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2018/EPWG/SDMOF/004 Session 2a-ii
Emergency Operation Center Network Functions and Communication Linkages for Early Warning
System in Nepal
Submitted by: Shoolini University
12th Senior Disaster Management Officials Forum
Kokopo, Papua New Guinea25-26 September 2018
Kokopo, East New Britain on 25-26 September 2018
Emergency Operation Center Network Functions and Communication Linkages for
Early Warning System in Nepal
Prof Ashutosh Mohanty, PhD.
Shoolini University, Himachal Pradesh
Normal Phase(Preparedness)
Alert Phase (Alerts agencies and
authorities for an imminent
emergency)
Response Phase (leading
coordination and communication for
response)
Recovery Phase (Coordinate Early
Recovery and recovery efforts)
National Emergency Operation Centre (NEOC) Nepal
NEOC Premises
An emergency operations center (EOC) is a central command and control facility responsible for carrying out the principles of emergency preparedness and emergency management, or disaster management functions.
NEOC
Coordination and communication point for disasterinformation across Nepal, including government agenciesand other response and recovery stakeholders
such as
•Nepal Army, Nepal Police, Armed Police Force
• Nepal Red Cross Society
• UN agencies
• INGOS
• NGOs
• CBOs
Contact address of NEOC
NEOCMinistry of Home Affairs,
Singhadurbar
Phone 1 1-4200105Phone 2 1-4200203Fax 1-4200103Satellite Phone 1 8707 7221 5403Satellite Phone 2 8707 7221 5402Website http:/www.neoc.gov.npEmail neocmoha@yahoo.com
HISTORY
• Recommendation of 2009 INSARAG exercise
• Opened in December 2010 by Minister of Home Affairs
• Operated by the Ministry of Home Affairs
• Supported by
• UNDP (providing technical support and assistance)
• Australian Government
Functions of the NEOC
• Provide a central coordination point in response todisasters and for humanitarian assistance
• Improve coordination among all responding agencies• Collect and analyze information on the disaster to
relevant stakeholders• Disseminate information on disasters to relevant
stakeholders• Promote the preparation for disasters at all levels of
government
• Execute Central Natural Disaster Relief Committee(CNDRC) and MOHA policies and decisions
NEOC
NEOC’s Facilities• Separate building, built to earthquake standards and approximately 2400 Sq. Ft.
• Facilities:
• Control Room equipped with an array of communication systems
• Conference/emergency operation room, with the capability to support 18 work stations in an emergency
• Television sets
• Networked Computer Systems
• Uninterruptible Power Supplies with
• Alternative power backup by 45 KVA generator with fuel stock for 20 days (3000 lit capacity underground tank)
• Solar back-up Power
• Water Supply and ration stocks
• Dormitory facilities (Kitchen and sleeping)
List of DEOC established in 2011
S. No Name of District S. No Name of District
1 Dolakha 9 Kailali
2 Sankhuwasaba 10 Banke
3 Dadeldhura 11 Nawalparasi
4 Rukum 12 Saptari
5 Achham 13 Sunsari
6 Kaski 14 Jhapa
7 Baglung 15 Mahottari
8 Arghakhachi 16 Sarlahi
List of REOC established in Jan 2013
S. No Name of Regional Center
1. Kaski
2. Makwanpur
3. Dhankuta
4. Surkhet
5. Doti
List of DEOC established in Jan 2013
S. No Name of District
1. Sindhupalchowk
2. Jumla
3. Mustang
4. Syangja
5. Dhading
6. Kavrepalanchowk
7. Bara
8. Chitwan
9. Dhanusha
10 Morang
List of MEOC established in Jan 2013
S. No Name of Municipality
1. Kathmandu
2. Lalitpur
3. Bhaktapur
4. Banepa
5. Ratnanagar
• Sahana based Disaster Information Management System (DIMS), has been introduced and implementedin N/DEOCs to input data and keep records. Sahana training has also been provided to DEOC officials.
• The HF radio set was installed and direct communication link has been established between NEOC,REOC and other DEOCs and trainings were provided to technician staffs from Nepal Police, Red Cross,and District Administration Office (DAO) at district level.
