facilitating learing: using vark to assess learning styles
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12/9/2013
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Facilitating Learing: Using VARK to Assess Learning Styles Melissa S. Medina, Ed.D. Presidential Professor & Assistant Dean of Evaluation & Assessment OUHSC College of Pharmacy
Cell phones and pagers should be turned to silent or off. Thank you!
Learning Styles Workshop
Melissa S. Medina, Ed.D. Presidential Professor & Assistant Dean of Evaluation & Assessment
OUHSC College of Pharmacy
Education Grand Rounds
September 20, 2013
12/9/2013
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Objectives
1. Identify your learning style preference using
the VARK 1. http://www.vark-learn.com/english/page.asp?p=questionnaire
2. Describe the 4 VARK learning styles
3. Predict your students’ learning styles
4. Explore how to adapt learning materials to fit
students’ learning style preferences
Learning Style Importance
1. Understand learning (self and students)
We all have preferences for learning
• Although all benefit from learning using diverse
strategies
• Know your style because you will teach to it
• But must understand students preferences to help
them learn best
• Need to be aware of students’ preferences match
or mismatch with our preference
Need to accommodate differences
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Learning Question
• How do your students learn best?
• How do you learn best?
Learning Styles Definition
• Focus is on Preferences
• Way we choose or approach a learning
situation (Cassidy, 2004).
• Way we perceive, organize, process, and
remember information (Beebe, Mottet,
Roach, 2004).
• One measurement tool is VARK (others)
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VARK
• Preferences for communication modes
• V = visual
• A = aural/oral (auditory)
• R = read/write
• K = kinesthetic (experience & practice)
VARK intellectual property is used by permission of copyright holders.
Copyright Version 7.0 (2006) held by Neil D. Fleming, Christchurch, New
Zealand andCharles C. Bonwell, Green Mountain Falls, Colorado 80819 U.S.A.
What is your Dominant Style?
A. Visual
B. Auditory
C. Read/Write
D. Kinesthetic
Visual
Auditory
Read/W
rite
Kinest
hetic
25% 25%25%25%
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Are you Uni or Multimodal?
A. Uni-modal
B. Multi-modal
Uni-modal
Multi
-modal
50%50%
What do VARK Results Show?
VARK M JD MF KL BI SP DS MS RT JV CY
Visual 11 2 0 10 5 5 1 2 1 9 3
Aural 4 8 5 4 7 0 3 5 2 7 3
Read/
Write
3 10 9 5 10 0 10 2 12 12 12
Kines-
thetic
8 4 2 10 6 11 2 7 1 9 4
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VARK Interpretation
• Different learning preferences revealed
Results vary among our group
Uni-modal vs. multi-modal
Preference are not strengths
Change over time
• Influences how you teach or facilitate
Reflects your learning preference
Demonstrates need to teach material in
different ways
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Pashler H, McDaniel M, Rohrer D, Bjork R. Learning styles: concepts and evidence. Psychological Science in the Public Interest, 2009; 9(3): 105-119. http://www.psychologicalscience.org/journals/pspi/PSPI_9_3.pdf
Pashler H, McDaniel M, Rohrer D, Bjork R. Learning styles: concepts and evidence. Psychological Science in the Public Interest, 2009; 9(3): 105-119. http://www.psychologicalscience.org/journals/pspi/PSPI_9_3.pdf
12/9/2013
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Pashler H, McDaniel M, Rohrer D, Bjork R. Learning styles: concepts and evidence. Psychological Science in the Public Interest, 2009; 9(3): 105-119. http://www.psychologicalscience.org/journals/pspi/PSPI_9_3.pdf
VARK Styles Description
Understanding your style
Helping your students learn
Recall a time when you lectured
or presented information to
others
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VARK Styles Description
Visual
Prefer a detailed diagram
Reflect on your most recent lecture
How many used slides
A. Yes
B. No
Yes No
50%50%
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Reflect on your most recent lecture
How many talked majority of time?
A. Yes
B. No
Yes No
50%50%
Reflect on your most recent lecture
How many explained big picture?
A. Yes
B. No
Yes No
50%50%
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Visual Style Questions
1. How many explain how components of talk fit together?
Overview slide
Need to see how pieces fit together
2. How many used slides
Did you use slides with pictures?
Need to visualize information as graph or picture
3. How many talked entire lecture?
Become impatient with extensive listening
1. Like multiple
formats:
•charts,
•worksheets,
•notes
2. Like
objectives
and concept
maps
3. Include
pictures or
tables in
notes
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Reflection Questions
• If you have visual preference
Do descriptions resonate with you?
• Provide an example
VARK Styles Description
Auditory
You prefer to have this explained to you.
Written words not as valuable as those you hear.
You will probably go and tell somebody about this.
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Auditory Learners Preferences
• Learn through hearing and speaking
• Most common in post-secondary classrooms
• Skill & achievement-oriented
• Memorize well
• Clarify learning through articulation
• Learn from hearing others speak
• Written info means more when heard
Auditory Information Intake Tips
• Traditional lecture
Attend class, discussion groups
• Discuss topics with others
• Record lectures
• Remember interesting stories, examples
• Describe the diagrams or pictures
• Meet with instructor
• Phrase information several different ways
• Use mnemonics or jingles
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Reflection Questions
• If you have auditory preference
Do descriptions resonate with you?
Discuss your own learning examples
Have I accommodated your preference?
• Telling information
VARK Styles Description
Read/Write
Like to read about it
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Read/Write Learners Preferences
• Learn through words and lists
• Like reading information
Handout/text books/lab manuals
• Like handouts
Handouts and notes (often verbatim)
Lists with headings
Dictionaries/glossaries/definitions
• Write lists
• Write or read notes again and again
• Rewrite ideas and principles into other words.
• Interpret diagrams, graphs ... into statements,
e.g. "The trend is..."
Turn reactions, actions, diagrams, charts and flows
into words
Read/Write Studying Tips
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Reflection Questions
• If you have read/write preference
Do descriptions resonate with you?
Discuss your own learning examples
Have I accommodated your preference?
• Handout
VARK Styles Description
Kinesthetic
You need to do/try things to understand
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Kinesthetic Preferences
• Use all senses to learn
• Like laboratories, field trips, exhibits
• Like lecturers who give real-life examples,
applications, hands-on approaches
• Most neglected at post-secondary levels
• Need opportunities for creative, hands-on
learning; interactions with concrete materials
Kinesthetic Studying Tips
• Remember "real" things that happened
• Put examples into summary
• Use case studies and applications to help with
principles and abstract concepts
• Do an activity about the content
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Kinesthetic Teaching
• Experiential learning activities: labs,
modules, educational games
• Simulations (interact with/apply concepts)
• Interaction via technology: audio, video,
computers
• Demonstrations/ role play/ case studies
Reflection Questions
• If you have kinesthetic preference
Do descriptions resonate with you?
Discuss your own learning examples
Have I accommodated your preference?
• Taking VARK
12/9/2013
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Summary
Accommodating Differences • All have variety of learning preferences
• People learn best when material is presented in
a variety of ways
And when they study in a variety of ways
• One way to measure is VARK
Visual, Auditory, Read/write, Kinesthetic
• As a teacher, explore how well you present
information in a variety of formats
encourage students to learn using variety
Learning Styles Workshop
Melissa S. Medina, Ed.D. Presidential Professor & Assistant Dean of Evaluation & Assessment
OUHSC College of Pharmacy
Education Grand Rounds
September 20, 2013
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