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Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for Journal of Materials Chemistry A.This journal is © The Royal Society of Chemistry 2016
Electronic Supplementary Information
MultimetallicNi-Mo/Cunanowires as nonprecious and
efficient full water splitting catalyst
Shunan Zhao,‡a Jianfei Huang,‡b Yanyan Liu,aJianhua Shen,a Hao Wang,a Xiaoling
Yang,a Yihua Zhu,*a and Chunzhong Li*a
a Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science
and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology,Shanghai200237, China. E-
mail: yhzhu@ecust.edu.cn, czli@ecust.edu.cn
b Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa
Barbara 93106, CA, USA
‡ These authors contributed equally.
* Author Correspondence: Y.H. Zhu, yhzhu@ecust.edu.cn; C.Z. Li, czli@ecust.edu.cn
Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for Journal of Materials Chemistry A.This journal is © The Royal Society of Chemistry 2017
2
Figure S1. (a) Chronopotentiometric curve and (b) Cyclic voltammetry of Ni-Mo
Electrodeposition.
As can be seen from the potential-time curve, only one potential plateau was found. In
the CV profile, also only one broad peak was identified at around -3 V. Data from the
two electrochemical characterization methods agree well with each other. This
indicates under the constant-current electrodeposition condition, the potential was
held at more negative potential than that of the only found reduction peak in Figure
S1b, leading to simultaneous deposition of Ni and Mo.
3
Figure S2. The EDS pattern of the as-preparedNM-CNW.
4
Table S1. Atomic percentage of Cu, Ni and Mo in NM-CNW sample (substrate
included.)
Element Cu Ni MoAtomic Percent 97.73% 1.83% 0.44%
5
Figure S3. (a) (b) SEM images of NM-CF with different magnifications.
6
Figure S4. SEM images of (a-b) N-CNW and (c-d) M-CNW.
7
Figure S5. Polarization curves of the samples for (a) HER and (b) OER without iR compensation.
8
Table S2. Comparison of HER activity from different catalysts
Catalyst ElectrolyteTafel Slope
(mV/dec)
η @ 10 mA cm−2
(mV)Reference
NiMo-NGTs 0.5 M H2SO4 67 65 S1
Ni-Mn3O4/NF 1.0 M KOH 110 91 S2
NiCo2S4 NW/NF 1.0 M KOH 58.9 210 S3
MoC-Mo2C 1.0 M KOH 42 120 S4
Co-Ni-B 1.0 M KOH 51 133 S5
Fe-CoP/Ti NA 1.0 M KOH 75 78 S6
MoP2 NPs/Mo 1.0 M KOH 80 194 S7
Ni3S2/NF 1.0 M KOH 110 123 S8
NiSe2/Ni hybridfoam 0.5 M H2SO4 49 143 S9
Ni2P 0.5 M H2SO4 75 ~130 S10
NM-CNW 1.0 M KOH 107 115 this work
9
Table S3. Comparison of OER activity from different catalysts
Catalyst ElectrolyteTafel Slope
(mV/dec)
η @20 mA cm−2
(mV)Reference
Core-Shell Ni-Co NW 1.0 M KOH 43.6 ~315 S11
NiCo2S4 NW/NF 1.0 M KOH 40.1 ~305 S3
Ni-Co PBA cubes 1.0 M NaOH 50 ~395 S12
MoS2/NF 1.0 M NaOH 105 310 S13
Porous MoO2 1.0 M KOH 54 280 S14
MoO2-CoO 1.0 M KOH 57.82 ~290 S15
CoMoO4 porous
flowers
1.0 M KOH 56 ~340 S16
NiFe-MMO/CNT 1.0 M KOH 45 ~240 S17
CoP3 NAs/CFP 1.0 M KOH 81 ~350 S18
NF@NC-
CoFe2O4/CNRAs
1.0 M KOH 45 ~255 S19
NM-CNW 1.0 M KOH 66 280 this work
10
Figure S6. The electrochemical double-layer capacitance calculation CV curves
measured at different scan rates and corresponding scan rates plots of the (a-b) CF, (c-
d) CNW, (e-f) N-CNW, (g-h) M-CNW, (i-j)NM-CF and (k-l) NM-CNW.
11
The electrochemical double-layer capacitance calculationS14
The electrochemically active surface area was estimated from the electrochemical
double-layer capacitance. The electrochemical capacitance (C) was obtainedfrom the
cyclic voltammetry measured in a non-Faradaic region at different scan rates (v). The
calculated value of C is based on the formula:C=dQ/dV=i/v (i isdouble-layercurrent
density).
12
Figure S7. SEM images of NM-CNW after 12 h continuous (a) HER and (b) OER
stability tests.
13
Figure S8. (a) The optical image of experimental set-ups of water displacement for
collection of the evolved gas (b) generated H2 and O2 volumes over time versus
theoretical quantities assuming a roughly 100%Faradaic efficiency for the overall
water splitting of NM-CNW|NM-CNWat a constant current density of 10 mA cm−2.
Faradaic efficiency calculationS20
Faradaic efficiency of water splitting catalyzed by NM-CNW was calculated by
comparing the amount of the evolved gas with the theoretical amount of gas which is
calculated by the charge passed through the electrode:
(1)mV
FQ
VVV
42efficiency Faradaic experiment
ltheoretica
experimentH2
(2)mV
FQ
VVV
41efficiency Faradaic experiment
ltheoretica
experimentO2
where Q is the summation of the charge passed through the electrodes, F is the
Faraday constant (96485 C mol−1), the number 4 means 4 moles of electrons per mole
of H2O, the number 2 means 2 moles of H2 per mole of H2O, the number 1 means 1
moles of O2 per mole of H2O and Vm is the molar volume of gas (24.1 L mol−1, 293 K,
101 kPa).
14
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