english para bachillerato
Post on 02-Jun-2018
233 Views
Preview:
TRANSCRIPT
8/10/2019 English para Bachillerato
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/english-para-bachillerato 1/46
iL FORM
. . .
PLURP
--
:
~ ~ S S E S S I O N
~n uscaii
..............
14
/ - Z ~ M M O N
NOUN
ENDINGS
.....5 TERMINACIONES MÁS FRECUtNTE5 DEL NOMBRE
16
...
RSI-LC
OS CUA
EMIMINE
DORES
1
-
--.. e- -:
i ;
MA
.
CCULINE
- -
AND
FI
5 NOMBRESMASCULINOS
Y FEMEblIMO
- LOS
NOMBRES COM
ADJECTlYEi
LOS PRONOMBRES
PERSONALES DE
O JI
JJETO;
LOS
PRONOMBRESY
ADJETIVOS
POSESIV
..............
6
-
ITO
Y
S1
ni=.
F ;F
...........................................................................................................
n t j f 9 1 8 8 3
8/10/2019 English para Bachillerato
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/english-para-bachillerato 2/46
Nnuns
1
FSOUMS:
COUNT
AND NON-COUNT
-
LOS NOMBRES
CONTABLES
E
NCONTABLES
A
Un
nomby
denota
una
persona, una cosa, un
lugar
o
una
idea.
inetypupils fook
fhe test nombre contable)
Susan showed
grb t coirage
nombre incontable)
B
Los
nombres se pueden clasificar en dos grupos: contables e
incontables. Los contables son aquellos
ante
los que podernos poner un
numeral.
one girl
two
girls one man ten men
Pueden sersingulares o plurales.
C
Los incontables son nombres que no pueden ir en plural
y
ante los
cuales no podemos utilizar numerales.
Van
seguidos por un verbo
singular.
He
aqui una listade algunos nombres incontables.
advice
furniture music sugar
uffer
h tp news
tea
chocola
te
hornework PaPer tíme
coffee hope physics
toothpasfe
cream
hunger
rubbish troubte
ditt
inform fion
s nd
w ter
flour matherna
jcs
~ Y weafher
food
milk
soap
work
fun money
Los nombres incontables
casi
siempre se usan con la forma singular del
verbo.
The water s hof
The
sky is
blue
Algunos nombres pueden a veces utilizarse como contables o como
incontables.
paper incontable, papel)
a
p per contabie, unperitidico
EXERCISE
Choose a singular or pluralverb accordingto the nouns in bold.
1. Our b gg ge
@
are at the airport now.
2. Our
secretary
is learning, are learning) to use
a
computer now.
3,
The
sky
always look, looks) beautiful at sunset.
8/10/2019 English para Bachillerato
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/english-para-bachillerato 3/46
4.
The l test
news
is,are) quite shocking.
5
Mathematics
(is,
are)
rny favourite subject
a
school,
6,
Mr
and
Mrs
mith
is
selling,
are
selling) their house this week.
7. lfe ic, are) beautiful.
8. The new gardeners
is
woiking, are worl<ing)
n
the garden
now.
A
J A N
A A
An
se usa ante
nombres
singulares
contables.
A va
delante
de
consonantes
o de palabras
que aunque
comiencen
por
vocal
ésta
se
pronuncie con sonido consonantico.
a hook
one-eyed
mnil
a usei L~Eesson
A n va delante de sonidos vocálicos
o
de una palabra que tiene
una h
que
no se pronuncia.
El articuloa / an se usa
delante
de un
nombre
no especifico o cuando
aparece
por
primera
vez. Tarnbibn podemos
añadir
un adjetivo o un
adverbioentre
a
1 an y el nombre.
/+e
¡S
sfaying at
a
new hotel
He
¡S reading n u n ~ s ~ ~ a yong bmk .
B El artlculo
a
se
usa
con
ciertos nfimeroc
y expresiones
de cantidad.
Can
you
cosln
t
to
a
hun re
rs
French?
t (l llave a
cauple
of
ciranges please.
He
neecls
c bit
o
tih
C
El articuloa an
se
emplea
en
ciertas expresiones
de
velocidad,
frecuencia
o
precio. En
tales casos,
se
podría poner también per.
The
car
wac
trave//i/ ii7g
f une hundred ki/oinei ,.es n I io~tr
pef
hour).
(El coche iba
a
cien kildmetrospor (a la) hora.)
vfsit my
grandparents three
times
a
weela
per weak .
Visito a mis abuelos tres veces por (a la) semana.)
Tliese
mushrooins ost fwo dollars a kilo per I<ilo).
Estos charnpiñones cuestan dos dólares el kilo.)
No se usa a an
con
nombres
incontables.
Please get miflfand b stfercin
your
way
horne.
8/10/2019 English para Bachillerato
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/english-para-bachillerato 4/46
A El articulodefinido the se usa ante nombres específicos
tanto
en
singular como en plural y ante nombres
que ya
han sido mencionados
con anterioridad.
The moon
is very
bright tonight (s61o hay
una
luna)
1 fl~oclgfifhe parfy was wot~ded~,l.una fiesta especifica conocida
tanto por el
que
h a b l a ~ o m o
or
el
que escucha)
She
/¡ves in rny neiglibouthood.
T w
enirghbcirrr ~ood
s f r~ l l
f
udents
ya ha sido mencionado)
The se emplea también ante nombrespropios de: personas, cuando
indicamos una familla por
su
apellido (the
Smiths ,
rios theNile),
mares the Black Sea , montañas theAlpc ,
islas
the
Canary
lslands),
desiertos (the Sahara},algunos
paises theNetherlands .
he va seguido de
un
adjetivo cuando queremosexpresar
una
clase
de
gente o animales.
Oniy r f ~ e
ich can
shnp
i 7 ff?ispJr?c13
The inericans a n d he Spaniards
are
very
competifive
pcople
D Los
instrumentos musicales
llevan artículos,
pero los deportes no
play h
lute,f l ~ eiano and the g ijfar.
ha
fe
p1;iyincg
fooiPJ3alI
nd
Penni.9.
E
Con
palabras como
chapel,
prison,
hospital,
school,
market,
no
debemos
poner articulo si
vamos
a ellas
con
el
fin para el que se
construyeron,
pero debemos ponerlo,si
vamos
con
otros fines,
por
ejemplo, a visitar.
Tf?acliiei s
and pupils
go
Po
school,
b¿it
pc71-enisgo
to the cchool
fn
rrleet their ck~ilc l~n seaci lers.
F The se usa
también
con
los
superlativos.
This is fhio bcst
winc
have ever
lasted.
EXERCISE
2
Fill in the blanks with a o r a n
where
necessary. Remember:
They
appear
before
sirigui.~r
count nouns.
1.
Maria bought
...?
...
red
sweater,
but
John
boughi ..? *..,
orange
one.
2.
The childrenw r taken
to
......... oo and saw .........big elephant, ......... ery
I
angry tiger and .........al1giraffe.
I
3.
John had .........ce-cream
and
Rachel had ......... orange.
i
8/10/2019 English para Bachillerato
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/english-para-bachillerato 5/46
4. lan wants to be .........architect
and
Jane wants
to
be ......... lawyer
.........
.
Where can I get information about the trip?
6.
This job will
t ke me
about ......... our.
7. Jill has .........bionde hair and blue eyes
.......... Mike had operation yesterday.
9.
Mr
and Mrs
Brown
went
on .........European tour and
saw
.........ot of
beautiful places.
10.
.........
UN peacekeeping force, including ......... group of sotdiers
from
France,
has been sent to .........Serbia.
1
1
We
bought
.........
ea
.........
offee
and
.........
milk at
the
supermarket.
12. In fairy
tales
......... andsome prince usually marries
.........
poar but beautiful
girl.
13. asked hirn for
.........
advice, but he couldn t help me
14. When we were in Paris,
we
went to ......... airite Chapelle and saw
.........
wonderful siained-glass windows.
15. e had ......... xcellent weather on our holiday.
EXERCfSE
3
Fill in the blanks witk the where necessary.
1. I have
given
the og his
dinner.
2. think
......... ogs make good
pets;
in fact, I think
they
are .........best.
3. don l
like
, .. ,., ,
children
next door,
4. only like hildren when they are well behaved.
5, We took ......... children to
.........
stanbul
when
we were in ......... Turkey.
6.
.........book I have just finished reading was written by ......... Agatha
Christie.
..........
......... Agatha Christie book I have jusZ finished is
best have ever read.
8 Do
you think that ......... onesty is really the
best
policy?
9.
We have ......... cornflakes every morning for .........breakfast
10. Before you go to ......... London, go and s ......... Brian. He was there
recently
and
can tell you
.........
est theatres
to
go to
and
where to get
.........
good meals.
11. ......... food is in .........ven.
12. always enjoy
seeing .........
beauty
of .........
attzre.
8/10/2019 English para Bachillerato
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/english-para-bachillerato 6/46
EXERCISE4
Fill in
the
blanks with
a
an or
th
where
necessary.
