ecology cells- structure, function, membranes, different types

Ecology

Cells- Structure, function,

membranes, different types

Plant systems

Animal Systems

Evolution and Classification- natural selection, speciation,

classification

Labs

Ecology

$100

CellsPlant

SystemsAnimal

SystemsLabs

Evolution and

Classification

Double Jeopardy!

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$400

What phenomenon

is exemplified

by the figure?

Ecology

Back $400

What is biomagnification?

Ecology

$200

In a certain community, the absence of a hawk leads to the increase in the snake population, which leads to a decrease in the mouse population

followed by an increase in the grasshopper population and finally a

decrease in the plant population. What model does this situation

exemplify?

Ecology

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What is the top-down model?

Ecology

$500

What pattern of dispersion

would these fish most

likely exhibit within their population’s geographic

range?

Ecology

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What is uniform?

Ecology

Ecology

$100

During the summer, lakes with winter ice cover consist of warm surface water, cold bottom water, and this vertical zone of rapid

temperature change between the warm and cold water.

Ecology

Back

What is a thermocline?

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____ ________ is determined by the amount of solar radiation, temperature, and water

availability and is high in areas with abundant rainfall and high

temperatures. It and tree species richness have a positive

correlation.

Ecology

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What is actual evapotranspiration?

Ecology

$100

One difference between plant cells is that the centrosomes of an animal cell contain a pair of this structure while

the centrosomes of an animal cell lack them.

Cells

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What are centrioles?

Cells

$200

These molecules of an animal cell plasma

membrane are specifically recognized by other cells

and help cells to recognize one another.

Cells

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What are glycoproteins?

Cells

$300

This type of intercellular junction in animal tissues that

fastens cells together are anchored to the cytoplasm by intermediate filaments made

of keratin proteins

Cells

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What are desmosomes?

Cells

$400

Plant cells contain a primary cell wall and sometimes a secondary cell wall, and between the primary cell

walls of adjacent plant cells is this thin layer of

polysaccharides called pectins.

Cells

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What is the middle Lamella?

Cells

$500

In this type of endocytosis in animal cells, the cell “gulps” droplets of

extracellular fluid to obtain the dissolved molecules

within these droplets that the cell needs.

Cells

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What is pinocytosis?

Cells

$300

This organ, indicated by the red arrows, is the first to emerge

from a germinating seed.

Plant Systems

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What is the radicle?

Plant Systems

$100

These supporting cells are located in parts of the plant

that have stopped growing in length. They have thick secondary walls that are typically strengthened by

ligin.

Plant Systems

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What are sclerenchyma cells?

Plant Systems

$200

Besides the outside air, this part of the plant has the lowest water potential. This difference in water

potential helps drive xylem sap up a tree.

Plant Systems

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What are the air spaces of leaves?

Plant Systems

$400

The signal transduction pathway in plants beginning with light activated phytochromes that use either cGMP

or opening of the calcium ion channels to activate specific protein kinases. The protein kinases lead to the activation of transcription factors

that lead to the expression of proteins that function in this

response.

Plant Systems

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What is the de-etiolation response?

Plant Systems

$500

This plant hormone is found in the leaves, stems, roots, and green fruit of a plant and is responsible for inhibiting

plant growth, closing stomata during water stress, and

promoting seed dormancy.

Plant Systems

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What is abscisic acid?

Plant Systems

$100

Most ATP in an animal’s energy budget is formed as a result of the _____ of organic fuel molecules.

Animal Systems

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What is oxidation?

Animal Systems

$200

In insects, other arthropods, and most mollusks this

substance, which has no distinction between blood and

interstital fluid, bathes organisms directly, creating an open circulatory system.

Animal Systems

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What is hemolymph?

Animal Systems

$300

To what type of animal does this type of circulatory

system belong?

Animal Systems

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What are amphibians?

Animal Systems

$400

Class I MHC molecules displaying a bound peptide antigen is

recognized by what type of cell?

Animal Systems

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What are cytoxic T cells?

Animal Systems

$500

In the human kidney, 80% of nephrons consist of cortical

nephrons that have loops of Henel that extend only into the renal

cortex, the other 20% of nephrons are ______ nephrons that have well

developed loops of Henel that extend into the renal medulla.

