end of unit filing! before you do anything else…please get your file folder off the back counter!!...

END OF UNIT FILING!

BEFORE YOU DO ANYTHING ELSE…Please get your file folder off the back counter!!

Then write your homework AND get your homework out to be checked!

WARM-UP1) Write your homework – leave it to be

stamped!2) Update your Table of Contents for

today’s activities!

3) Get your homework out to be checked!

Date Session#

Activity Page#

10/30 & 10/31

2 Plate Tectonics Note Guide 3

Igneous Metamorphic Sedimentary

Where would you most likely find this type of

rock?

Where would you find?

Where would you find?

Based on how it is formed and where it is

located, what information could you get from this type of

rock?

What info could you get?

What info could you get?

QUICK REVIEW… Layers of the

EarthCrust (2 types)MantleOuter CoreInner Core

Earth’s crust and the very top of the mantle form the lithosphere

Lithosphere sits on top of the asthenosphere

HOW???

LAW OF UNIFORMITARIANISMLaw of

Uniformitarianism: States that Earth is an always changing place

The same forces of change are at work today that were at work in the past.

Some changes are gradual; some changes are fast.

T-CHART: SLOW CHANGES VS. FAST CHANGES

SINKHOLES http://www.youtube.com/watch?

v=RUjo3K_00tY

Whether you categorize them as a fast or slow change, they seem to be getting more common…WHY?

SOME THINGS HAPPEN SLOWLY, WHILE OTHERS HAPPEN QUICKLY, BUT WHAT THEY BOTH HAVE IN COMMON IS THEY STEM FROM ONE COMMON MOVEMENT …BUT MOVEMENT OF WHAT????

HINT:

TECTONIC PLATES The Lithosphere is broken into many large and

small slabs of rock called tectonic plates and where two plates meet, a lot of changes can occur.

The plates move because of convection currents.

The hot, soft rock in the mantle rises…then it cools, and sinks.

TECTONIC PLATES

How do the

tectonic

plates move?

1. Divergent2. Convergent 3. Transform

TECTONIC PLATES

There are 3 types of

plate boundaries

When one tectonic plate sinks under another plate

IT CAN ONLY HAPPEN WHEN…

Continental & oceanic plate collide = oceanic plate ALWAYS sinks because it is more DENSE.

Oceanic & oceanic plate collide = the older more dense plate sinks!

SUBDUCTION

What is SUBduction

?

Key word: Divide

DIVERGENT

DIVERGENT

What occurs at this boundary?

New Crust Forms

Mid-ocean Ridges

Rift ValleysEarthquakes

Volcanoes

DIVERGENT

Key word: Collide

3 types of convergent:

Continental-continental

Oceanic-oceanicOceanic- continental

CONVERGENT

CONVERGENT: CONTINENTAL-CONTINENTAL

What occurs at this boundary?

High mountains

Earthquakes

CONVERGENT: CONTINENTAL-CONTINENTAL

CONVERGENT: OCEANIC-OCEANIC

What occurs at this boundary?

Deep-ocean Trenches

Volcanic IslandsEarthquakes

CONVERGENT: OCEANIC-OCEANIC

Hawaii is NOT on a plate boundary!

CONVERGENT: OCEANIC- CONTINENTAL

What occurs at this boundary?

Deep-ocean trenches

Coastal mountains (some are volcanic)

Earthquakes

CONVERGENT: OCEANIC- CONTINENTAL

Key word: Slide

TRANSFORM

TRANSFORM

What occurs at this boundary?

FaultsEarthquakes

TRANSFORM

http://www.sepuplhs.org/middle/iaes/students/simulations/SEPUP_Plate_simulation.swf

PLATE MOTION SIMULATION

HOMEWORK: REAL WORLD EXAMPLES & PICTURES

You can start by using the textbook/technology to search for a real-world example you can copy into your chart.

When you go home, please print or draw a picture (drawings better be good!) to put in the box of that

real-world example

WARM-UP1) Write your homework – leave it to be stamped!2) Update your Table of Contents for today’s activities.

3) Get your homework out to be checked!4) Get a whiteboard, marker and eraser off the back shelf, and get ready

for a review!

Date Session#

Activity Page#

11/4 & 11/5

3 Milky Way Plate Tectonic Lab (turn in for a formal grade and tape into page 4 when returned)

4

Layers of the Earth Rap Lyrics/Continents Adrift Video Questions

5

REAL-WORLD EXAMPLES DIVERGENT BOUNDARY Mid-Ocean Ridges like the Mid-Atlantic Ridge

REAL-WORLD EXAMPLES Continental-Continental Convergent High Mountains like the Himalayas

REAL-WORLD EXAMPLES Oceanic-Oceanic Convergent Deep-ocean trenches like the Mariana Trench

REAL-WORLD EXAMPLES Continental-Oceanic Convergent Coastal mountains like the Andes Mountains

on the coast of South America

REAL-WORLD EXAMPLES Transform Boundary Faults, like the San Andreas Fault in

California

WHITE BOARD QUICK TICKET REVIEW

Answer each question on the whiteboard ON YOUR OWN!