1 If
you buy
l..
weater, make sure
you
get ..he.ight size.
S We
saw
.........very bright star last night, which
we
think rnight have been
.........
lanet Venus
3 Pleaseput .........milkin .........ridge.
4
.........udge can
send
.........people to prison for many years.
5
When we went to .........New York
we
stayed
at
......... ~ a n dHotel.
6 Many factory owners
i? .........
ast century would not allow their employees to
.........
elong
to
union
7 When you went to
.........
London, did yau see
.........
Big Ben?
8
......... Mount Everest is ......... orld s highest mountain.
.................
........
.
In 191
2
Titanicsank in NortR Atlantic after striking
iceberg
......... .........
0 When .........Russian presidentwent to
Washington, he went to
White House and met .........president.
11
l you
are tired
go to bed.
12.
Do
you
think we
can
ever
come
2
agreement?
13
It
s very easy to
give .........advice,
but
less easy to
foilow
it.
14 Phil Collins wrote a song about .........homeless.
15 Sometimes .........nformation is not easy Zo obtain.
8/10/2019 English para Bachillerato
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/english-para-bachillerato 7/46
3 TI-IE PLURAL FORM- EL
PLURAL
A
El plural se suele formar añadiendo s al nombre
(hook
F
boolrc .
Sólo
tienen
forma plural los nombres contables
t o s
incontables no
tienen forma plural.
Reglas
ortográficas
1
Cuandoe3 nombre acaba en S, z h x sh y
o
se añade
es.
bus biises
Aox boxes
churck - chusches tomafo - omaioes
ush
fi
lsushes
Pero
hay algunas excepciones:
piano -+ pianos radio
-
radios
stereo i stereos
2
Si el nombre singular acaba
en
vocal a, e, i,
o u
o
y se
atíade
s.
taBle
a
tables
key -+ / eys
ero
si
lay va precedida de consonante se cambia
la
y por
y
se
añade
es
i a . y .-
ies
3 Hay
unos pocos nombres que acaban en f y
fe
que cambian
la
f y
la
f os Y y se les
añade
es.
tl iief3
thiews loaf .
loav s
kn
fe -+
knives
half
-. halves
wife
a
w i v ~ s
wif
b
woives
lea r lea
ves
shelf sheives
Hay algunas excepciones que forman el plural añadiendo S:
cliff
-
cliffs
handkerchief
b
h ndkerchiefs
Algunos como
hoof
o sc rf pueden tener ambos plurales.
hoof -
hoofs, hooves
scarf -
scarfs
scarves
4
Existen unos
pocos
plurales irregularesque
debes
aprender
man
-
men
footl t
teeth
woman
-
womet~
goose
- geese
MOUSB
+
mi e
ox
- oxen
foot feet child -
children
Hay algunos nombres que tienen la misma
forma
en singular que en
plural.
oni? cfeer
+
wo deer
one
salmon
+
wo sa rnon
Fish tiene la misma forma en singular y en plural si
se
trata de
peces, pero
se
dice fishes para pescados.
8/10/2019 English para Bachillerato
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/english-para-bachillerato 8/46
B Algunos nombres tienen s61o una forma plural
y
van seguidos de un
verbo plural: glasses
savlngs
rrousers scicsors.
hese scissois re shaup
C Ciertos nombres
que
acaban en s
parecen
plurales pero van seguidos
de una verbo en singular:
mathematics,
gymnastics politics
phonetics.
Nota:
Hay
algunos nombres como news,
advice informatian
furniture
que
tienen sentido
plural
aunque
llevan
el verbo en singular,
This s th news read by eter Smifti
(Estas son as noticias leidas por Peter Smith.)
Si quiero
dar
una sola noticia tengo que usarpieceof news
Lo
mismo
ocurre con advice, information furniture.
EXERCISE 5
Write the plural form
of
the nouns
below.
1
thief
2. glove
3.
man
4. salesman
5.
table
6 roof
7. tomato
8. class
9.
country
10
bath
11
knife
12. tooth
13
wish
14. baby
15.
box
16.
toy
17. envelope
18 glass
19
fox
20.
oy
EXERCISE
6
Fill Jn the biankswith
the
plural form of the nouns below.Try
to
use all of the
words.
child foot k y monkey rnocrse radio tooth wornan
1. Two of my son's eefh..... ell out last night
2. My urt.
I
ran too
much
yesterday
3.
Many
ike
to wear make-up.
8/10/2019 English para Bachillerato
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/english-para-bachillerato 9/46
...................
.
We
found three in our classroom.
How
awful
5.
The ...................
arne home
early
from school today.
J
6. I'm in trouble. I left rny ...................
t
home.
7. Eveyone loves
to
watch
the ...................
n tke
zoo,
...................
.
We
have three in our house.
4
POSSECSIOM LA POSESIÓN
Para expresar
la
posesi6n
de
personas, animales o paises
sol mos
emplear
s.
A
Se usa S después
de un
nombre que
no
acabe en s y
sólo
ponemos el
apóstrofe si la palabra acaba en s.
The
bird s wing is
broken.
These
are fh girl s hafs. (los sombreros
de una
niña)
These
are fh gixls hafs los sombreros de varias niñas)
B Empleamos S
al
final
de
nombres compuestos,
es
decir, de nombres
formados porvarias palabras.
Today is my
brother-in-law s
birfhday
Thaf s fh
Queen of Engiand syacht
Si dos
personas
poseen la
misma
cosa
se pone S
detrás
de
la Última.
ary and Pefer s weddíng was lovely.
Pero si
c d
una de las personas posee una cosa diferente
se
pone
S
a
cada una.
Mary s
and
Sane s birfhday, cada una tiene su propia cumpleaños)
D
Sin embargo
hay
unas cuantas frases hechas que si lo utilizan:
1 con expresiones de tiempo.
a week s boliday (unas vacaciones de una semana)
twenfy rninutes break un recreo de veinte minutos)
today spaper el periddico de hoy)
2 con vehículos.
the
car s
engine
3
con organizaciones.
fh
overnmenf
s
policy
Nota:
A veces
podemos omitir la cosa poseída si
se
trata
de una casa,
tienda o porque ya se ha nombrado anteriormente.
David s (se sobreentiendehouse)
I m
gaing to my
mother s.
t lw
butcher s
8/10/2019 English para Bachillerato
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/english-para-bachillerato 10/46
Nouns
EXERCISE
Circle the correct
answer.
...................
. The
jewels
of the king are jewels.
a.
the kings
@
the
king's
2. The ha2 of the lady is
...................
at.
a.
the
ladies'
b. the lady's
3. The cry of the babies is ...................
ry.
a. the
babies'
b
the
baby s
4. The crime of the thief is ...................rime.
a.
the thieves
b. tRe thief's
....................
The tail of the dog is tail.
a.
the dog's
b the dogs
...................
.
The
test was
excellent.
a.
pupils b. pupil
7.
Yesterday
was the ...................
day
off.
a.
salesmen b. salesman's
8. We could see
one
...................
at.
a.
boy's
b.
boys
...................
.
Chocolate
is not good for
teeth
a.
ckildren's b. children
10. This is
...................
ome.
a.
Mr Srniths b. Mr Smith
c.
the kings
c.
the ladies
c.
the babies
c. the thieves
c.
the
dogs
c.
pupil's
C
salesrnan
c. boys
c.
child
c. Mr Srnith's
EXERCISE
8
Rewrite the following sentences to include S or .
1.
This house
elongs
to the Johnsons.
.Tti.is. ~.;..th.e.~ ? n ~ ~ n s I . o o u ~ e . . ,...........................................................................
2.
The teacher listened to the comglaint
of the
pupil.
..........................................................................................................................
3 The son of Mr
and Mrs Byron is at
home.
..........................................................................................................................
4. Many peop le still remember the assassination of President Kennedy.
8/10/2019 English para Bachillerato
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/english-para-bachillerato 11/46
5. This ticket belongs to my sister-in-law.She ¡S taking a holiday for a week
......................................................................
...................................................
6.
We studied
the
poems of Lorca last year.
......................................................................
...................................................
COMRilON PIOUhl ENDINGS
OS T EW~~IIIII\FACIONES
n :\s
FRE UENTES
DEI,
NOMBRE
A
veces podemos reconocer un sustantivo por su terminación. Entre las
más
frecuentes tenemos
las
siguientes:
ai~~ rcarancc aiciilif v
fcacher
rnoi/emeni
rieighlroiirl~no h a p p i t ~ c s s
cornmr~t?i.i;m
friends i
o,ofinrir; ope aficln
EICERCISE
CircSe
the correct
answer.
....................
I can t hear you We have a
bad
a.
connecting
b
connect
@
connection
2.
A
baby's ...................s helped by good food and exercise.
a.
development
b.
develops
c.
developmental
3.
This
...................
eceived the Nobel Peace Prize.
a. scientifical'ly
b
scientific c. scientist
4.
