emerging dictatorships

What caused the rise of totalitarianism after WWI?

Totalitarianism = the political concept that the citizen should be totally

subject to an absolute state authority

Italy - Benito Mussolini

Italy - Benito Mussolini

FascismFascism

Definition: An aggressive nationalistic movement that considered the nation more important than the individual

Characteristics:Order in society only comes through a dictator with a strong government

Nations become great by building an empire

Anticommunist

Definition: An aggressive nationalistic movement that considered the nation more important than the individual

Characteristics:Order in society only comes through a dictator with a strong government

Nations become great by building an empire

Anticommunist

Invasion of Ethiopia (Abyssinia)

Invasion of Ethiopia (Abyssinia)

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Treaty of VersaillesTreaty of Versailles

How did the treaty affect Germany?

How did the treaty affect Germany?

Economic Crisis Hyperinflation…Economic Crisis Hyperinflation…

Effects of hyperinflation…

Effects of hyperinflation…

“Town Shelter” by Kathe Kollwitz

“Town Shelter” by Kathe Kollwitz

1932: Enough! Vote Hitler!

1932: Enough! Vote Hitler!

Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party

Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party

The Spanish Civil War - Francisco Franco

The Spanish Civil War - Francisco Franco

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“The Abraham Lincoln Brigade”

“The Abraham Lincoln Brigade”

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Bombing of GuernicaBombing of Guernica

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Picasso’s “Guernica”Picasso’s “Guernica”

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Joseph Stalin and the USSR

Joseph Stalin and the USSR

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What is Communism?What is Communism?Definition: system of production for use based on public ownership of means of production and centralized planning, where each person is paid according to their abilities and needs.

Characteristics:capitalism -> socialism -> communism

classless societyindividual is second to society.

Definition: system of production for use based on public ownership of means of production and centralized planning, where each person is paid according to their abilities and needs.

Characteristics:capitalism -> socialism -> communism

classless societyindividual is second to society.

5 Year Plans5 Year Plans

Effort to industrialize the countryIncreased steel productionDecreased wagesCollectives: government-owned farms10 million peasants died in famines during 1932 and 1933

Internal terrorismConcentration camps - 2 million people in slave labor

Effort to industrialize the countryIncreased steel productionDecreased wagesCollectives: government-owned farms10 million peasants died in famines during 1932 and 1933

Internal terrorismConcentration camps - 2 million people in slave labor

Militarism in JapanMilitarism in Japan

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MilitarismMilitarism

Definition: a political orientation of a people or a government to maintain a strong military force and to be prepared to use it aggressively to defend or promote national interests

http://wordnetweb.princeton.edu/perl/webwn?s=militarism

Characteristics: Claims military is most important aspect of the state

Continuous preparations for warCountry is run by the military

Definition: a political orientation of a people or a government to maintain a strong military force and to be prepared to use it aggressively to defend or promote national interests

http://wordnetweb.princeton.edu/perl/webwn?s=militarism

Characteristics: Claims military is most important aspect of the state

Continuous preparations for warCountry is run by the military

Japan invades Manchuria

Japan invades Manchuria

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Anti-Comintern Pact and

Rome-Berlin-Tokyo Axis

Anti-Comintern Pact and

Rome-Berlin-Tokyo AxisJapan needed support from other fascist powers

Pact required Japan and Germany to exchange information about communist groups

1936: signed military agreement with Italy and Germany to form Axis Powers

Formally became allies in 1940

Japan needed support from other fascist powers

Pact required Japan and Germany to exchange information about communist groups

1936: signed military agreement with Italy and Germany to form Axis Powers

Formally became allies in 1940

DemocracyDemocracy

Definition: a form of government in which power is held directly or indirectly by citizens under a free electoral system

Characteristics:Majority rule/individual rightsBasic human rightsFree and fair electionsCitizenship - responsibilityRule of law

Definition: a form of government in which power is held directly or indirectly by citizens under a free electoral system

Characteristics:Majority rule/individual rightsBasic human rightsFree and fair electionsCitizenship - responsibilityRule of law

Political Systems in WWII

Political Systems in WWII

Type Definition Characteristics

fascism

militarism

communism

democracy

Emerging Dictatorships…

Emerging Dictatorships…

Country Leader Type of Dictatorship

Supporting Information

Italy

USSR

Germany

Japan

What Caused the Rise of Dictatorships?

What Caused the Rise of Dictatorships?

Versailles TreatyEconomic depressionSocial unrestDesperation for strong leadership

Nationalist sentimentsAnything else?

Versailles TreatyEconomic depressionSocial unrestDesperation for strong leadership

Nationalist sentimentsAnything else?