famous psychologists

Willhelm Wundt

• Introspection-Psychology & the study of conscious experience

• Father of Psychology• University of Leipzig

Alfred Adler

• Neo-Freudian• Superiority complex• Inferiority complex• Sibling rivalry• Birth order

Carl Jung

• People have conscious & unconscious awareness

• Archetypes• Collective

Unconscious

Gordon Allport

• Cardinal Traits (dominant personality characteristic)

• Central Traits• Secondary Traits• PERSONALITY

theorist

Albert Ellis

• Rational Emotive Therapy

• Cognitive Therapist• Focuses on altering a

client’s irrational thinking to reduce maladaptive behavior and emotions.

John Watson

• Founder of behaviorism

• Little Albert study• Rosalie Rayner (his

graduate student and later his wife)

• Conditioning fear

Abraham Maslow

• Hierarchy of Needs• Lower level needs

dominate higher level needs

• Goal is to be self-actualized

Carl Rogers

• Humanist• Personal growth• Empathy,

acceptance, understanding

B.F. Skinner

• Behaviorism• Skinner Box• Operant Conditioning

Ivan Pavlov

• Classical conditioning• UCS elicits a UCR• Dogs• Salivation to meat

powder & tuning fork• UCS, UCR, CS, CR

Noam Chomsky

• Language• Cognitive Perspective• Humans have an

inborn native ability to develop language.

Erik Erikson

David Weschler

• WAIS • Wechsler Adult

Intelligence Test for Adults

• Intelligence test for adults (S-B test is not good in assessing adult intelligence)

Jean Piaget

• Cognitive Development of children

• Sensorimotor• Preoperational• Concrete Operational• Formal Operational

Robert Sternberg

• Tricarchic theory of intelligence– Academic problem

solving– Practical intelligence– Creative intelligence

Lawrence Kohlberg

• Preconventional morality

• Conventional morality • Post-conventional

morality

Phineas Gage

• Brain is involved with emotions & behavior & personality

• Frontal Lobe

Lewis Terman

• Revised IQ test for American children and standardized norms for American kids.

Howard Gardner

• Theory of multiple intelligences– Practical intelligence– Emotional intelligence– Natural intelligence– Analytical intelligence– Etc….

Diana Baumrind

• Parenting styles– Permissive – Authoritative– Authoritarian

Albert Bandura

• Bobo Doll• Observational

Learning• Social-Cognitive

Perspective of personality

E.L. Thorndike

• Law of Effect• Behaviorist

Alfred Binet

• First IQ test• Intelligence Quotient

Charles Spearman

• g= general ability • Mental talents are

highly correlated • Intelligence is NOT

multiple….

Harry Harlow

• UW Madison• Rhesus monkeys• Attachment is not = to

food, comfort and warmth and love is important, too!

Herman Rorschach

• Projective test• Ink blots

Carol Gilligan

• Moral reasoning in girls.

• Nurturing and caring part of a girl’s DNA – should count in moral reasoning.

• Dislikes Kohlberg’s Morality Stages.

Elizabeth Kubler-Ross

• DABDA – Stages of Death & Dying– Denial– Anger– Bargaining– Depression– Acceptance

Martin Seligman

• Learned Helplessness

• Positive Psychology

Stanley Milgram

• Obedience• Shocks• How far will people

go?

Elizabeth Loftus

• Memory• False memories of

childhood traumas• Repression of

threatening childhood memories

Mary Whiton Calkins

• First woman president of the APA.

• Denied a Ph.D. from Harvard for being female.

Phillip Zimbardo

• Stanford Prison Study• Power of social roles

and behavior• “The Lucifer Effect”

Karen Horney

• Neo-Freudian• Thought Freud was a little

over-sexed.• Parental influences very

important on childhood.• Children fear being

abandoned & helplessness – she called this basic anxiety.