ethics chap2
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Chapter 2 - Ethics for IT Professionals and IT Users 1
Ethics for IT Professionals and ITUsers2
Chapter
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Chapter 2 - Ethics for IT Professionals and IT Users 2
Chapter 2 - Objectives1. Identify the key characteristics that distinguish a
professional from other kinds of workers.
2. Understand various professional relationships and
associated key ethical issues.
3. Discuss how codes of ethics, professional organizations,
and certifications and licensing affect the ethical behavior
of IT professionals.
4. Identify the key tenets of 4 different codes of ethics that
provide guidance for IT professionals.
5. Identify the common ethical issues that face IT users.
6. Discuss approaches for supporting the ethical practices
of IT users.
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Chapter 2 - Ethics for IT Professionals and IT Users 3
IT Professionals
Profession is a calling requiring specializedknowledge and often long intensive academic
preparation.
US Code of Federal Regulations defines a
professional as someone who meets these criteria: Duties require advanced studies in a recognized field.
Ones instruction, study, or work is original and creative.
Job requires consistent exercise of discretion and
judgment.
Job is predominately intellectual and varied in character.
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Chapter 2 - Ethics for IT Professionals and IT Users 4
Information Technology
Professionals
Many workers in the IT industry are
considered to be professionals. A
partial list includes:Programmers/Analysts
Software engineers
Database administratorsNetwork administrators
Chief information officers
IT Architects
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Professional Relationships
IT professionals become involved inmany different types of relationships.
Professional-employer
Professional-client
Professional-supplier
Professional-professional
Professional-IT user
Professional-society
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Stewards of IT Resources
IT professionals must set the exampleand enforce the policies that promote
ethical use of IT resources.
Software piracy is the act of illegallymaking copies of software.
Trade secret is a piece of information
that is generally not known to the
public that is held confidential.
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Chapter 2 - Ethics for IT Professionals and IT Users 7
Whistle-blowing
Whistle-blowing is an effort by anemployee of a company to attract the
attention of others to a negligent,
illegal, unethical, abusive, ordangerous act by the company that
threatens the public interest.
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Chapter 2 - Ethics for IT Professionals and IT Users 8
IT Professional-Employer
The relationship between aprofessional and an employer requires
ongoing efforts by both parties to keep
it strong. Professionals and employers discuss
many job aspects before employment
begins.
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Chapter 2 - Ethics for IT Professionals and IT Users 9
IT Professional-Client
In this relationship, the professionaland client each agree to provide
something of value to each other.
The IT professional usually provides ahardware or software product and the
client provides compensation.
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IT Professional-Supplier
IT professionals may have manydifferent relationships with many
software, hardware, and service
providers. The IT professional must be on guard
to keep the relationships honest and
business related.
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IT Professional-Professional
Professionals feel a degree of loyaltyto other members in the profession.
Professionals help support each other
publicly.
Professionals owe one another an
adherence to the professions code of
conduct.
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IT Professional-IT User
An IT user is a person for whom thehardware or software is designed.
Professionals have a duty to
understand the needs and capabilitiesof users.
Professionals have a responsibility to
deliver their product or service on time
and within budget.
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IT Professional-Society
IT professionals develop and supportsystems that interact with the world
around them.
The public expects that the membersof the IT profession will practice the
profession in a way that will not bring
harm to society.
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Codes of Ethics
A professional code of ethics statesthe principles and core values
essential to the work of a particular
occupational group.
Code of ethics has two main parts:
1. Aspirations of the organization
2. Rules and/or principles for the members
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Benefits of a Code of Ethics
Improves ethical decision-making. Promotes high standards of practice
and ethical behavior.
Enhances trust and respect from the
general public.
Provides an evaluation benchmark.
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Codes of Ethics and
Professional Conduct
Association for Computing Machinery(ACM)
Association of Information Technology
Professionals (AITP) Computer Society of the Institute of
Electrical and Electronics Engineers
(IEEE-CS) Canadian Information Processing
SocietyCIPSwww.cips.ca
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Certification & Licensing
Certification is a process administered by aprofession or organization that oneundertakes voluntarily to prove competencyin a set of skills.
Licensing is a process generallyadministered by the province thatprofessionals must undertake to prove that
they can practice their profession in a waythat is ethical and safe to the public.
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Issues Associated with
Licensing IT Professionals
No universally accepted core body ofknowledge.
It is unclear who should manage the contentand administration of licensing exams.
No body to do accreditation of professionaleducation programs.
No body to assess and assure competenceof individual professionals.
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Current IT Certifications
Institute for Certification ofComputing Professionals (ICCP)
Associate Computing Professional
(ACP) Certified Computing Professional
(CCP)
American Society for QualityControl (ASQC)
Information Systems Professional (ISP)
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Legal Overview
Negligence is the omission to dosomething which a reasonable personwould do, or something which a prudentand reasonable person would not do.
Duty of care refers to the obligation thatwe not cause any unreasonable harm toothers.
Professional malpractice is when aprofessional breaches duty of care -commonly referred to as liability.
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IT Users
Common IT users ethical issues:
Software piracy.
Inappropriate use of computingresources.
Inappropriate sharing of
information.
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Supporting Ethical Practices of
IT Users
Define and limit the appropriate use of ITresources.
Establish guidelines for the use ofcompany software.
Structure information systems to protectdata and information.
Install and maintain a corporate firewall.
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Summary
A professional is someone:who requires advanced training and
experience.
who exercises discretion and judgmentduring work.
whose work cannot be standardized.
IT professionals have many differentrelationships that have different ethicalissues.
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Summary
A professional code of ethics states theprinciples and core values essential to
the work of a particular occupational
group. Licensing and certification of IT
professionals would increase the
reliability and effectiveness ofinformation systems.
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Summary
IT users encounter many ethicalissues, including:
Software piracy.
Inappropriate use of IT resources. Inappropriate sharing of private and secret
data.
An IT usage policy helps usersunderstand how to appropriately use ITresources.
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Case 1
Online Brokers
Experience Problems
The office of Compliance Inspections
and Examinations of the Securitiesand Exchange Commission releaseda report calling for brokerage andsecurity dealers to evaluate theironline trading programs.
C 2
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Case 2
General Policy on the Use of IT
An overview of the IT usage policy at
the University of Cincinnati Guiding principles
Applicable laws and regulations
Resource limits
Privacy
Access
Security
Plagiarism and copyright
Enforcement
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