WhFch
...................
o you
live
in?
a. neighbour
b.
neighbourhood
c.
neighbourly
5. Your story shows that
you
have a good ....................
a. Fmaglnary
b
imagine c. imagination
6. Did you get an
...................
o their wedding?
a.
invitation
b
invite
c.
invitingly
8/10/2019 English para Bachillerato
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/english-para-bachillerato 12/46
....................
. The twa
nations signed an
a. agreeable b. agree
c.
agreement
....................
, t h e
brothers have
a close
a.
relate
b.
relationship
c.
relatively
9. Your ................... e ns a lot tome.
a. friends
b.
friendly
c.
friendship
10. The farmers are afraid of losing their ................... ecause of
the
drought.
a. livelihood b. lively
c.
lives
A
Some
ny
se usan
para hablar
sobre números
o cantidades
indefinidas.Some se usa con oraciones afirmativasy any para
interrogativas
y
negativas.
~iiir?l<
lle a
is
scii ie
colice
iti tlio c~~phoarrl .afirmativa)
W w e there nny caljs for ine?(interrogativa)
We hr7vcn t got 8ny
inilEc
negativa)
6 Analiza algunos otros
usos
de some y any. Se emplea some con una
frase interrogativa:
cuando
se
expresa un ofrecimientoy esperamos una respuesta
afirmativa.
Worilci
you
Eike
s n t n e mor^ cnke? (al expresarunofrecimiento)
Can
I iave sorwe fea please? alexpresar una petición}
Se
emplea
any:
cuando
queremos
expresar cualquiera .
Tgk r nnjr
book you
w m l . Coge el libro
que
quieras.)
Any silidcnt can unc/e sMnd
i i i ~
Cualquier estudiante puede
entender esto.)
despues
de ¡f.
l f tliere are
ai?y
cc?l/s
ahe a inessage
Si
hay alguna
llamada,
coge
el
mensaje.)
Es
importante que sepas
que ny no
tiene sentido negativoen inglés.
Nota:
Estas mismas
reglas que
acabamos
de dar
se
aplican para
los
compuestos anybody, anyone, anything samewhere anywhere,
something
someone,
somebody, etc.
8/10/2019 English para Bachillerato
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/english-para-bachillerato 13/46
C Si el
verbo va en
forma afirmativa, no empleamos
any
sino que
pondremos no + nombre, nothing,
nobody
o no
one.None
o va
seguido
de un nombre. None of
va
seguido d nombre plural o de
pronombre.
haven't any rnoney.
have
no money.
ha ven t
any
boaks.
have
no kooks
How much money
do
you ha ve? None.
Nene of
the pupils arrived on
time.
A
Much /
little a little se
usan con
nombre
incontables.
Littletiene un significado negativo (poco); pero a little tiene
un
sentido
positivo un poco).
He hasn'f
got
much rnoney.
He h s
Iittle time
for
relaxation. (casi
nada
de tiempo)
Hehas a
little
rnoney left no demasiado pero algo)
Many / few a few se usan con nombres contables.
ew tiene sentido negativo mientras que a
few
tiene un sentido positivo.
She has many friends.(muchos)
They have few contacts here. (casi ninguno)
We
have a
few
books
here. no emasiados, pero algunos)
Nota:7 00 much
y
too many expresan mas
de
lo necesario
You re spending
t ~ o
uck time o
your
hobby.
Thereare too many
plates
o the table
Much se
suele emplear
con
frases negativas,
He hasn't
~ad
uch
Iuck
late .
C A ot df lots
of
plenty
of
pueden usarsecon nombres incontables y
con nombres contables en plural.
here is
a
lot of /plenty of
lots
of
food.
There ha
ve
been a
lof
ofJ ots of plenty of problems.
EXERCISE10
Fill in the blanks
with some or any.
..... ....
Will you
ge2
me sC?e stamps when you go
out?
l
..................
.
Do
you have books about computers?
..................
3. We ve run out of sugar. Can you let me have
, please?
..................
. Are tkere good programrnes on T V tonight?
8/10/2019 English para Bachillerato
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/english-para-bachillerato 14/46
5
Would you like to see .................. photos f rom
our
holiday?
6. bought ..................ranges,
because
I couldn't see .................. ananas.
7 ..................ogs
make such a lot of noise
8.
There
won't
be
..................
rains
tomorrow;
there s
geing
to be
a
strike.
9.
Andrea said she knows ..................people who could help me.
10. Rhonda wanted ..................ooks
about
ghosts but the library didn't have
EXERCISE
11
Fiill
in
the blanks
with
some,any
none
none
of
or
no.
I.
......
......
newspaper will do;
they
al1
have
the
TV
programmes in them.
2
..................eople are never catisfied
3.
1s there .................. offee left?"
"No, I'm sorry. There are .................. drinks at al ."
4.
..................hese pupils has the correct answer.
5. If there is
..................
eason why
you can t
do the job, please tell me now.
6. There must be
..................
eason for
vvhat
Simon did.
7. ..................of
these
pupils will pass the test. They haven't studied.
8. Do you have
..................
ed apples? If
you
do, 171 buy
...................
9. ..................upil who cheats will be punished.
10. "How
many pugils tried to cheat?"
"...................hey al1 did
the
exam
properly."
EXERCISE 12
Fill in
the
blanks with
somebody, someone, something
somewhere
anybody,
anyone
anything
or anywhere. ere may be more than one correct answer.
1.
id
you
do
...... l h ?g.....
nteresting
when you
were
in
Madrid?
2. Can
you lend
me
........................
o
read?
3.
can1€ind ......................... to sit;
can you
find me
.........................
4. ......................
.. can
show you
the
way to
the Prado.
5.
Will
.........................
lease
help me?
6. Fish is
........................
uth never eats.
8/10/2019 English para Bachillerato
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/english-para-bachillerato 15/46
Was your hotel n Torremolinos ........................ear the centre of town?
..........................
can t find
rny gtasses
must have
left
them
We
went skiing
last
rnonth.
It's
.........................
do every
year.
.........................
ould you like
to drink?
If ........................wants
me,
don t
say
where l've
gone.
.........................
didn t like
the
place where
we
stayed; Zhere wasn t
to
do
n
the evenings.
f ........................knowswho took the money, he or
she
should say
..........................
You
can t eat in
the
hotel looking
like
that
Put
.........................
bit
smarler
on, or ........................ rnight say something.
.........................
.........................
don t want to eat, thanks,
I
had before
carne.
EXERCISE
13
Fill in the blanks wíth anythlng, anywhere, nothing,
nowhere,
o
one
or
nobody.There may be more than one correct answer.
1 There s
.
?riwAe?.. to sit.
2 ..................an
say
Tom didn t try hard in his exam.
3.
This
room
is so full There isn t ..................o put ...................
4. We didn t really enjoy our holiday because in the evenings there was
...................................o go and
to do.
5.
If
you're
not planning to go ..................his evening, let s go t
the
cinema.
6. There s ..................o eat in the house
Lets
eat out.
7 ..................ver wants to put petrol in the
car
..................
.
You are
a
real bore.
You've
never
been ..................
r
done
9. There s ..................like better than resting on Sundays.
10. There s been
..................orth
watching on the
TV lately
EXERCISE 1 4
Fill in the blanks with much many ora ot
of. There
may be more than one
correct
answer.
1.
We
haven t got , . ?? r ck .a o t~ . ilk left.
8/10/2019 English para Bachillerato
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/english-para-bachillerato 16/46
2. I have
....................
....English books,
but
not .........................n French.
3.
can't eat al1 this You've
given
me too ..........................
eat and
too
.........................potatoes.
4. Haven't you got too
..........................
uggage? We're only going away for two
days
..........................
.
Don't
put
too milk
in
rny coffee,piease
6. Bill
is so popular; he has such .......................
.. friends.
..........................
.
don't think ver - of that idea.
8. There are
..........................
ourists
here
in the surnmer, bu not
..........................
n the winter. This is
because
there are ........................
things
to
do
in the sumrner, but tkere s not
..........................
o da
n
the
winter.
......................... ..........................
. like sugar in coffee, but nol in tea.
..........................
0.
That
dog
causes
problems, Why don't
his
owners do
something?
..........................
peaple want to be film stars, but not
.......................
..
of
them succeed.
12.
He doesn" have .........................riends, bec use
he
talks too
...........................
..........................
3.
think
you
paid
too
for that
oid
starnp.
It's
really not worth
...........................
ery
14.
David didn t seem to take ..........................otice of
us
when
we
arrived.
........................
5. Dr
Brock
is
really wunderful Nothing
is too
trouble for him.
Not ..................octors
are
like that
EXERCISE
15
Replace
the underlined
werds
with little
few, a
little ora Sew.
1. Dave has
some
very
valuable stamps.
..............................................................
ve. hica
c,K.
vm ? uab e.E?tzi ??l?~-.
2.
Would you like some more rneat?
3. Alan
was away
from school for two or three
days.
....
......................................................................................................................
4. Not manv people go to the South Pole for a holiday
...........................................................................................................................
8/10/2019 English para Bachillerato
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/english-para-bachillerato 17/46
5 have alrnost no
money Feft
to spend on gifts.