List of Equipment for REOC
S. No List of Equipment1 Working table (5'-0" x 2-6" x 2'-6" )2 Working table (4'- 6" x 2'- 0" x 2' - 6")
3 Side table (right or left)- 3’-3” ×1’-6” ×2’-6”
4 Radio room table (5’-0” × 2’-0” × 2’-6”)5 Filing cabinet6 Storing cabinet7 Revolving chair/ visitors chair8 Solar PV Panels with Rechargeable battery9 Solar Hybrid UPS
10 Battery 24V 200 A11 Installation materials, Cables etc.12 Installation Charges13 Desktop Computer 14 Web Camera15 Headphone set16 Power Extension Cord 17 MS-Office 201018 Desktop Anti-Virus (soft ware license)19 ADSL2+ Wireless Router20 Switch (8 Port)21 Multi-Function Printer22 Digital Camera and accessories23 Laptop24 Fire Extinguisher25 HF Radio Set
26 Life Saving Equipment26.1 Megaphone 26.2 Safety helmet26.3 Rubber boots26.4 Rescue vest26.5 Life jacket26.6 Shovels26.7 Pick26.8 Crowbar26.9 Metal bucket
26.10 Waist bag26.11 Stretcher 26.12 Cap26.13 Gloves26.14 Throw bag26.15 Tarpaulin26.16 Blanket26.17 First aid kit26.18 Headlight26.19 Water purifier liquid26.20 Rubber mattress26.21 Emergency light26.22 Medium sized rubber tube26.23 Foot pump26.24 Metal trunk26.25 Bolt cutter 26.26 Iron picket26.27 Rescue hammer26.28 Static rope26.29 Screw gate carabineers 26.30 Figure of 8 carabineers26.31 Fire rope ladder
EOC Operation Management
• EOC Network under the leadership of NEOC at MoHA
• A network of 57 EOCs (NEOC+5 REOC+49 DEOC + 1 MEOC+ 1 HEOC)
• An important aspect of having an effective coordination and response mechanism under the MoHA through NEOC.
• A proactive approach with 24/7 surveillance and response.
• Governed by respective administrative structures: CNDRC, RDRC & DDRC
• Operation Management Guideline: Standard Operating Procedures
NEOC SOP Objectives
• Determine the organizational structure of the NEOC,
• Identify minimum resources requirements for smooth operation of NEOC,
• Define NEOC and its officials' work responsibilities and authorities,
• Determine the activeness level of the center,
• Communication flow, and nature
• Ensure a coordination mechanism with stakeholders for disaster preparedness and response
• Establish a process for generating authentic, and updated statistics for damages due to disasters,
• Establish and develop mechanism for leading and coordinating of search, rescue, and humanitarian aid and support at the time of disasters,
• Manage to ensure rights of women, children, old-aged, and physically challenged people during disaster response.
Communication System to other Agencies
National
Emergency
Operation
Center
Tribhuvan
International
Airport,
Emergency
Lounge
National
Seismologica
l Center
UN
Emergency
Center
Control Forces:
Nepal Army, Nepal
Police, Armed
Police Force, Fire
brigade
Department
of Hydrology
and
Meteorology
Research and
Investigation
centers related
to disaster
Regional/Dist
rict
Emergency
Operation
Center
Nepal Red Cross
Emergency
Operation
Center
Health
Emergency
Operation
Center
Levels of NEOC Activation
Activeness Level
Component 1 2 3 4
Officials and bodies
for providing
guidelines and
advising
Joint Secretary,
Disaster
Management
Department,
Ministry of Home
Affairs (MoHA)
Secretary, Ministry
of Home Affairs
Central Disaster
Relief Committee
(CDRC) / Minister,
Ministry of Home
Affairs
Council of Ministers
/ Central Disaster
Relief Committee
Leadership of the
centerChief, NEOC
Joint Secretary,
Disaster
Management
Department,
Ministry of Home
Affairs
Secretary, Ministry
of Home Affairs
Chief Secretary,
Government of
Nepal
Nature and Impact
of DisasterLocal level District level Regional level
National level
(Declaration of
emergency)
Example
Heavy monsoon
rain and forecast
of weather and
Taplejung Fire
2071
Sindhupalchowk
Jure Landslide,
2071
Mid-Western
(Surkhet, Banke,
Bardiya and
Dang) Flood,
2071
Gorkha
Earthquake, 2072
Disaster Risk Reduction
DRR Portal along with its mobile (android) app (http://drrportal.gov.np/ )
GEO Portal (http://drm.moha.gov.np)
GIS Integration Project: NepalAWARE project in progress
DRRPortal Homepage
Real Time Monitoring
•Department of Hydrology and Meteorology : water level and rainfall monitoring
• http://hydrology.gov.np
•NWP(Numerical Weather Prediction): 3 days prediction
• http://mfd.gov.np/nwp
Early Warning System in Nepal
Early warning is a major element of disaster risk
reduction. It prevents loss of life and reduces the economic and material impact of disasters.