I will come around and check your answers – YOU GET ONE CHANCE, and if you are correct you will get a ticket!

ESSENTIAL QUESTIONS

Draw and label the 4 main layers of the Earth:

What were the 2 type of crust?

ESSENTIAL QUESTIONS

Explain why the Earth’s interior is separated into these layers:

• DENSITY• Materials they are each made up of• The forces by which Earth was formed

ESSENTIAL QUESTIONS Which 2 layers make up the lithosphere?

Which layer does the lithosphere sit on top of?

• Crust • Mantle

• Asthenosphere

ESSENTIAL QUESTIONS Why is the inner core solid if it is so hot?

• Because it is under so much intense PRESSURE from the other layers sitting on top of it.

ESSENTIAL QUESITONS If new crust is created at

divergent boundaries, then why doesn’t Earth get any bigger?

• SUBDUCTION! As new crust is formed at a divergent boundary, old crust is being melted down at convergent boundaries where subduction is occurring. New crust is being “created” at the same rate that old crust is being “destroyed.”

• Earth recycles itself!

REVIEW: PLATE TECTONICS Please turn to your Plate Boundaries Chart so

you can reference it during the mini lab activity!

REVIEW: MILKY WAY PLATE TECTONICS LAB We will be doing a mini-lab with Milky Way

bars to further demonstrate your understanding of plate tectonics and the features formed by plate movement.

You must complete the lab guide and you must follow my instructions at all times!

Make sure your lab guide is in the basket with your name on it at the end of the lab for a FORMAL grade!!

LAYERS OF THE EARTH RAP http://www.youtube.com/watch?

v=Q9j1xGaxYzY

Use as an example for your homework, listen and follow along with the lyrics while you eat your Milky Way bar!

Brain Break!

CONTINENTS ADRIFTMOVIE QUESTIONS: Answer as you watch the movie

cliphttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HrKTuCDierM

HOMEWORK Rap, song or poem about “Earth’s History”

material covered so far – DUE NEXT CLASS!

Start reviewing your vocabulary nightly!

WARM-UP1) Write your homework – leave it to be stamped!2) Update your Table of Contents for today! 3) Put your rap, song or poem in the basket!

4) Pick up the supplies on the front counter that are listed on the front whiteboard!

Date Session#

Activity Page#

11/6 & 11/7

4 The Story of Earth’s History Foldable 6

Sea-floor Spreading Lab 7

HOMEWORK: Continental Drift/Columbian Exchange Article & Questions

8

REMEMBER… It is the movement of the tectonic plates that

cause the majority of changes on Earth. Some changes happen quickly, while others

happen slowly, but none have been more Earth changing than this…

HOW?

EARTH’S HISTORY FOLDABLE

Fold the 2 pieces of copy paper as shown.

Label each flap as you see in the picture.

The Story of Earth’s History

Pangaea

Continental Drift

Sea Floor Spreading & Magnetic Reversal

PANGAEAScientist Alfred

Wegener noticed that Earth’s continents seemed to fit together like a puzzle, so he hypothesized that they were once joined in a single “super continent” called Pangaea

CONTINENTAL DRIFT

This led to his Theory of Continental Drift – that although the continents were once joined, they slowly drifted apart!

Wegener’s Evidence: 1. Matching rock layers on different continents

2. Matching fossils on different continents

3. Evidence of climate change – tropical plant fossils in cold places, ice scratches in warm places

SEA FLOOR SPREADING The sea floor spreads apart at

divergent boundaries and forms new crust as well as features such as Mid-Ocean ridges

The rock closest to the crack is the youngest while the rock further from the crack is older

MAGNETIC REVERSALS Minerals in the magma that rises through

the cracks in the sea floor align themselves with Earth’s magnetic poles (North and South)

As the rock cools, the minerals stay fixed in this position, like a compass

Earth’s poles periodically reverse. The “stripes” of rock along the ocean floor record these reversals.

SEA-FLOOR SPREADING

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GyMLlLxbfa4

SEA FLOOR SPREADING SIMULATION

Read the “Introduction to Sea Floor Spreading” silently to yourself or with your partner.

Quickly color & cut out your sea floor

strip and tape the “orange” ends together – 5 minutes!