6 There are still two or three rooms to paint.
EXERCISE
16
Roose
the correct answer.
...................
We don't need more tornatoes.
a. some b
no
nY
2
The homeless
man
had
...................
o
sleep.
a.
somewhere b. nowhere C. anywhere
3 She refused to say
to
the police.
a.
nothing b something C. anything
4 I'm afraid there isn't ...................ake left
a much b.
some
c.
a
little
5
Can I borrow ................... f your books to revise for my
exam?
a.
few
b.
many
C.
some
6. I'm sure heard ...................al
my
name
a.
somebody
b
nobody
c.
anybody
7
I d like to spend ...................
days
in Greece.
a
a little b
few
C. a few
8 There's
...................
ood left over frem the party.
a. much b. a lot of
c. many
9
I've
read
...................
ooks
you
lent me.
a al the
b.
the whole c. any
10 We didn't meet
...................
e knew when we went
ta
the
cinema.
a someone b.
no
one
c.
anyone
...................
1 Did
you
do interesting over
the weekend?
a.
nothing b. anything c
a
lot of
12 I'vek d
...................
to eat
a.
toa
many
b
toomuch
c. a
lot
of
13
There's ................... eat left if you'd like some.
a
a little
b. little
c. any
...................
4 The exam was so difficult that
people
passed.
a. a few
b. some
c . few
8/10/2019 English para Bachillerato
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/english-para-bachillerato 18/46
Nouni
-15.The food
was
se delicious that ...................as left.
a.
Iittle
b.
some c.
a
liitle
A Both neither either se usan cuando hablamos de
dos
cosas.
Both
of
neither
of y
either of
requieren
el
artículo
the o
un pronombre.
oth
hotels
are recommended or
th
of
the hotels ...
fre two
girls ha v
arrived Both of
fhem re
ready
to
he@
..
either colour
suits
you or Meither of
th
colours .)
...
Y eenjoy ith r
film
or
eirher
of
the
films.
B Either ...or significa el uno o el otro.
either ...nor significa ni el
uno
ni
l
otro.
have eifher coffee
or
tea for breakfast sentida positivo)
drink neidher coffee nor tea for
breakfact
sentido negativo)
EXERCISE 7
Choose th correct answer
1.
...................
people today have TV sets.
a. Any b. Either
@
Many
2. ...................offee ar tea will be fine, thank you.
a. Either b. EEther of
c .
Neither
3.
...................
he
films
are
highly
recommended.
a.
Either b. Both of c. Most
4. Eric has ................... en nor paper. How can he possibly t ke
notes?
a.
both
b. neither c. either
5. The anti-drug campaign was supported by ...................
the
senior classes at
our
school.
a.
neither of b bofh of c. either of
6.
Dan
................... either an umbrella nor a coat and tk raining outside. How
silly of
him
a. hasn t taken b. has taken
c.
took
8/10/2019 English para Bachillerato
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/english-para-bachillerato 19/46
R
M SCUtlNE ANiD FEMlMlNE
NOUMS
LOS NOfiffERES M SCULINOS Y F M NINOS
A
La mayoría
e
los nombres
no
tienen
g4nero.
am speaking to
y friend trlend puede ser amigo o amiga)
We have an exc8llei1fdoctor el médico puede ser un hombre o una
mujer)
B
Tan s61o unos cuantos nombres tiene forma masculinay femenina.
Algunos forman el femenino cambiando la terminación.
actor ricti ess prín e
pi inccss
~miIer waiti ess
Otros nombres son totalmente diferentes en femenino y masculino.
hoy
- fi gii'
rinckc
-+
a l ~ i l t bu cow
hinther sister neplieili
-4
niew stallioii i~saio
Irrtshai d
in/iFr;i
mcrncrs. 1
R
Label each noun M rnasculine), F ferninine) or B
both
masculine and ferninine).
1.
B aitist
2. ..... dancer
.....
. surgeon
4.
.....
actor
5. ..... friend
6.
.....
daughter
7 ....
actress
8. ..... king
9. ..... painter
10.
.....
uncle
1 ..... queen
.....
2. aunt
13. .....
teacher
14. ..... baby
15. ..... child
.....
6. president
17. ..... policernan
18 ..... doctor
19.
.....
people
20.
..... son
21 .....
nurse
.....
2
father
.....
3. hostess
24. .....
saleswoman
8/10/2019 English para Bachillerato
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/english-para-bachillerato 20/46
Mouns
j
COMPOUMD NQUNS
LOS
NOMBRES COMPUESTOS
Un nombre compuesto esth formado
por
dos a mAs nombres.
A Los nombres compuestos pueden escribirse untos,
es
decir, omo una
sola
palabra
housewlfe),
separados
bankaccount)o con
guión entre
ambas
palabras
pen-name).
He S
j ~olicemati
I tn goiiig o Sl~e os?
office.
Don i
fogef
your sleepinp/?ng.
Para formar
el
plural de los nombres contables compuestos se añade
una S
al segundo nombre.
Wl ich
foufh
I ~ a s f e l s
ic
yoir
ei?joy
mos
?
A
Look
at
the lists below Form compound
nouns
by matching the words from
A
with those
in
0
and th words from
C with
those in
D
A
\::
water
C
alarm d.
head e
dis
h f
motor
g-
tape h.
fire 1
steering
i
cycle
clock
mate
recorder
brigade
skiing
washer
songs
wheel
ache
c
contact
cotton
tooth
human
washing
armed
credit
vocal
text
television
D
machine
book
cords
wool
card
tenses
rights
set
brush
forces
B.
Now
use
the
cornpound
nouns
above to complete the
sentences
below.
:
1.
He paid for
his
new clothes
by
iEd tCa :Q.....
instead
of
writing a
cheque.
2. She turned the f her car sharply
to
avoid hitting the dog.
3.
Jane was late
for
work because
her
idn't go off
4 We
called the hen
we saw smoke
in
the
xoom.
8/10/2019 English para Bachillerato
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/english-para-bachillerato 21/46
5. You can clean that wound with some ............................
nd
alcohol.
6
Amnesty lnternational is welf known for its work i~ the field of
............................
.
When you buy this toothpaste, you get a free
with ¡t.
8.
Ske has stopped wearing
grasses
and she s wearing
............................
instead.
9
ut the dirty clothes
in
the ........................
10.
If
you stay in a students residence at university, you may have to share
with
a .............................
~ a o~ o u n r s
ND POSSECSIVE ADJECTIVES
LOS PRONOMBRES PERSONALES
DE
SUJETO
Y
OBJETO;
LOS
PRQNQRIlBRES Y
DJETIVOS
POSESIVOS;
LOS PRONODARRES REFLEXIVOS
A
Pronombres personalesde sujeto y objeto
ubject Object
me
You YOU
He him
She her
It it
We
US
You YOU
They
them
En
ciertas
ocasiones
en lugar
de
poner
un
nombre
conviene
poner
un
pronombre para asi evitar repeticiones.
Masy
is
very tall
he s
siso thin
En lugar de decir dos veces
May h mos
puesto el pronombre personal
she
Los pronombres personales pueden ser:
1 sujeto de un verbo
She is tall
2
objeto
de
un
verbo
ary visited
him
8/10/2019 English para Bachillerato
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/english-para-bachillerato 22/46
B
Pronombres
y
adjetivos posesivos
Possessive
Adjective
'- Y
your
his
her
ts
our
your
their
Possessive
Pronoun
mine
yours
his
hers
its
ours
you
rs
theirs
Los pronombres posesivos
van
en
lugar del
nom re
indicando
posesión.
1h ve a book
tt
js mine
(mine
sustituye a my book
Los adjetivos posesivos acompañian
al
nombre indicando pertenencia.
I lave
car. t is my
car
C
Pronombres
reflexivos
myself ourselves
yourseff you rselves
himself
themsehes
herself
itself
oneself
Tienen
tres
usos:
1
Como
objeto
de unverbo cuando el sujeto y el objeto es la
misma
persona.
cttt myself l st
week.
2
Despuesde preposición,cuando el sujeto de
un
verbo
y
el
objeto de
la preposicion
es la misma
persona,
He
us be
mad.
He w s t lloing tu himself
One may talk to on s lf
when
one is alone.
Nota: Si
el
reflexivova precedido
de
by se traduce por
solo ,
sin
ayuda .
like to walh by myself
(Me gusta
pasear solo.
Para dar énfasis a un nombre
o
pronombre.
hequeen herseH helpe me
he
wrote
it
herself
Fíjateque el reflexivose
puede
colocar después del nombre, del
pronombreo al final
de
la frase.
8/10/2019 English para Bachillerato
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/english-para-bachillerato 23/46
8/10/2019 English para Bachillerato
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/english-para-bachillerato 24/46
Nouns
5
Cary and Iwere washing
..................ar
and we got
..................
hoes
completely
wet
Larry s shoes
were
canvas,
so ..................
ried very quickly,
but
..................ook two days to dry.
6
We
have three children in
..................
arnily.