Linking EOC with CBDRMC and EWS established at community level
Communication, Networking – Flood EWS
Communities
MoHA
NEOCDHM
DHM/ River Basin Office
DEOC
LDRMC
CBDRMC EW TF
Website/Media
NTC/NCELL
Broadcasting
Warning
Population
NATIONAL
DISTRI
CT
COMMUNITY
MoSTE
MoFALD
MoIC
ACTIVATION OF CLUSTERS &
TFs
Hydrometric Station in Nepal
River Hydrology
P1/P2 stations = 83
P3 stations = 67
Flood Forecasting
P1 stations = 25
Snow
Hydrometric Stations = 11
Meteorological Stations = 7
Total: 175
New Approaches in Hydrometry
•Hydrometry is the monitoring of the components of the hydrological cycle including rainfall, groundwater characteristics, as well as water quality and flow characteristics of surface waters
• Technical Approach
–Telemetric Stations with Real Time Data
–Flow Modelling and Forecasting
• Service Approach
–Early Warning Information of Flood to Community
Early Warning System
“A system of data collection andanalysis to monitor people’s well-being (including security), inorder to provide timely noticewhen an emergency threatens,and thus to elicit an appropriateresponse.”
Early Warning System in Nepal
EWS
• An early warning system can be implemented as a chain of information communication systems and comprises sensors, event detection, decision support, and message broker subsystems.
• They work together to forecast and signal disturbances that adversely affect the stability, providing time for the response system to prepare for the adverse event and to minimize its impact
Telemetric Stations
http://www.hydrology.gov.npAutomatic Rainfall Stations: 90+Automatic Water Level Station: 45+
Telemetric Stations
Telemetry is an
automated
communications
process by which
measurements and
other data are
collected at remote
or inaccessible
points and
transmitted to
receiving
equipment for
monitoring.
Web Based Telemetry: Rainfall Watch
Note: warning level for rainfall :60mm in 1 hr,80 mm in 3 hour, 100 mm in 6 hr, 120mm in 12 hr,140 mm in 24 hr- potential landslide in steep slope and high flood in local areas
Web Based Telemetry: Rainfall Watch
Effectiveness of Flood EWS
श्रावण २९, २०७३- २०६६ मा झापामा भीषण बाढी आउँदा २६ जनाले ज्यान गुमाएका थिए । हालैको बाढी पनन ववगतको जस्तै थियो तर क्षनत ननकै कम भयो । पूववसूचना ददने प्रणालीका कारण जनधनको क्षनत घटेको हो ।रेडक्रसले ‘प्राक्टटकल एटसन’ को सहकायवमा ‘अली वाननवङ ससस्टम’ सुरु गरेकैले बाढीबाट हुने क्षनत कम भएको छ । यसपटकको बाढीमा ९ जनालेज्यान गुमाए । तीन बेपत्ता छन ्। ‘नतनीहरूको मतृ्यु बाढीले बगाएर भएको होइन,’ रेडक्रस झापाका सभापनत लोकराज ढकालले भने, ‘लापरबाहीका कारण भएको हो ।’
Strength in FEWS
• Nationwide Hydro-met network
• 24 hour Weather Forecasting and Flood ForecastingServices
• Co-ordination among Stakeholders (MOHA, MOFALD,Nepal Army, DEOC, LDMC, CDMC, EW TFs, RED-Cross)
• Contribution from donor agencies -UNDP, NGOs andINGOs
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