Animal Systems

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What are juxtamediallary?

Animal Systems

I P M A T

$100

This phase is the longest

stage of mitosis and lasts about

twenty minutes.

Labs

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What is metaphase?

Labs

$200

LabsIn the transformation lab, bacteria were able to grow with ampicillin due to the addition of an antibiotic

resistant gene to the bacteria via this.

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What is plasmid?

Labs

$300

When using chromatography to

separate the pigments of a plant, this pigment travels the shortest

distance up the paper.

Labs

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What is chlorophyll b?

Labs

$400

Based on the ratio of red eyed flies

to sepia eyed flies, we can

determine that the parents’

genotypes are ________

Labs

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What are heterozygous?

Labs

$500

Subtracting these two measurements will

give us _______.

Labs

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What is respiration?

Labs

$100

The conditions for self-replicating molecules and a metabolism like

source for the building blocks were provided by these

combined abiotically produced molecules that are surrounded by a membrane-like structure.

These structures can reproduce, metabolize, and maintain some

degree of homeostasis.

Evolution and Classification

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What are protobionts?

Evolution and Classification

$200

These kinds of homologous genes were passed from

one generation to the next but were separated into different gene pools as a result of speciation.

Evolution and Classification

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What are orthologous genes?

Evolution and Classification

$300

This biologist observed that species change over time as a

result of the individuals adapting to their environments. He believed that the traits an

organism acquires due to a changing environment were

passed on to the next generation.

Evolution and Classification

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Who is Lamarck?

Evolution and Classification

$400

This process, in which green algae and red algae were ingested by food vacuoles of

heterotrophic eukaryotes, led to the diversification of plastids that exists in

plastid-bearing organisms today.

Evolution and Classification

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What is secondary endosymbiosis?

Evolution and Classification

$500

This animal phylum lacks true tissues?

Evolution and Classification

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What is porifera?

Evolution and Classification

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Photosynthesis

Respiration

Cell division: mitosis and

meiosis

Molecular genetics - transcription,

translation, DNA structure & replication,

genetics

Biotechnology

Things we didn’t cover

Photosynthesis

$200

RespirationCell

DivisionMolecular Genetics

BiotechnologyThings we

Didn’t Cover

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In noncyclic electron flow, this structure contains P700 to supply the electrons for the primary acceptor, and the

output of this part of noncyclic electron flow

consists of NADPH.

Photosynthesis

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What is photosystem I?

Photosynthesis

$400

Chlorophyll a is almost identical to chlorophyll b,

except chlorophyll b contains this

molecule instead of CH3.

Photosynthesis

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What is CHO?

Photosynthesis

$600

This five carbon sugar is the one to which carbon dioxide

molecules attach at the beginning of the Calvin cycle. It is also regenerated at the

end of the Calvin cycle so that it may begin again.

Photosynthesis

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What is RuBP?

Photosynthesis

$800

These kinds of plants open their stomata at night and close them during the day.

Cacti and pineapples are examples of this type of

plant.

Photosynthesis

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What are CAM Plants?

Photosynthesis

$1000

Unlike the mitochondria, where the intermembrane space acts as the reservoir for protons, the reservoir for

protons in chloroplasts is the _______ _____

Photosynthesis

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Thylakoid Space

Photosynthesis

$200

This electron acceptor is only found in the

citric acid cycle.

Respiration

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What is FAD?

Respiration

$400

The remainder of electron carriers

between ubiquinone and oxygen are these

proteins.

Respiration

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What are cytochromes?

Respiration

$600

These macromolecules are the only ones that can be catabolized by going straight into the

citric acid cycle.

Respiration

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What are proteins?

Respiration

$800

In glycolysis and the citric acid cycle, a smaller

amount of ATP is produced through this

process.

Respiration

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What is substrate-level phosphorylation?

Respiration

$1000

The electron transport chain gradually changes ___ ____ in the transition from H2 +

½ O2 to H2O so that the release of heat and light energy is not explosive.

Respiration

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What is free energy?

Respiration

$200

In order for a kinase (a protein that activates or inactivates other

molecules via phosphorylation) to be activated it must be attached to this.

