eva_pm: how xml can scaffold project-based learning
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EVA_pmEVA_pm: : How XML can Scaffold Project-Based LearningHow XML can Scaffold Project-Based Learning
http://http://tecfatecfa..unigeunige..ch/tecfa/teaching/staf18/files-g/commNcontrol.htmlch/tecfa/teaching/staf18/files-g/commNcontrol.html
Paraskevi (Vivian) SYNTETATECFA - FPSE, Univ. of Geneva
September 13, 2001
Project-Based LearningProject-Based Learning
Increases student motivationIncreases student motivation Improves student problem-Improves student problem-
solvingsolving Promotes meta-cognition Promotes meta-cognition Promotes self-regulated self-Promotes self-regulated self-
learninglearning Opportunities for Opportunities for
interdisciplinary learninginterdisciplinary learning Culminates in realistic resultsCulminates in realistic results
A constructivistic instructional model that organises learning around projects.
Initiating inquiryInitiating inquiry Direct investigationsDirect investigations Managing timeManaging time Overcome writer’s blockOvercome writer’s block Limited experience in project Limited experience in project
designdesign Collaboration & feedbackCollaboration & feedback Project follow-upProject follow-up Monitoring progressMonitoring progress Monitoring knowledgeMonitoring knowledge
AdvantagesAdvantages ChallengesChallenges
Vivian SYNTETA, TECFA Workshop, Les Avants (Montreux), 12-14/9/2001
Efforts to improve PBLEfforts to improve PBL
Direct inquiryDirect inquiry
Initiate inquiryInitiate inquiry
Draw conclusionsDraw conclusionsAcquire & presentAcquire & present
knowledgeknowledge
CollaborationCollaboration
Overall contextOverall context
CSILE
LearningAppropriate
GoalsTorp & Sage
Barron et al.
Cognitive &Technology Group
Guzdial
CaMILE
PIViT
Reflectivelearner
MOST
PBLSSWBILE
DesignDiary
TeamFacilitator
Blumenfeld et al.
Barron et al.
Klein et al.
EVA_pmEVA_pm
Vivian SYNTETA, TECFA Workshop, Les Avants (Montreux), 12-14/9/2001
EVA_pm’s GoalEVA_pm’s Goal
Develop a constructivist environmentand method to scaffold studentsprojects through all it’s phases. overcome writer’s blockovercome writer’s block
direct investigationsdirect investigations
manage timemanage time
knowledge on project designknowledge on project design
promote reflectionpromote reflection
initiate inquiryinitiate inquiry
team managementteam management
scaffold tutors rolescaffold tutors role
motivatemotivate ……Vivian SYNTETA, TECFA Workshop, Les Avants (Montreux), 12-14/9/2001
Conceptual FrameworkConceptual Framework
GenexGenexScaffoldingScaffolding
ReflectionReflection Engagement Engagement TheoryTheory
Resources-Based Resources-Based LearningLearning
Project-Based Project-Based LearningLearning
ConstructivismConstructivism
+ Net PBL+ Net PBL
Vivian SYNTETA, TECFA Workshop, Les Avants (Montreux), 12-14/9/2001
EVA_pm’sEVA_pm’s components components
EVA_pm MLEVA_pm ML EVA_paper MLEVA_paper ML Editing toolsetEditing toolset
editor in favoreditor in favor stylesheetsstylesheets
commNcontrol + toolscommNcontrol + tools Virtual BookVirtual Book
Vivian SYNTETA, TECFA Workshop, Les Avants (Montreux), 12-14/9/2001
EVA_pm MLEVA_pm ML
Markup Language for project specification & managementMarkup Language for project specification & management
specification (setting goals, breaking them up into achievable objectives)specification (setting goals, breaking them up into achievable objectives) scaffolding to initiate inquiryscaffolding to initiate inquiryexpress and concretise ideasexpress and concretise ideasreflect on solutions by providing explanationsreflect on solutions by providing explanationsproduce a coherent research designproduce a coherent research design
management (work packages, planning)management (work packages, planning)structure the workstructure the workfor planning, communication, reflection and resourcefulnessfor planning, communication, reflection and resourcefulness
meta-report (meta-cognitive scaffolding)meta-report (meta-cognitive scaffolding)reflection to engage in learningreflection to engage in learning
