electric submersible pumps (esp).pdf

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When there is not sufficient lift pressure to lift the fluids in the well, then we need an artificial lift (AL) method, e.g., ESP or any other alternative methods.Based on the reservoir and well characteristic, the engineers select the suitable (AL) method.ESP introduce energy (lift) into the system at a certain depth

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ESP system:The ESP system comprises:- Downhole pump,- Motor,- Protector,- Gas separator,- Electric power cable,- Surface equipment

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Summary: ESP’s are best for these conditions:Moderate to very high rates (500 - 50,000 bbl/d)Low gas liquid ratios (GLR < ~200)High drawdown (to FBHP=150 psi) is OK.Few solids (e.g. sand, scale)Not too hot (temperatures above ~200o may limit horsepower,

problems above 300o).Not too deep ( ~12000’ max.)Stable inflow performance and good data available for design.High quality supply of HVAC electricity. Continuous operation (few stop/starts)Larger casing sizes are better.Deviation (even horizontal) is OK.

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Motors are manufactured in four different diameters (series) 3.75, 4.65, 5.4, and 7.38 in (7.5-1000 hp).

Thus motors can be used in casing as small as 4.5 in

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Electric Submersible

Pumps (ESP)***

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To Equalizer

ShaftTo Pump

Gas and liquid to

pump

Gas and liquid

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To Equalizer

ShaftTo

PumpLiquid

to pump

Gas to annulus

Separator

Impeller

Standard intake

Gas and

liquid

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Trouble Shooting

- Gather information before going to well site ( Recent production history, latest down time information etc. )

- Note down trip & warning alarms.

- Review ammeter charts.

- Get assistance from electrical if required.

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Ammeter Technology-Ammeter chart is the most valuable tool for Monitoring an ESP well.

-It is an important tool for problem solving.

-It is to be kept for future references.

-If the unit tripped on underload, the unit will time out and restart automatically (if the provision is connected).

- If it tripped on overload the problem may be serious, check thoroughly before restart.

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Interpretation of Ammeter Charts:- Ammeter charts are circular recordings of motor current versus time.

- 24 hr or 7 day charts are being used.

- 24 hr charts provide more details for analysis and are used in new wells.

- Otherwise 7 day charts are generally used.

- With experience the operator can use ammeter charts for problem solving.

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- Unit running continuously- Amperage recording is smooth- It is motor name plate amps- It is normal run

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Power Fluctuations:Blips or kicks shown at intervals due to start up of other equipment

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Pump started at 6 am

Normal run up to 9.15 am

Production rate declined.

Production became gassy

Gas locked & tripped at 10.50 am

Correction:-Lower the pumpIncrease down timeChange out pump in the next pull out

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