..................
lder brother,
Jack,
is living with .................. randparents in London now because ..................
..................
chool is in London too.
hous
¡S
quite big
so they have plenty of
room.
EXERCISE 22
Replace the underlined words
with
the correct pronouns.
l
lives next door
to
Sue
..................................................................................
-l@ l~e,c.ntixt
d(. c r.O, ?EI:.
2. as just bought
t he
book.
...........................................................................................................................
3.
Have the twins receivedPaul s letter?
...........................................................................................................................
4. MYolder brother oft n shouts at Tom andm
...........................................................................................................................
5. These keys are their kevs
...........................................................................................................................
8
This riresent is for
mv
husband s and
mv
anniversary.
...........................................................................................................................
7.
This
camera
is
her
carnera
...........................................................................................................................
8
The
two airls lookedat the
books
that belonaed to them lying on the floor.
...........................................................................................................................
EXERCISE 23
Fill in
th
blanks
with
the correct pronouns
or
adjectives
.....
.
The
Bensons live in England,
but
. ?e [ daughter lives in France.
2.
Give
me
those books. They re
...................
3. They want
us
to go with ..................
o
the cinema.
8/10/2019 English para Bachillerato
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/english-para-bachillerato 25/46
4. This is Mary. I've known ..................l1 my life. ..................
s
my cousin.
5.
know these children, but I can t
remember
..................ames.
...................
. They don't
have
a telephone, so
we let
them use
..................
. Did she enjoy
at
the rack conceri?
....................
The little boy
was afraid
because
he was
at home al
by
9.
don?
tave
a pen Can I borrow ..................or
a
minute?
10. This robot
can
make coffee al1 by ...................
EXERCISE
4
Translate the sentences below into your native language.
1. My friends can't come tonight because their
car
is in Zhe garage.
2.
These
children didn't like the fish. They left it on Zheir plates.
3.
They lived in rich neighbourhoods before, but now hey re living
in
a srnall
house in the country.
4. lov nature and take long walks in the woods v ry evening.
5. Our ost
and
hostess invited rny niece and nephew to spend the weekend in
their sumrner house
y
the sea.
6.
"Would you like some coffee?"
"No,
thanks. F've just had some.
7
have very
little
spare
time nowadays.
8. He watckes too much
V
and too many films
on
video.
8/10/2019 English para Bachillerato
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/english-para-bachillerato 26/46
MULTIPLE CHOICE CLOZE:
Choose tke correct
answer.
Maria had been working very hard. Her friends told her she should t ke 1
a,
an,
the,
some) quiet holiday
by
(2
her,
her
own, herself, hers). So Maria took her
(3 friends', friend's, friends, friend) advice and began to make 4 herself, the, any,
some plans. She went to the (5
travel s
agency, travel agency, travelling agency,
travellers'
agency
to arrange
her
holiday.She
asked
Zhe agent to
give
her
(6 an, a
few,
sorne, any) information
about
places
to
go for
a
7
week, weeks',
weekly,
week's)
holiday. "Would you like to
go
to Paris or London? Flights to Paris and
London are more popular than 8 sornewhere, nowhere, everywhere, anywhere)
else."Maria reglied, "(9 Either, Or, Neither, Both Paris nos London appeals to
me.
Don t you have
10
some, any, a few,
either)
flights
to
the Greek idandc?
5 p d khE
Error
F : Can
you correct the rnistakes?
She used to live in Spain
but
now she is living in United States.
.........................................................................................................................
It took
us
over
a
hour
to
reach the top of the mountain.
.........................................................................................................................
The latest news are quite shocking.
.........................................................................................................................
Most
woman
earn less than
men
doing the
same
work.
.........................................................................................................................
How much TV programmesdo you watch
every
night?
.........................................................................................................................
It's
very
strange but
Zhis
circus doesn't have some clowns
.........................................................................................................................
This is
my
girlfriend hat's.
1 II I
The waiter
who
served
u
was excellent
and we gave
her
a
large tip.
I
When Edward saw him in the rnirror, he
decided
that
he
needed
a
haircut.
.........................................................................................................................
can t find my
English book.
1s
this one
yours
or my?
.........................................................................................................................
8/10/2019 English para Bachillerato
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/english-para-bachillerato 27/46
THE
.
PRESENT
SIMPLE
EL PRESENTE SIMPLE b
STPi
LOS
1
PRESEF
.... . .
S
LA
ESTRUCTURA DE
LAS PREGUNTAS
..... 9
INUOUO
.
. .
NUO
................
rlVE VERBS
NO
I U s u a r uatv
IN I
n t r u ~
1NUOUS)
45
ERBO
.
.m..*..-=.
DS
CON'
8/10/2019 English para Bachillerato
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/english-para-bachillerato 28/46
The Imperative, Pieient Simple, P ie ~ e n l ontlnuouq Ia ti v e Vefbs
1
THE IMPERATIVE EL
IMPERATIVO
Afirmativa: Raíz
del verbo infinitivo sln
to) Go now
Have a nice day.
Negativa: Do
not (Don ) raíz del
verbo Don f
warry.
Do
nat rnove
A
Empleamos
el
imperativo para
dar
órdenes,
hacer
sugerencias y pedir a
alguien que
haga algo.
ome here
Have a
drink.
Help me
with
this big
bag
B El
imperativo
no
se suele usar
con
sujeto, pero
podemos añadirlo
especialmente cuando queremos dejar claro a
quien
estamos
dirigiéndonos.
Jein LIS ,
Peggy
Sit down everybody.
Somebody
answer that
phone
Tom, don't rnovc.
C o
se puede
colocar
antes
de
la
forma
afirmativa
para
dar
mayor
énfasis
al
imperativo. Esta
suele
ocurrir en
peticiones
educadas o
quejas,
Do sif
down.
Do fry and keep quiet.
Nota:
Cuando hay un imperativo seguido de un infinitivo se suelen unir
con
and, y se quita
el
to.
Do fryfo keep quiet. /Do ry nd keep quiet.
C ~ m e
o
visif
uc.
Come
and
visif
us
D
Dose
usa incluso con el verbo
be
recuerda que no
lo
hace
con
ningUn
otro tiempo del verbo to be .
1 para
la
forma negativa del imperativo.
Don te afe
Don t be silly
2 para
dar
enfasis.
Do be nice
to Aunt Clara
Do
be
here
on
time
8/10/2019 English para Bachillerato
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/english-para-bachillerato 29/46
E A
veces
empleamos you
delante
de un
imperativo para indicar que
estamos irritados tanto en forma afirmativacomo en
negativa.
Don l iio r [ / y fo ct?eail
13cin f
mrr
mov
I\iotx En
español
la forma negativa se podría traducir por "ni
se
te
ocurra ..." en la forma afirmativa, posiblemente ndicamos la irritacidn
con
el tono. Oralmente, in inglés, debemos poner el acento en
you.
F
Para
expresar el imperativode primera persona del plural que tenemos
en español
(que
en realidad indicauna arden suavizada, o una
sugerencia,
pues
se incluye la persona
que
la da), se utiliza
let s
(let
us) infinitivo
sin
to.
I-sf r: :.ii cly
(iEstudiemos )
I-cf
:.:
i17d sulrlt/on/
(i
Encontremos una solución )
I r r;
revise ili
kesso iRevisemos
la
lección )
La
negativa
se
puede hacer
de
dos
maneras:
L.ef s nol
..;trcrirtl
(i
No
gritemos )
Ciori i
I ~ i r ollow
tlt ri~t
¡NO
s sigamos )
Nota Aunque
las dos
son correctas,
se su l
emplear
mas la
primera.
EXFRCISE 1
Rewrite tke following sentences using the imperative form.
1.
Can
you come Rere, please?
Come here,pplea,sf:.
...................................................................................................................
2.
Would
you
al
sit
down?
...................................................................................................................
3. Can't you just be quiet?
..................................................................................................................
4. You can't be late for this meeting
...................................................................................................................
5. Would you be kind enough
to
get
me
a drink of water?
...................................................................................................................
6.
don't like it when
you
tell me what
to
do
.....................................................................................................................
7.
I d like to
ask
you not to smoke near tke baby.
8/10/2019 English para Bachillerato
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/english-para-bachillerato 30/46
The ImpersHvs,Present Simple, Present
Continunus,
StaHve Veibs
8. hope you sleep well. Good night
EXERCISE 2
Answer the following questions using the words in brackets and Zhe gositive or
negative form of the imperative.
1.
I'm going to the post office.Do you want anything? (gel stamps)
Yes
.
lease
g@f
ne.co nes ~ . m ~ s , .
.................................................................
2.
Can
I speak English here? Will everyone understand? (speak)
................................................................................................................
o,
3. I h m king lunch.Would you like to join me? (make sandwich)
................................................................................................................
es,
4.
Do you want to watch
this
video with me? (turn on}
Yes,
..................... ....................................................................................
5. Can 1 open the window? (open)
.................................................................................................................
a,
6
Can
yoti explain it again please? (pay altention)
All right, but ......................................................................................................I
7. We re in a hurty. Are you ready?
(wait)
No,
so ......................................