enhance learning by monitoring understandingenhance learning by monitoring understanding
XML as XML as cognitive toolcognitive tool
Vivian SYNTETA, TECFA Workshop, Les Avants (Montreux), 12-14/9/2001
EVA_pm ML example EVA_pm ML example (merci Nico :)(merci Nico :)
ResourcesResources
SpecificationSpecification
CommentsComments
Work packagesWork packages
Vivian SYNTETA, TECFA Workshop, Les Avants (Montreux), 12-14/9/2001
EVA_paper MLEVA_paper ML
Markup Language for project’s final paperMarkup Language for project’s final paper
about the final product (summary, intro, body, conclusions, etc.)about the final product (summary, intro, body, conclusions, etc.) scaffolding to writing a paperscaffolding to writing a paperexpress and concretise ideasexpress and concretise ideasreconstruct learning reconstruct learning meta-reflect on the result(s) by providing explanationsmeta-reflect on the result(s) by providing explanationsproduce a coherent research reviewproduce a coherent research reviewfocus on text, distract attention from decorationfocus on text, distract attention from decoration
Vivian SYNTETA, TECFA Workshop, Les Avants (Montreux), 12-14/9/2001
EVA_paper ML example EVA_paper ML example (merci René & Sylvain :)(merci René & Sylvain :)
Abstract - PrefaceAbstract - Preface
Main bodyMain body
ConclusionsConclusionsIntroductionIntroduction
Vivian SYNTETA, TECFA Workshop, Les Avants (Montreux), 12-14/9/2001
The editing toolsetThe editing toolset
Editor in favor & style sheetsEditor in favor & style sheets
editors in favor (?)editors in favor (?) XMetal for Microsoft users ($$$)XMetal for Microsoft users ($$$)epcEdit for all platforms ($$$)epcEdit for all platforms ($$$)XEmacs for rare cases :)XEmacs for rare cases :)
style sheets for project and paper (multiple views)style sheets for project and paper (multiple views)from one xml filefrom one xml filefrom a combination of xml filesfrom a combination of xml fileswith or without discussionwith or without discussion
Vivian SYNTETA, TECFA Workshop, Les Avants (Montreux), 12-14/9/2001
commNcontrol & toolscommNcontrol & tools
EVA’s web portal for the projects EVA’s web portal for the projects (for tutors, students, guests)(for tutors, students, guests)
monitor, share & monitor, share & visualizevisualize information information through the portal that parses XML informationthrough the portal that parses XML information
motivate with peeringmotivate with peeringthrough awareness toolsthrough awareness tools
promote collaboration & scaffold interaction with tutor(s)promote collaboration & scaffold interaction with tutor(s)through discussion tools & mailing liststhrough discussion tools & mailing lists
facilitate group editingfacilitate group editingthrough a versioning system (file transfer tools and file locking)through a versioning system (file transfer tools and file locking)
facilitate tutor’s evaluation(s)facilitate tutor’s evaluation(s)through the evaluation tools (audits & final evaluation)through the evaluation tools (audits & final evaluation)
Vivian SYNTETA, TECFA Workshop, Les Avants (Montreux), 12-14/9/2001
commNcontrol ex. commNcontrol ex. (merci nathalie & Yves :)(merci nathalie & Yves :)
ConfigurationConfigurationaccording toaccording to
authenticationauthentication
tutor student
Mailing Mailing listslists
Awareness Awareness ToolsTools
VisualiseVisualisecomplete filescomplete files
Vivian SYNTETA, TECFA Workshop, Les Avants (Montreux), 12-14/9/2001
Virtual BookVirtual Book
EVA’s web portal for the papers EVA’s web portal for the papers
concretise students workconcretise students workby seeing it as a part of a by seeing it as a part of a virtual bookvirtual book
distribute results (peer benefits)distribute results (peer benefits) through the portal that parses through the portal that parses XML informationXML information
searchable informationsearchable informationby being structuredby being structured
