esc401 – introduction to educational computing assessment item 3

ESC401 – Introduction to Educational ESC401 – Introduction to Educational ComputingComputing

Assessment item 3Assessment item 3

Part APart A

Teaching ResourceTeaching Resource

Student: Asmi S. SharmaStudent: Asmi S. SharmaI.D.# : 11393261I.D.# : 11393261

LEADERSHIP LEADERSHIP STYLESSTYLES

most managers have a dominant most managers have a dominant style Recent theories indicate that style Recent theories indicate that managers bring a range of styles managers bring a range of styles to their leadership position that to their leadership position that may change according to the may change according to the situation. However.situation. However.

LEADERSHIP STYLESLEADERSHIP STYLES

Leadership style can vary from Leadership style can vary from inflexible (autocratic/authoritarian) to inflexible (autocratic/authoritarian) to flexible (laissez-faire). The three main flexible (laissez-faire). The three main approaches include:approaches include:

1. 1. AUTOCRATICAUTOCRATIC

Strong, centralised control with a single Strong, centralised control with a single source of authority.source of authority.

Subordinates follow orders.Subordinates follow orders. One-way communication (top to bottom).One-way communication (top to bottom).

2. 2. PARTICIPATIVE/DEMOCRATIPARTICIPATIVE/DEMOCRATI

CC Authority and power decentralised.Authority and power decentralised. Employees involved in decision- making Employees involved in decision- making

process.process. Employees are self-directed and Employees are self-directed and

intrinsically motivated.intrinsically motivated.

3. 3. LAISSEZ-FAIRELAISSEZ-FAIRE

Little or no central management role.Little or no central management role. Employees solve problems as they arise.Employees solve problems as they arise.

CLASSICAL/SCIENTIFIC THEORYCLASSICAL/SCIENTIFIC THEORYTHE AUTOCRATIC LEADERSHIP THE AUTOCRATIC LEADERSHIP

STYLESTYLE Managers who adopt a strict classical-Managers who adopt a strict classical-

scientific approach commonly display an scientific approach commonly display an autocratic leadership style. An autocratic leadership style. An autocratic autocratic leadership styleleadership style is one where the manager is one where the manager tends to make all the decisions, dictating tends to make all the decisions, dictating work methods and limiting worker work methods and limiting worker knowledge about what needs to be done.knowledge about what needs to be done.

Main characteristic of Main characteristic of autocratic leadership styleautocratic leadership style

Managers generally provide clear Managers generally provide clear directives to employees (they do not listen directives to employees (they do not listen or permit employee input).or permit employee input).

Managers control people closely.Managers control people closely. Managers motivate workers through Managers motivate workers through

threats and discipline actions.threats and discipline actions. Good for meeting deadlines.Good for meeting deadlines. Allows for tight control.Allows for tight control.

BEHAVIOURAL-PARTICIPATIVE/BEHAVIOURAL-PARTICIPATIVE/DEMOCRATIC LEADERSHIP STYLEDEMOCRATIC LEADERSHIP STYLE

A participative/democratic leadership style A participative/democratic leadership style is one where the manager consults with is one where the manager consults with employees to ask their suggestions and employees to ask their suggestions and then seriously considers those then seriously considers those suggestions when making decisions.suggestions when making decisions.

BEHAVIOURAL-PARTICIPATIVE/BEHAVIOURAL-PARTICIPATIVE/DEMOCRATIC LEADERSHIP STYLEDEMOCRATIC LEADERSHIP STYLE

The behavioural theorists believe that The behavioural theorists believe that employees performed better when employees performed better when managers:managers:

Encouraged a high level of employee Encouraged a high level of employee participation in decision.participation in decision.

Set specific and measurable goals in Set specific and measurable goals in consultation with employees.consultation with employees.

Multiple choiceMultiple choice

An autocratic leadership style is An autocratic leadership style is characterised by:characterised by:

The opportunity to participate in The opportunity to participate in decision- making by all employeesdecision- making by all employees

Flexible and freedom for all workersFlexible and freedom for all workers A high degree of direction with a A high degree of direction with a

reliance on authority and obediencereliance on authority and obedience A decision-making structure based on A decision-making structure based on

teams.teams.

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Leadership within the business Leadership within the business means:means:

Ensuring financial stabilityEnsuring financial stability Guiding, directing and inspiringGuiding, directing and inspiring Taking responsibilityTaking responsibility Maintaining the good reputation of Maintaining the good reputation of

the business.the business.

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Under participative leadership:Under participative leadership:

True democracy exists in the True democracy exists in the workplaceworkplace

The manager makes all the decisionsThe manager makes all the decisions There is no place for teams in There is no place for teams in

decision-makingdecision-making Employees are encouraged to be Employees are encouraged to be

involved in decision that affect them.involved in decision that affect them.

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That is correctThat is correct

A manager who makes all the decisions A manager who makes all the decisions and directs staff to implement them is and directs staff to implement them is

adopting which leadership style?adopting which leadership style?

DemocraticDemocratic BehaviouralBehavioural AutocraticAutocratic BureaucraticBureaucratic

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That is correctThat is correct

A manager who ‘sticks to the company rules’ A manager who ‘sticks to the company rules’ is adopting which leadership style?is adopting which leadership style?

DemocraticDemocratic BehaviouralBehavioural AutocraticAutocratic BureaucraticBureaucratic

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Student ActivityStudent Activity

A common complaint among managers A common complaint among managers is : “ I told them, but they did not listen”.is : “ I told them, but they did not listen”.

1.1. Identify the real problem that Identify the real problem that management faces.management faces.

2.2. Outline strategies that management Outline strategies that management could introduce to resolve this problem.could introduce to resolve this problem.

3.3. Create a PowerPoint presentation to Create a PowerPoint presentation to answer the above questions and present answer the above questions and present to the class.to the class.

ReferenceReference

Beattie D., McAlister P., Paine J., (2008) Beattie D., McAlister P., Paine J., (2008) HSC Business HSC Business StudiesStudies, Macmillan Education Australia PTY LTD., Macmillan Education Australia PTY LTD.

Fleming L, (2000) Fleming L, (2000) Excel HSC Business StudiesExcel HSC Business Studies, Vivienne , Vivienne Petris Joannou, Singapore.Petris Joannou, Singapore.

PowerPoint Quiz – How to make a Multiple choice quiz in PowerPoint Quiz – How to make a Multiple choice quiz in PowerPoint , Retrieved on 18 May 2010 from PowerPoint , Retrieved on 18 May 2010 from http://video.about.com/presentationsoft/PowerPoint-http://video.about.com/presentationsoft/PowerPoint-Quizzes. htmQuizzes. htm