Cut Slits A, B & C as demonstrated!

SEA FLOOR SPREADING LAB

Thread the “blue” ends up through Slit B from the bottom

Pull one side down through Slit A and the other down through Slit C

Answer the questions on your lab guide

NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC – “COLLIDING CONTINENTS”

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KCSJNBMOjJs

The BIG QUESTIONS:…will the continents be connected again?…what will Earth be like hundreds of

millions of years in the future?…how did Earth form in the first place?

(last 5 minutes of video)

WARM-UP1) Write your homework – leave it to be stamped!2) Update your Table of Contents for today!

3) Get your homework out to be checked!4) Get your “Story of Earth’s History” foldable out as well!

Date Session#

Activity Page#

11/8 & 11/12

5 Hawaii…How? & Hot Spot Notes 9

Mapping the Hawaiian Islands 10

Vocabulary Practice Quiz 11

QUICK REVIEW What is the former “supercontinent” called? Why is it called Pangaea? The idea that the continents had slowly

moved is called…? Who was the scientist that proposed the

idea of both Pangaea & Continental Drift? Why didn’t people believe him? What did he use as evidence to prove his

theory? What LAND FORM was later discovered on

the ocean floor that supported his theory?

QUICK REVIEWThis land form was created by which

process?We further discovered that the oldest

rock was located…? And the youngest rock was located…?Not only were there age patterns, but

patterns of what else?Which scientist is responsible for the

discovery of the Mid-Ocean Ridge & Sea-Floor Spreading?

MAGNETIC REVERSAL DEMOREMEMBER… Earth is surrounded by a magnetic field Earth’s magnetic field, and magnetic poles,

reverse and those reversals are recorded in the minerals of the sea floor

What do you think the effects of a magnetic reversal could be?

HOT SPOTS! Read Hawaii…How? Should get taped to the top of page 9

HOT SPOTS!

What is the Earth’s outer crust made up of?Where can a volcano form?What plate are the Hawaiian Islands on?Are they at a plate boundary or a hot spot?What is a hot spot?Does a hot spot move?So what is moving?How many islands has this hot spot formed

to make the Hawaiian Island chain?

HOT SPOTS Hot spots occur far from plate

boundaries. Magma rises and weakens and eventually

melts through the crust above it. As the plate moves, the hot spot remains,

creating a series of volcanic islands or volcanoes.

Hot spots help measure plate movement because the hot spot stays in one place while the plate above it moves.

HOT SPOT VIDEO Discovery Education: Hot Spots – The

Formation of the Hawaiian Islands

HOT SPOT DEMOAs you watch the demo write a

a 3-4 sentence description of what you see happening:

- Analyze the movement of the screen…- What does the screen represent?- What does the shaving cream represent?- What does the side view look like?

STEP 1: MAPPING THE HAWAIIAN HOT SPOTS!

1) Use the latitude and longitude coordinates to locate each of the Hawaiian islands on the map

2) Plot each island on the map – label it with the name

LATITUDE & LONGITUDE REVIEW Latitude – latitude lines are the horizontal

lines that are measured by how far North or South they are of the Equator (0) – usually written first

Longitude – longitude lines are the vertical lines that are measured by how far East or West they are of the Prime Meridian (0) – usually written second

Using latitude and longitude is very similar to using the X, Y coordinates on a graph

STEP 2: CALCULATING THE RATE OF MOVEMENT

Basic Formula: velocity = distance / time

Example for Midway Island:Step 1: Convert the age into millions of years

How do we turn 27.7 into millions of years?27.7 x 1,000,000 = 27,700,000

Step 2: Plug the numbers into the formulaVelocity = 2,432 km / 27,700,000 years = 0.00008779km/yr

Step 3: Convert km/yr to cm/yr (there are 100,000 cm in a km)

0.00008779 x 100,000 = 8.78 cm/yr! (round)

HOMEWORK Study the Vocab Practice Quiz…

and review your notes!

There will be a Vocabulary Quiz NEXT CLASS…AND IT WON’T ALL BE MATCHING!

VOCABULARY PRACTICE QUIZ

Clear your desk

When you are finished, turn your quiz over!

KEY VOCABULARY TERMS FOR THIS POWERPOINT…BUT DON’T FORGET THE ROCK CYCLE WORDS!!!CrustMantleOuter CoreInner CoreLithosphereAsthenosphereConvection CurrentMagma/LavaLaw of

UniformitarianismTectonic PlatesSubduction

Divergent BoundaryConvergent BoundaryTransform BoundaryMid-Ocean RidgeRift ValleyDeep-ocean TrenchPangaeaContinental DriftSea floor SpreadingMagnetic ReversalHot Spot