Vivian SYNTETA, TECFA Workshop, Les Avants (Montreux), 12-14/9/2001
Development methodDevelopment method
Co-operative prototyping Co-operative prototyping
Evolution of commNcontrolEvolution of commNcontrol Evolution of Virtual BookEvolution of Virtual Book
with STAF-18 mostlywith STAF-18 mostly
Vivian SYNTETA, TECFA Workshop, Les Avants (Montreux), 12-14/9/2001
ImplementationImplementation
XML InfosetXML InfosetGrammars: Grammars: 2 major DTD’s (as cognitive tools), 2 major DTD’s (as cognitive tools),
4 minor (for data storing) & 1 reused (ibtwsh6.dtd)4 minor (for data storing) & 1 reused (ibtwsh6.dtd)XML files: XML files: 4 major (to structure semantics), 4 minor(to store 4 major (to structure semantics), 4 minor(to store data)data)XSLT: XSLT: 7 stylesheets (to visualize)7 stylesheets (to visualize)
Cocoon (Apache XML Project)Cocoon (Apache XML Project)it’s XSL processor to transform to HTML & XIncludes (to merge)it’s XSL processor to transform to HTML & XIncludes (to merge)
JavaJava8 Java servlets8 Java servlets2 Java classes2 Java classesreuse & modification of a DOMWriterreuse & modification of a DOMWriterimport of an O’Reilly classimport of an O’Reilly class
SAX & DOM APISAX & DOM APIto parse XML files & update themto parse XML files & update them
Vivian SYNTETA, TECFA Workshop, Les Avants (Montreux), 12-14/9/2001
Testing & EvaluationTesting & Evaluation
Evaluation = PrototypingEvaluation = PrototypingGroup:Group: 12 students STAF-Gina for STAF-18 12 students STAF-Gina for STAF-18Steps: Steps: Choose project - course - presentation - explanation - Choose project - course - presentation - explanation - follow phases - edit XML - coaching - finish - questionnairefollow phases - edit XML - coaching - finish - questionnaire
Evaluation of the LE (Learning Environment)Evaluation of the LE (Learning Environment)general approach:general approach: good & encouraging good & encouraginggrammar :grammar : quite mature quite maturetoolset:toolset: useful & stable scripting code useful & stable scripting codeusabilityusability of the online interface: can be improved of the online interface: can be improvedXML editing:XML editing: remains difficult & challenging objective remains difficult & challenging objective
Evaluation of the student learningEvaluation of the student learningFairly good:Fairly good: Students manage to make a simple research plan Students manage to make a simple research plan
Vivian SYNTETA, TECFA Workshop, Les Avants (Montreux), 12-14/9/2001
ConclusionsConclusions
Initial goalInitial goalDevelop a constructivist environment
and method to scaffold studentsprojects through all it’s phases.
direct investigationsdirect investigations
manage timemanage time
knowledge on project designknowledge on project design
promote reflectionpromote reflection
initiate inquiryinitiate inquiry
team managementteam management
scaffold tutors rolescaffold tutors role
motivatemotivate ……verify whether knowledge was acquiredverify whether knowledge was acquired
distribute to bigger audiencesdistribute to bigger audiences
Vivian SYNTETA, TECFA Workshop, Les Avants (Montreux), 12-14/9/2001
PerspectivesPerspectives
Interesting methodInteresting methodneeds more testing (bigger/different classes - better XML editor)needs more testing (bigger/different classes - better XML editor)interface can be improved thanks to feedback gatheredinterface can be improved thanks to feedback gathered
Wishing list for future versions of EVA_pmWishing list for future versions of EVA_pmeasier editingeasier editingbetter interface of commNcontrolbetter interface of commNcontrolmore interaction featuresmore interaction featurespossibility to configure the grammarspossibility to configure the grammarsmake EVA_pm a Web archive (a servlet 2.3 compatible *.war make EVA_pm a Web archive (a servlet 2.3 compatible *.war distribution) to make it completely portabledistribution) to make it completely portable
Vivian SYNTETA, TECFA Workshop, Les Avants (Montreux), 12-14/9/2001
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