Cell Division

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What is a cyclin?

Cell Division

$400

It is hypothesized that mitosis evolved from this

manner of asexual reproduction carried out by prokaryotes with a couple

of processes by other organisms in between.

Cell Division

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What is binary fission?

Cell Division

$600

During anaphase, these microtubules

shorten at their ends rather than the ends of the spindle poles.

Cell Division

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What are kinetochores?

Cell Division

$800

Unlike the chromosomes in

mitosis, the chromosomes in meiosis are _____.

Cell Division

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What are paired?

Cell Division

$1000

What is the name of the short microtubules

surrounding the centrosomes during cell

division?

Cell Division

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What are asters?

Cell Division

$200

These noncoding repetitions of short nucleotide

sequences at the end of human DNA protect DNA from erosion caused by

repeated DNA replication.

Molecular Genetics

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Telomeres

Molecular Genetics

$400

According to the ________ model, both strands of the paternal DNA molecule separate to serve as a template for new, complementary strands. The

strands of the first replication contain one strand of parent DNA and one of

the new, complementary strand. After the second replication there are two of the aforementioned and two containing

all new DNA strands.

Molecular Genetics

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What is semiconservative?

Molecular Genetics

$600

This small organic molecule is important in positive gene

regulation in E. coli by activating a regulatory protein called the catabolic activator protein in E.

coli, which inhibits the lac operator by blocking the RNA polymerase from transcribing.

Molecular Genetics

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What is cAMP?

Molecular Genetics

$800

Which of the sites on a translating ribosome

does an incoming tRNA molecule fit into when it

brings a new amino acid?

Molecular Genetics

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What is the A site?

Molecular Genetics

$1000

The ____-_ ___, in addition to the 5’ cap of an mRNA molecule,

facilitate export of mRNA from the nucleus, protect the

mRNA from hydrolytic enzymes, and help ribosomes

attach to the 5’ end of the mRNA.

Molecular Genetics

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What is poly-A tail?

Molecular Genetics

$200

These double stranded RNA molecules turn off genes with the same sequence and thus

inhibit gene expression.

Biotechnology

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What are small interfering RNAs?

Biotechnology

$400

These proteins have many amino acids

with a positive charge and bind to negatively charged

DNA. They help determine

chromosome structure.

Biotechnology

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What are histones?

Biotechnology

$600

The molecules at the bottom of the gel are at the bottom

because they are _____ than those at the

top.

Biotechnology

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What is shorter?

Biotechnology

$800

These synthetic structures called ____ ________

________ an origin site for replication, a centromere, and two telomeres with

foreign DNA.

Biotechnology

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What are yeast artificial

chromosomes?

Biotechnology

$1000

In the DNA sequencing method dideoxy chain termination, these will randomly insert

themselves on a growing DNA strand that is complementary to the template DNA strand

instead of a deoxyribonucleotide.

Biotechnology

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What are dideoxyribonucleotides

?

Biotechnology

$200

Things we didn’t cover

Back $200

Things we didn’t cover

$400

This type of RNA in a eukaryotic cell is part of a complex of

protein and RNA that recognizes signal peptides attached to polypeptides

destined to go to the endoplasmic reticulum.

Things we didn’t cover

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What is SRP RNA?

Things we didn’t cover

$600

These kinds of sensory receptors detect physical deformation caused by stimuli including touch,

pressure, stretch, motion, or sound.

Things we didn’t cover

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What are mechanoreceptors?

Things we didn’t cover

$800

These types of eyes are found on insects and

crustaceans.

Things we didn’t cover

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What are compound eyes?

Things we didn’t cover

$1000

For animals of a given body mass, _______ is the most energy-efficient method

of locomotion while running is the least

energy efficient.

Things we didn’t cover

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What is swimming?

Things we didn’t cover

FinalJeopardy!!!

In cellular communication, this secondary messenger

activates the gated calcium channel attached to the endoplasmic reticulum,

causing it to release calcium ions, another secondary

messenger, into the cytosol so that it activates various

proteins and creates cellular responses.

Final Jeopardy!!!

What is IP3?

Final Jeopardy!!!