, build skills of the
project staff – master facilitators.• By mid 2005, Farmers:
– familiar with the PHM activities and – able to record PHM data into HMR books. – GMCs formed – capacities strengthened to monitor the PHM
activities at habitation and HUN level.
• Experiment adaptation of FFS to CWB Exercise.
FFSFFS--CWB ImpactCWB Impact• Farmer participants showed increased
initiative to:– understand and discuss groundwater
dynamics;– analyze the PHM data;– calculate water balance estimation;– share the learning of each session in
GMCs;– present water balance estimation results in
CWB workshops; and – disseminate key messages.
FWS conceptualizationFWS conceptualizationAPFAMGS adopted FFS
approach:
• Discovery and experiential learning process
• Farmers master concepts of groundwater management
• Empower to effectively manage collective resource.
Goal of FWSGoal of FWS
• Farmers as experts• Farmers as PHM trainers
• Farmers as researchers/scientists
• Farmers as organizers, planners, advocates, activists
• Farmers as policymakers
FWS objectives:FWS objectives:• Empower farmers with
knowledge and skills to measure recharge & draft
• Sensitize farmers on the need for collective action
• Sharpen the farmers’ability to make critical and informed decisions on crop plans
• Sensitize farmers on new ways of thinking and resolving issues
Farmer Water Schools [FWS]Farmer Water Schools [FWS]Participants discuss:• groundwater
concepts & availability,
• impact on crop growth,
• role of institutions in sustainability, and
• gender equity.
HydroHydro--ecosystem Analysisecosystem AnalysisObserve• Recharge factors, like
amount of rainfall, surface water, and rock & soil formation.
• Discharge factors – no. of borewells, pumping hours/days, average discharge
Analyze data [Discussion / Sharing]
Reach decisions on crop plans & management of groundwater
Reach large number of farmers;
Simultaneous learning-teaching process:
Farmer participants of first cycle facilitate 2nd cycle.
FWS cycles one and two run simultaneously with gap of two to four days
First cycle: FWS – 34; Second cycle: FWS– 272
FWS: MultiFWS: Multi--cycle approachcycle approach
PNGO TeamsPNGO Teams• identified content appropriate to local needs
• involved farmers in development of session guides, identifying methods and dev. Models
• made efforts to make farmer training sessions an exercise in discovery-learning
• organized sessions where farmers could observe geological formations and structures
• encouraged farmers to recap learnings at the start of each session.
Typical FWS:• Lasts a full hydrological year [June–
May]• Between 25 and 30 farmers
participate in an FWS• Farmers meet once every 15/20 days • Primary learning material: HU & farmer
field• Field school close to the farming plots• Participants learn together in small
groups of five to maximize participation
• FFS educational methods are experiential, participatory and learner-centered
Typical FWS [contd.]:Typical FWS [contd.]:• Each FWS meeting includes at
least three activities: hydro-ecosystem analysis, a special topic, and group dynamics activity
• FWS participants conduct a study comparing farmer and experimental plots
• FWS often includes several additional field studies depending on local field problems
• Ballot Box Exercise: Pre- and post-test are conducted
• Field Day: share learning and results of their studies
FWS & GMC/HUNFWS & GMC/HUN• GMCs involved in FWS
preparation meetings to determine needs, recruit participants and discuss logistics
• Farmer participants share their learning from each FWS session at GMC meetings
• HUNs take lead in the organization and conduct of Field Day
Intermediate results:Intermediate results:PNGO Staff:• Acknowledge and value the use
of nonformal education methods and experiential learning process in engaging farmers;
• Focus on sharing the ‘Must Know’and ‘Useful to Know’ information with farmers;
• Actively involved lead farmers in making decisions on FWS sessions;
• Encouraged farmers to participate in design of sessions, development of visuals and models.
Farmer Outcomes:• Farmers are lead
facilitators • HUN members are
taking lead • Women emerged as
facilitators and decision makers
• Farmer participation improved the quality of FWS
• Discuss sensitive issues like migration and vulnerability to HIV & AIDS
• Farmers aware of the need to collectively assess and make decisions
Intermediate resultsIntermediate results……
Thank You
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