............
..... .......
8. WRat are
you
doing tonight? (phone)
don't
know.
.............................
...................................................................
8/10/2019 English para Bachillerato
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/english-para-bachillerato 31/46
THE PRESENT SIMPLE-
EL
PRESENTESIMPI-E
Afirmativa:
sujeto
raíz
del
verbo
work.
sujeto raíz del
verbo
s 3gpersona singular)
He warks
Negativa:
sujeto
do
not raízdel verbo
do
not
work
sujeto does not
r íz
del verbo (3 persona singular)
He
does not
work.
Interrogativa:
Do sujeto raíz del verbo
o hey
work?
oes
sujeto raíz
del
verbo 38persona
singular)
oes
jt
work?
El
presente simple
se emplea en
los
sigui nt scasos:
A
Para
expresar
verdades generales
o
hechos.
Water boils at
100
degrees.
B
Para expresar hábitos
o
costumbres.
Suele
ir acompañado por
expresiones que indiquenque
la
acción ocurre regularmente como
every day usually,
frequently,
etc.
Slle
wa
lks
o scl iool
every
d8y
C
Para
planes futuros especialmente para referirnos a horarios
o
programas. En la oraci6n debemos poner alguna
expresión
temporal
indicando tiempo futuro.
The
Zrain
leaves in an
hour.
O
Para
contar chistes historias
cuentos
acontecimientosdeportivos etc.
TWO
eople
waJk
into a
restaurant.
One
o fh msays to
the waifer
Fontana kicks fi?e
hall lt
S
a
goal
Expresiones
de
tiempo
Las
siguientes expresiones
de
tiempo
van l
principio o
al
final
de
la frase:
every day each year once a week on T ~ e s d a y
reglrlarly
daily
yearly
in
tl ie eve~?ing tc
Las siguientes expresiones de frecuenciaen cambio aparecen delante del
verbo principal pero
después del verbo to be:
always a
ten sometimes seldorn
usua15y
generally occasionally never
8/10/2019 English para Bachillerato
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/english-para-bachillerato 32/46
Tñe
ImpeiiAve,
Piesenf
Simple,
Present
Continunus.
Stative
Veibi
- -
Reglas
ortogr ficas
has terceras personasdel
singular
añaden una
S a
la ratz del verbo pero en
algunoscasos hay que hacer algunas modificaciones.
a
Los verbos que
acaban en S
SS sh,
ch, x,
u o,
añaden es.
miss
- misses watch
w tches
m x --
mix s
d sh - d shes
m rch
4
m rches
do -. does
b Los verbos que
c b n
en
y precedida porconsonante cambian
la
y
por i añadiendo es.
t ry
-
fri s
fiy -r flies
c Los
verbos que acaban
en y
precedida de vocal, siguen
la
regla
general,
añaden s.
s y
-- s ys aY aYs enjoy + enjoys
EXERCISE 3
Match the following sentences with the
uses
in the
Grammar
box on page
36.
1.
The
bus
leaves
in half an hour. ........C .......
2.
"Smith
hits
the
ball
over
the
net.
Game '"
3. read a book evety week. ...................
4.
The earth moves around
the
sun. ...................
5.
Julia drives a sporls car. ....................
EXERCISE
4
Choose one verb from
the
list below to
complete
each
sentence.
Put
it
into the
correct form.
meet
have be change
take
drive
scorc
begii?
1.
They always ....... ke ..... he busto work.
2.
Nowadays there
...................more
cars on the
roads
than
ever
before.
...................
. The managers of the company regularly.
.................... Every year the
weather
in
November.
5. Alan ...................
tractor
on
the farrn.
6.
"MagicJohnson ...................hree points in the last second "
7.
The
show ................... t 8.30
p.m.
...................
. f h e United States
of
America 50
states.
8/10/2019 English para Bachillerato
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/english-para-bachillerato 33/46
F31ERCISE
5
fi ll in the
blanks with
the
Present
Simple form
of the
verbs
in
brackets.
.........
he never
S
.......
visit)
us
an
Sundays.
........................
you
/
always travel) to
work by
train?
........................
he
moon
revolve) around
the
earth.
......................
. Re /
phone)
you
every week?
Every
winter,
my
family .......................
go) to Chamonix for
a week.
The
plane
........................
not leave) until rnidnight.
Water
.......................
not boil)
at 90 entigrade
Sheila
........................
practise) the piano
twice
a
day.
I ve
got a
joke
for
her:
There ........................be) this
tal1
man. He
...
.......................ga)
jnto a
caf8
and
........................
he school year cisually
(begin) on September 1st.
EXER ISE i
Write
sentences
using
the words given below in
the
correct
order.
Make
any
necessary
changes.
1.
they
/
at night / not
travel long
distances
/
usually
.............................................T ?~.YG~,P.' . ? G ~ L G . Y E . G ? ~ . ~ ~ L ~ ? . ~ ~ ~ . ~ .
@O ..
2 at
night
/
seldom
/ go
out
/
they
T _I I
3. sometimes1
fosget
/
you
/
to lock the door?
..........................................................................................................................
4
eat
1
my
neighbours
/
meat
/ never
.................*........._...............................
..............................................................
5.
on time
/
be
1
n the morning / we I generally
..........................................................................................................................
6. problems discuss / he
/ often
/ with
me
..........................................................................................................................
7 shop J
usually
/
she
/ ar
the shopping centre?
..........................................................................................................................
8. any
more
/ never / I
abroad
/ go
8/10/2019 English para Bachillerato
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/english-para-bachillerato 34/46
En presente simple, este tipo
de
preguntas comienzan
con
el auxiliar
do
o
does
(si se trata
de
la 3"eersona del singular), luego el sujeto y después la
raiz del verbo, siempre sin
to
t/,-? i(:n? 7u:-r 1 1 ~ 7ncio7
i in yo/ tlr7nc~7
Cinr ?
::lrn rhncn7
Pn
I A ~ I : ~
,~IVY?:? f *?nr;
E
I ~ ~ I c I ~ ?
f ?r?y
d:?/lt ;e
?
Se
pueden contestar las
preguntas
del tipo
Yes
No
de
las siguientes
formas:
YP? do fikl f
'-h?'?,
y p ; ?P dr ,?.?. / blr>,h
VPT ?F.
Las partlculas interrogativasmas frecuentes son:
2IVF7ci l-lt> ~l
I~ViK?
1
0 1 4 f I?~L/C/?
l h / I ? ~ n
Inw
inany
l A
lere How
o f k n
lW11y How long
M r h / ~ / ~
h J :<
I4/i?ose 1-low /t3ig /
srnnl heavy .
l I E~af kind
En presente simple, este tipo de preguntas
se forma
igual
que
las de
es
1
No pero se
les tiene que poner delante una partlcula interrogativa.
n yori live
in
Barcelona
(Pregunta
del tipo
Yes No
IJft?ep ~
rln
yorr
live? (Pregunta con partícula interrogativa)
Does
cI?e ilw ECE-cr~am?
Pregunta del
tipo
Yes 1No
Whet
does she
lilre?
Pregunta
con partlcula interrogativa)
Cuando estamos preguntando sobre el sujeto de la frase empleamos las
partículas
who y
what. Estas partículas son el sujeto
de
la pregunta. Who
y
what suelen ir seguidas de un verbo en 3"persona del singular. Sin
embargo,en la respuesta el verbo
puede ir
en singular
o
en plural.
Wia
goes
heme
a
tl7ree o locl<?
Tina
g o ~ s
ornc
a th~se
lcbcl<.
The
pr~pi1 q o
Aon
ie at
fhree
o ciock.
WfI7ntm;i wca
loud
noise ?
A
siren rnalc~s
Ioud
no¡-se. Iiriirns
m a k ~
loitd
noise.
8/10/2019 English para Bachillerato
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/english-para-bachillerato 35/46
EXERCISE 7
A.
Underline the verbls
in eaeh
sentence.
B. Complete the questions.
1. She drinks milk every day.
oes she
rink
Wkat
.................................... very day?
2 We eat breakfastat 7.00 a.m.
What time ................................................................reakfast
each
morning?
3.
Don gets
up
early
because he
starts work early.
Why
................... ...................................................................................
4.
he
children play
in
the
garden
every
afternoon
Who ......................
..................................................................................
5 David sells
500
newspapers
a
day.
How many ...................................................................................................
6. The bus
stops on
Oxford
Srreet
Where
...........................................................................................................
7.
Che
shops
in
the
city once
a
month.
How often
...................................................................................................
8 My litZle brother always laughs when
he
watches lf on
TV.
Who
...............................................................................................................
9
My
father listens to the
news every
evening.
How ofien .....................................................................................................
10 The
trains stop
at King s
Cross Station.
Where
...........................................................................................................
EXERCISE 8
Anna
w nts
to take driving lessons Fill
in her rnother s questions
Anna: Mum, I want to take
driving lessons
Mother: (1) .............................. ?
Ama: Because
arn 17
years
old.
....................................................................
other: (2) ................................... ?
Anna: Yes, I have money
to
pay for the lessons.
Mother:
3)
..........................................................................................................
Anna: Yes, other students take
lessons
after school.
8/10/2019 English para Bachillerato
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/english-para-bachillerato 36/46
8/10/2019 English para Bachillerato
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/english-para-bachillerato 37/46
Afirmativa: 1 r??v r~t .k jr?r .
sujeto
a
arn
/
I s l a r e
+
verbo
+
ing .
/TC
.7
twr)ri: f79.
k /~ ??% ?f~?fk[ f l~ .
--
--
--
Negativa: ,7t,?
~ Y O
~ ~ ~ ~ m f ~
sujete + am
/ is /are not
verbo + ing I Ir ir 7nt
~ f i t n r ~ ~ j r i ~ .
Yo11í fr V O S
rl;rr~r'~ :,rr?.
.- - m
- -
Interrogativa: P 07
1
~ ~ t n f f ~ : r ~ , - t ?
Am
SS
/Are
sujeto + verbo + ing
f.^ j; vfirn1. r;~? :,
'F -9
/](: ,
l n , r l ; ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ f 1 7
--
.
------
- -
El
presente continuo se usa en los siguientes casos:
A
Para acciones incompletas que estdn
ocurriendo
en el momento de
hablar. En estos casos suele ir
acompañado por expresiones
como
now
at
the moment
rigtit
now.
1 / ~ P I / ~ r ~ ~~ ~ ~ ' ' i / ? < ' '
', )O//:
j; f/,>f/7 j j 7Ifl l .
B Paraacciones incompletasque están ocurriendo aunque no
necesariamente
en
el
momento
de
hablar.
/ ' f - ,.r,.- ,,,7n e.<\ ? F J 7 < / 1 7 /
I ' < > m P .
C Para preparativoso
planes
en un
futuro
préximo. En este caso suele ir
acompafiado por
expresiones de tiempo
futuro.
/', . FTt ,,> ,;;./;];/ ~] v q f? :<3 : . {
l
D Para acciones que se repiten regularmente y que
suelen
llevar un
sentido
de queja,
de monotonía.
> 1 , : . .
l
1
" ,
- , / ? ~ l
trbl/ :
I\l(li:l
Cuando se modifica la rutina o se rompe un
hábito, cambiamos el
presente
simple por el
continuo.
~ l í l i
J.:: ~ / / y ~ ~ , ~ ~ / ~ ~ r ~ ~ : ~ ~ , ~ - ~ ~ ~ ; ~ / ) ~ ~ ~~ t j [)( ;lp I A ~ ~J O
: ' : /
{ ) / { f
a
Los verbos que acaban n e pierden la e
al añadir ing.
;,,:, ,]l , l {
( ,,..("
. ;,:8 ,,' , / "
b Los verbos que acaban en
le,
cambian la ¡e por
y
añadiendo
después
ing
( 7 '
-
r;? :f-c-.
/> .L : > : ~ ;
8/10/2019 English para Bachillerato
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/english-para-bachillerato 38/46
The
Imperative, Present ~irn pie , lesent Conlinueius, 5taHve Vefbs
c
Si la última
sllaba
del verbo
acaba en
consonante-vocal-consonante
ésta última acentuada, se dobla la última consonante
antes de
añadir
ing.
~ f o n 5
.qt(~p )fnty IPO;?J
1~e~ji1v~in q
Pero si la Última sílaba no
estd
acentuada,
no
la dobla.
opm~
>
opcnity
1
Para
formar
las
preguntas
de
tipo Yes
No en
presente continuo
ponemos
el verbo
auxiliar am
is I are)
delante del sujeto.
\ mi 8i r
woiki ix
t l r 7 1 ~ f , 4 r ~o11 ivcirFcii g ?nrr 7
2
Para formar
las
preguntas con partícula interrogativa anteponernos la
partículaa la pregunta Yes /
No.
Ate yor~
n/or:rr. tighntcl?
(pregunta
del tipo Yes
/
No)
Alliy are
yo
tuorlrhg
Iraid? pregunta
con
partfcula
interrogativa)
3
Cuando
queremos
preguntarsobre e sujeto de la oraci6n
empleamos
w o
para personas)
y
what
(para
animales
y cosas). ho y what van
seguidos
normalmente
por la forma
¡S
del verbo to
be.
Inllio
i..;
ea
ting
now?
mar
s
happening
today?
EXERC1SE
10
Match the following sentences with the uses in the
Grammar
box on page
42.
R
. Skelly is living
in
Paris. ...................
...................
.
Take
your seats, please The show is starting.
...................
. They
are building
a new park in
our neighbourhood.
4. His cousins are arriving next week. ...................
5. WRat are
we
doing tomorrow morning? ...................
6. She is always doing housework.
...................
7
My stereo usually works,
but
it isn't working now.
...................
...................
.
Where
are you
living now?
8/10/2019 English para Bachillerato
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/english-para-bachillerato 39/46
EXERCISE
Fill in th blanks with the Present Continuous form of the verbs in brackets.
1, Rita
......
h. ?s?k?G
.....
(rest) on thesofa. She stired,
...........................
. Rodney (write) another report.
3. ...........................the Johnsons go) to ltaly this year?
4 ...........................she
/ come
ome late tonight?
...................
. (it J snow now
6 Dave ...........................always lend) rnoney to his friends.
7 We ...........................not enjoy)
this
concert, so let s go
home.
8 Tina
..........................
(sew)
a dress for
herself.
9 ...........................
you /do)
anything
at the moment?
...........................
0. Miss Taylor (take) the class today. Mrs Jones
.......................... (no1 eel well.
EXERCISE
12
Ask
Wh-questions
abovt
the
underlined words
in
each
sentence.
1. The
train
is arriving
in
ten rninutes.
...............................................................................
WI~ efl
s he trajo.
ar r i v i ~g?
2, Shirley
is always breaking
her alassec.
..........................................................................................................................
3, The
pupiIs
are taking
the Enalish test right
now.
..........................................................................................................................
4. The shop
is
closing early today because
ef
the holidav.
..........................................................................................................................
5. Ellen
and
Sheila are workina
on
their
sroiect.
........................................
6.
James
is planningto
go tu
Barcelona.
..........................................................................................................................
7.
Mrs Lee is
learning
to
drive
a
bus.
..........................................................................................................................
8 My
little sister
í
starting school in the auturnn,
..........................................................................................................................
8/10/2019 English para Bachillerato
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/english-para-bachillerato 40/46
The rnpemfhre, Present Simple. Present Conttnunus. SfaRvs
verbs
-.
EXERCICE
3
p,woman finds a
little
boy crying
in
a
shopping
centre.
Fill
n the woman's
questions,
.....................................................................................................
oman: (1) ?
Little
boy:
am
crying because don t
know
where
my
mother ¡s.
.......................................................................................................
oman:
2) ?
Little boy She
is wearing
a red
dress.
......................................................................................................
ornan: 3) ?
Little boy:
My
brother and sister are with
her.
Woman:
(4)
..............................................................................................
Littleboy: They are
looking
for
new
shoes.
................................................................................................
ornan:
(5)
?
ittle boy:
Yes, they are Iooking for
children s
sshoes.
Woman:
Good Now I now
where to find
thern:Come with me
5 STATIVE
VERBS NOT USUALLY USED
lN THE CONTINUOUS)
LOS VERBOS QUE NO
SUELEN
IR EM TIEMPOS CONTINUOS
A
Algunos verbos
no
aparecen en tiempos continuos. Son
verbos
que
expresan:
Sentidos
feel see sound
Iiear srnell
facte
Pensamientos I
appear
forget Irnow seem
actividad
mental:
elieve guess p r e f ~ r s u p o s e
consíder
hope
realise thinií
depend
imagine
rernemlier ~ii iderstand
cloub
Emociones: islike ha
fe
love wanf
doubt
l i l need
wish
f ~ a r
Relaciones
Inelong
to
owe
own
possess
posesión
have
Medidas:
cosi
eqrial
measure
weigh
undersrnncj i lie
problen?
now.
This I rorisc
elongs
o my parents
B Algunos de estos verbos
en
ocasiones tienenmas de un significado y
dependiendo
de ello,
pueden
usarse
en
formas
continuas.
Por ejemplo
se dice:
s vou ase tired now. (aunque
sea ahora, no se
puede
poner en
continúo)
/ m
ceeing
fhe
doci oi-
omorrow.
(tengo
una
cita,
voy a
visitar
al
médico
f jnhyow
art
rigl~t.
cuando think
significa
believeno
se puede poner
en continuo)
She s
rhinking of selling h r
car.
(cuando significa consider
si se
puede)
8/10/2019 English para Bachillerato
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/english-para-bachillerato 41/46
EXEI?ClSF i f
Fill in the blanks with the correct form of
the
verbs in brackets,
........ ..,.....
She R R~c -?
(prefer) her coffee without sugar.
2 ...........................
have) a
shower now. Please answer tRe phone
3 What ...........................tkis word / mean)?
4
Sarah
...........................
see) the dentist at foui o'clock on Wednesday.
5. How
many
rooms ...........................this
house 1
have)?
6 They .......................... think) of selling their house.
7
........................... (not believe) how
rnuch
this jacket ......................... (cost)
8 The
doctor
says th t he
........................
(doubt) that
you
will need to take
medicine.
EXERCISE
1
Fill in the blanks with the correct liormof the verbs in brackets. Note that in
some
sentences you may be able to use both Ptesent Simple and Present Continuous.
l
How many brothers
and
sisters
~Q.XQ . ?~ E~.,
(have)?
2 Hold on
a
second,
Mary.
I want to turn off the gas; the water
(boil) over.
I
3.
Now I ........................realise) that I made
a
mistake.
........................
Elephants (live) to be about
as old
as hurnans.
Our English teacher (not believe) in giving tests, anly projects.
6. He live) in town now, but
he
....................
(rnove} to
the
country soon.
7 Dan won't be in the office next
Tuesday;
he ........................take) Zhe day off.
l
8
y boss ........................
always
complain) about the arnount of talking
n
the
office.
9
How
........................
you 1 feel) about your new school?
l
10
can tell by the look on your face that you ....................... (ihink)
about
Jill
right now.
11
Speak
up She
........................
(no? hear)
very
well.
l
........................
2
Mrs
Jones, your san
is
a clever boy but he
(always talk) in
class.
........................
3 ........................think)
you ........................be)
wrong. She
(spell) her name with a
C , not
with a
"K".
46
8/10/2019 English para Bachillerato
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/english-para-bachillerato 42/46
The
Impeiatiue Ptesent Simple Presenl
Cuntinuaus
Starwe Velbs
.
.
14
I'm not sure
about
the
trip.
It ...................depend)
on
the weather.
15. Jenny and her grandmother are very close. They ...................phone) cine
another
at
least once
a
day.
Klcyr;cl?r: <I
Fill in the blanks with
time
expressions
from
the list.
Some
time
expressions can fit
more than
one
sentence,
but
make sure that you
use
each time expression only
once.
al1
y(?ar
~ O I I I I ~ íiriin IUW 011 loclay
af
A .OO p.rri.
on
Vil~diir-?:;clriy in Itlc alr
allciriaori loin»rrow
al
thc
I~O~ ~E
iioxt
Mnr-iclny
I
1 1 I I
-
P V C I
y
SLI~II-I~?~
. iI ~hiIOW
ICII ; l t ~
~?;IF;OII
t : l ) ~
I J[? ;
1, She's saving a bath and she can't come to €hephone .c TE ? L Y:
....................
2.
Gina
starts
to
sneeze
...........................
.......................................................
3 t enjoy
going
for walks
...............................
................................................
4 She goes for a drive
...................
.... .
....................................................
, ,
5.
In
this
country, we usually have
apples
........................h.....*.......................n.
................................................................................
.
You're
going to
the dentist
7. The electrician is corning
lo
fix the plug
..........................................................
so
you'll have to
wait
tlntil
he
comes.
8.
She's feeling happier
...................................... . . . .
han she did yesterday.
............................................
.
Joanna is resting
but
I'm
cure
she'll
get
up soon.
............................
0.
He's
going to swim
20
lengths a day
..............................
1
Juan
and
1
are
starting
to
do
our
proje t
...................
....
...........................
12.
People from al1 over the
woricl visit
Greece ...................
..
..........................
Fill in the blanks wiih the Present Simple or Present Continuolrs form of the verbs
in brackets.
l
A.
Anir'~.i nr ~
iroil?o.s.l;~lri~tr~.
(your
brothers
take)
karate lecsons this
year?
B.
No, they
.......................................
(not
be).
Martin
.......................... ...... (study) photography while
James
............................
. prefer) ootball.
8/10/2019 English para Bachillerato
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/english-para-bachillerato 43/46
2. A. Mark
hasn t
een
playing footballvery well lately.What
....................................... (he / usually do) every afternoon?
...............................
. He ..............................
...........
ride) his bike,
......,m.:
.......................................
watch) TV and
(talk)
on
tke
phone.
He
........
.....................
(not have) much time for football.
3
A.
Why ...................................... (Dave
sit)
in
the comer when
he
should
be
playing basketball?
B. Well, his coach
.........................................
punish)
him because he
.................................... (not know) the rui s of the game.
4
A.
How
often
.........................................
p u
paint) your house?
B. We .........................................usually paint) it
e v e y
two years, but that
...........
depend)
on
how
dirty the walls
are.
.............................
A. ...................................... (you / plan) to paint it soon? fso, l d like to help
you.
l
5. A. ................................ (she / write) a leiter
to
Carlos orto Maria?
B Oh b
ssuie
she ...................................... (not write) a letter to Carlos
She .............................. (never write) to boys.
l
6. A ,
..................... ............ you
understand} the difference between
Present Simple
and
Present Continuous?
B.
Not yet, but l
.........................................try)
very hard.
7.
A.
What
time .........................................
Linda eave)
the
office evey night?
.........................................
. Well, she s really serious about her job; she
(not
leave) until about 7.00 p m
.........................................
.....................................
A What (be) purple,
.....................................
have) three
heads
and
{speak)
English and
Hungarian?
B.
.......................................not know) and certainly
.................................... (notwant) to find out
9.
A. ........................................
John /
leave)
for
India tornorrew
evening?
B. Well,
he has
his
passport, but
he ........................
.......... (not have)
his
ticket yet.
10.
A. .................... ............ (she /
take)
lernon and sugar in her tea?
8 Well,
she ....................... ........... take)
sugar, but
she
.......................................
...................................
...
not take) lemon. She
(preter)
midk
if there
is
any.
8/10/2019 English para Bachillerato
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/english-para-bachillerato 44/46
The
ImpeiirAve, Present Simple,
Presenf Contlnuciur,
SkHve Vctbs
EXER I E
18
Complete the following sentences.
They
contras the Present Simple
and
Present
Continuous.
1.
My
dog
hardly ever
barks,
That's funny. ........ ~?I ~ c~ s.s....... ight now.
2. Are you going out for lunch today?
................................
es, once a
week.
l
1
3.
Are
you lying to
me?
f Course not .................................
never
4.
She s
an
excellent cook. She always makes the most delicious meals.
I
know
She
...................................
cheese
souff lé right
now.
I
5.
Does your brother watch TV?
Yes,
in fact ight
now.
6. Is
ary drinking beer? I can't believe my eyes.
Yes,
in
fact ......................... .......a week.
7. 1sAndrew always making a mess?
Oh
yes, ...................................al1 the time.
8. 1
don't
of en
disturbyou do I?
Well, .................................. right in the rniddFe of my favourite programme.
9. I'm watching the sunset now. IsnY t t beautiful?
1
Yes, it is. I ....................... very evening.
10. Doyou read books in English?
Yes, in fact I
a novel by Jeffrey Archer rigkt now.
EXERCISE 19
Translate
th
sentences below into
your
native language.
listen to the radio every night.
Many
hou es
have red roofs.
Qo you enjoy picnics in th summer?
,-
She isn't an actress.
The buses never come
on
time.
How much do you weigh?
We seldom bake our own bread.
Mr.
Carlson's your father, isn't he?
8/10/2019 English para Bachillerato
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/english-para-bachillerato 45/46
Rri frr:.lri/ O l
<'LI\ Srl ;:Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the verbs in
brackets.
.........................
.
My
sister
( f l ~ ) ~ m erom
Lortdon today
Her flight
(arrive) in one hour, so I
...................................
.....................................
leave) the
house
right now to get to the
aírport
on time.
2. .....................................you / apply)
for
the job of office manager?
Yes, am.
Flease
h ve
a seat. Mr
Lyndon ................................... (speak) on the
phone
at the
rnornent.
I'lZ cal1 you
when he3
svailable.
.......
.
Diana
........................
practise) fhe
piano
regularly. She
..................................
...
play) in
a
~ O n C e r t exiweek
so she
......................................
work) especially hard tkis
week.
4. Andrew .....................................
look)
for work as a translator. He
....................
............ (speak)
three
languages
fluently.
, . , >
, .
p
Can
you
correct
the
mistakes?
1.
I
am usually coming to school by bus.
.........................................................................................................................
2. She does her homework now.
.......................................................................................................................
3,
My
friends come tonight
at 8.00.
........................................................................................................................
4. Who
this book belongs to?
.........................................................................................................................
5 We never are late.
..........................................................................................................................
6.
This box
is
weighirng three kilos.
..........................................................................................................................
7. What you
think?
..........................................................................................................................
8. What
are you
meaning?
8/10/2019 English para Bachillerato
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/english-para-bachillerato 46/46
SIMPLE
.
L
FA
n ic
PAST
. . . . .
CADO
S
MRLE
A
CONTRP
. . ..
.......................
ASADO
SllVTPLE
Y
EL
PASADO
COMTIM
63
6 6
top related